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23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  14S80 

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CIHM/ICMH 

Microiiche 

Series. 


CIHM/iCMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions 


Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  historiques 


1980 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibiiographiques 


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D 


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IPX 14X 18X 22X 

I  I  I  \  \  I  I  \  \  \  \  T/l   I 


26X 


30X 


12X 


16X 


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28X 


32X 


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du 
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une 

possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 

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nage 

of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 

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or  illustrated  impression. 

premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 

i 

empreinte. 

The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ♦-  Ime&ning  "CON- 
TINUED "),  or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  'END  "), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
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beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — »-  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  etre 
filmds  d  dPs  taux  de  reduction  diffdrents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  etre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichd,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  supdrieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n^cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m6thode. 


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^< 


CITY   DOCUMENT. 


THE  SIEGE  AND 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL, 

Destruction  of  Falmouth, 


MAY  20.  1690  (O.S.) 


A   PAPFR   READ   BEFORE  THE   MAINE   GENEALOGICAL 
vSOCIETY,  JUNE  2,  1885, 


BY   JOHN    T.    HULL. 


Printed  by  Order  of  City  Council  of  Portland. 


'' 


PORTLAND,  ME.: 

OWEN,  STROUT  &  CO.,  PRINTERS. 

1885. 


I 


:  * 


(i 


,*: 


■■!'    t 


PREFACE. 


h 


The  capture  and  destruction  of  Casco  or  Falmouth  (now  Port- 
land), and  its  defense  Fort  Loyall,  with  the  massacre  of  its  people 
by  the  French  and  Indians  in  May,  1690  (O.  S.),  was  one  of  those 
prominent  events  in  the  history  of  Maine,  and  of  the  local  history 
of  Portland,  worthy  to  be  held  by  its  citizens  in  the  highest  re- 
membrance. It  Has  in  the  past  been  nearly  forgotten.  Although 
the  documentary  history  of  it,  written  nearly  two  centuries  since 
by  those  who  were  actors  or  contemporaries  with  them,  in  those 
events,  is  voluminous  and  of  great  interest.  It  is  not  only  pre- 
served in  the  colonial  records  of  our  owi;i  country,  but  the  archives 
at  London  and  Paris  contain  full  descriptions  and  accounts  of  the 
scenes  of  those  days,  given  in  letters  of  importance  from  those 
whose  positions  gave  them  the  opportunities  to  obtain  full  infor- 
mation thereof.  Under  the  auspices  of  the  Maine  Genealogical 
Society,  and  the  aid  of  the  City  of  Portland,  I  am  enabled  to 
publish  the  results  of  the  investigations  and  researches  that  I  have 
made  in  this  almost  unknown  history,  for  the  information  of  our 
citizens  here,  and  those  elsewhere  who  are  interested  in  the  early 
history  of  Maine.  A  record  of  the  bravery  and  endurance  of  our 
forefathers  of  which  all  may  well  be  proud.  I  am  under  obliga- 
tions to  those  gentlemen  who  have  aided  me  in  my  researches,  and 
especially  to  Wm.  M.  Sargent,  Esq.,  for  his  valuable  services. 

JOHN  T.  HULL. 

Portland,  November^  188^. 


EXTRACT  FROM  THE  RECORDS  OF  THE  MAINE 
GENEALOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


At  a  meeting  of  the  Maine  Genealogical  Society  held  at 
Reception  Hall,  Portland,  Apri)  21,  1885, 

''Voted:  That  Wm.  M.  Sargent,  Charles  B.  Rogers  and  S.  M. 
Watson  be  a  committee  to  call  a  meeting  of  the  Society  on  or 
about  the  twentieth  of  May  next,  to  observe  the  anniversary  of 
the  destruction  of  Fort  Loyall,  should  they  deem  such  action  ex- 
pedient. 

"Accordingly  a  meeting  of  the  Society,  called  by  the  committee, 
was  held  at  the  same  place  on  Tuesday  evening,  June  2,  following, 
at  7  1-2  o'clock.  The  President  and  Vice-president  being  absent, 
Thomas  Tash,  Esq.,  was  appointed  chairman,  who  introduced 
John  T.  Hull,  Esq.,  who  had  been  selected  by  the  committee  as 
the  speaker  fo    the  evening. 

"Mr.  Hui;  ,poke  of  the  importance  of  keeping  in  memory 
some  of  our  most  important  historical  events,  and  presented  a 
paper  entitled  'The  Sieoe  and  Capture  of  Fort  Loyall; 
Destruction  of  Falmouth,  May,  1690,'  which  he  read  to  a  large, 
attentive,  and  much  interested  audience,  for  the  space  of  one  and 
a  half  hour's  time.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  paper  a  vote  of 
thanks  was  passed  by  the  Society  to  Mr.  Hull  for  his  valuable  and 

well  prepared  paper." 

Attest ;  S.  M.  Watson,  Secretary. 


f 


, 


PETITION  OF  CITIZENS. 


f 


To  THE  Honorable  City  Council  of  Portland. 

Gentlemen:  —  The  paper  prepared  and  read  by  Mr.  John  T.  Hull 
before  the  Maine  Genealogical  Society  on  the  evening  of  June  2d 
last,  on  the  "  Capture  of  Fort  Loyall  and  the  Destruction  of  Fal- 
mouth by  the  French  and  Indians  in  May,  1690,"  was  very 
valuable  and  interesting  as  concenung  an  important  event  in  the 
early  history  of  our  city. 

We  think  it  of  so  great  importance  as  an  historical  record,  that 
it  should  be  preserved  by  being  printed  at  the  expense  of  the  city. 

We  therefore  request  your  honorable  body  to  cause  to  be  printed 
in  pamphlet  form,  such  number  of  copies  as  may  be  deemed  ex- 
pedient, for  the  use  of  our  citizens ;  and  to  make  an  appropriation 
therefor  not  exceeding  the  sum  of  $150. 

Portland,  July,  188^. 


Thomas  Task, 
W^M.  Goold, 
Edward  Gould, 
W.  D.  Little, 
Geo.  S.  Hunt, 
Fred.  Odell  Conant, 
Chas.  B.  Rogers, 
John  C.  Tukesbury, 
George  A.  Thomas, 


Wm.  M.  Sargent, 
F.  M.  Ray, 
J.  P.  Baxter, 
Wm.  H.  Smith, 
JosiAH  H.  Drummond, 
Horatio  Hight, 
S.  M.  Watson, 
A.  K.  P.  Meserve, 
Fritz  H.  Jordan. 


I 


ACTION  OF  CITY  COUNCIL. 

In  Board  of  Mayor  and  Aldermen,  July  6th,  1885. 
Read  and  referred  to  Committee  on  Public  Instruction. 

Attest :  Geo.  C.  Burgess,  City  Clerk, 

In  Common  Council,  July  6th,  1885. 
Read  and  referred  to  Committee  on  Public  Instruction  in  con- 
currence. 


Attest ; 


L.  C.  Wade,  Clerk. 


t 


City  of  Portland,         | 
July  13th,  i88s. ) 

The  Joint  Standing  Committee  on  Public  Instruction,  to  whom 
was  referred  the  petition  of  Thomas  Tash  and  seventeen  others, 
asking  that  the  City  print  the  paper  of  John  T.  Hull  on  the 
destruction  of  Fort  Loyall,  having  given  a  hearing  to  parties  inter- 
ested in  the  matter,  beg  leave  to  report :  ,        ,  ,    • 

That  in  the  opinion  of  your  Committee  the  paper  referred  to  is 
a  valuable  contribution  to  our  local  history,  and,  treating  as  it  does 
of  the  earliest  settlement  within  the  present  city  limits,  its  pre- 
servation and  perpetuation  may  properly  belong  to  the  City  as  a 
part  of  its  records,  of  which,  relating  to  this  matter,  there  is  at 
present  in  its  archives  not  a  single  fragment. 

'   Your  Committee,  therefore,  recommend  granting  the  prayer  of 
the  petitioners,  and  the  passage  of  the  accompanying  order. 
^  Whitman  Sawyer, 

Chairman  Com.  on  Public  Imtruction. 


I 


ACTION   OF   CITY  COUNCIL.  f 

In  Board  of  Mayor  and  Aldermen,  Sept.  7th,  1885. 
Report  read  and  accepted.     Sent  down  for  concurrence. 

Attest :  Geo.  C.  Burgess,  Ci^'  Clerk. 

In  Common  Council,  Sept.  7th,  1885. 
Report  read  and  accepted  in  concurrence. 

Attest :         .  L.  C.  Wade,  Clerk. 

Ordered,  that  under  the  direction  of  the  Committee  on  Print- 
ing, a  sum  not  exceeding  one  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  be  expended 
in  printing  five  hunured  copies  of  John  T.  Hull's  paper  relating  to 
the  destruction  of  Fort  Loyall. 

In  Board  of  Mayor  and  Aldermen,  Sept.  7th,  1885. 
Read  and  passed.     Sent  down. 

Attest :  Geo.  C.  Burgess,  City  Clerk. 

In  Common  Council,  Sept.  7th,  1885. 
Read  and  passed  in  concurrence. 

Attest:  L.  C.  Wade,  Clerk. 


Approved,  Sept.  8th,  1885. 


J.  W.  Deering,  Mayor. 


c 


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REFERENCE    \ 
.  »         I.  Lviwi*eno4^  GsirrMsoTi  7.  Iii^rsoll  Gjn-fisoii 

I      -^    w.  Meeting  Kousf  H.  IIulCMoon 

/   ^1     a.  Oapt.  Duvis-  r [uuse  V  Store  -').  WiikI  Mill 

1  "^      f.  roi-t  LoyLl  loOtxpt.G.Ty,,,^ 

^fc'         .3.  (^ipi.  Riiwa-i-d  Tvii^  11.  Miolmel  MiMon.KW 

■+"«-       \  t>.  BuT-yuiiS  CiiHJiiiid  lU.Geo.  Brimluill 

~^*^    \  13.  Aritiionv"  Firsvckeit 

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SIEGE  AND  CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL, 

DESTRUCTION    OF    FALMOUTH, 


''*'^. 


\ 


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t*t  IS 


u 


MAY,  1690  (O.S.) 


/ 


/■./^•v^>-^y- 


Mr.  Chairman,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  : 

We  meet  here  this  evening'  to  observe  the  anniversary  of  one 
of  the  most  important  events  of  the  early  history  of  our  city,  and 
which  is  hardly  known  by  many  of  our  citizens.  But  little  of  its 
history  has  ever  been  written.  No  poet  has  ever  sung  of  the 
brave  deeds  then  done.  Historians  make  but  slight  mention  of 
it ;  although  the  sources  of  information,  from  which  I  have  been 
able  to  obtain  the  facts  which  I  shall  lay  before  you  this  evening, 
are  quite  voluminous.  It  has  been  generally  considered  as  the 
result  of  one  of  those  unorganized  Indian  raids  upon  the  white 
settlements,  which  were  so  frequently  made  during  the  perilous 
times  and  bloody  years  of  the  French  and  Indian  wars.  But  the 
capture  of  Fort  Loyall,  and  the  destruction  of  Falmouth,  May 
20th,  1690,  was  not  one  of  those  ordinary  savage  attacks  upon  the 
homes  of  our  ancestors,  which  were  so  common  during  those 
troublesome  days,  but  it  was  an  event  of  far  greater  importance 
in  its  inception  and  results.     It  originated  at  the  court  of  Ver- 

'  According  to  the  English  accounts  of  the  siege  of  Fort  Loyall ;  the  fort 
surrendered  May  20,  1690.  This  time  was  according  to  the  old  style  or  Julian 
calendar,  then  in  use  by  the  English  and  some  other  nations.  Subsequently  in 
1752,  the  English  adopted  the  Gregorian,  or  new  style,  by  which  in  the  17th 
century,  10  days;  in  the  i5th  century,  11  days;  and  in  the  19th  century,  1800  to 
1900,  12  ciays  were  omitced  from  the  former  reckoning  of  time.  Thus  the  20th 
of  May,  1690,  would  be  June  i,  1885.  The  meeting  at  which  this  paper  was 
read  was  on  June  2d,  1885. 


\ 


10 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


sailles  ; '  was  one  of  the  parts  of  a  plan  approved  by  Louis  XIV, 
having  for  its  ulterior  object  the  conquest  of  New  York  and  New 
England,  and  the  driving  of  the  English  from  the  shores  of  North 
America. 

This  day  that  we  here  commemorate,  was  a  day  of  disaster; 
fire  and  blood  swopt  out  of  existence  an  infant  settlement,  and 
left  this  then  fair  land  of  our  ancestors  desolate  for  a  quarter  of  a 
century.  But  if  the  day  we  now  observe  was  a  day  of  trial  and 
mourning,  it  was  also  a  day  of  heroism  and  valor ;  and  for  that 
reason  should  always  be  remembered  by  us  and  our  descendants. 
If  the  red  cross  of  St.  George  did  on  that  day  go  down  before 
those  who  mustered  under  the  "  Fleur  de  lis "  of  France  and  the 
banner  of  Louis,  ariid  savage  war  whoops  and  flaming  homes ! 
If  on  that  day  our  fathers,  overpowered  by  numbers,  surrendered 
to  their  civilized  and  savage  foes,  and  bared  their  heads  to  the 
tomahawk  and  scalping  knife ;  it  was  so,  from  no  want  of  courage 
on  their  part,  for  no  men  fought  harder  or  with  more  valor  against 
a  stronger  force  than  did  the  men  of  Casco,  at  the  siege  of  Fort 
Loyall,  by  the  French  and  Indians  in  1690.  No  monument  marks 
the  spot  where  they  fell !  No  marble  temple  enshrines  their  re- 
mains !  With  us,  even  most  of  their  names  are  unknown  !  They 
rest  with  the  unknown  dead.  I  only  hope  that  my  efforts  here 
this  evening  shall  awaken  such  an  interest  that  they  and  their 
brave  deeds  shall  not  hereafter  be  forgotten. 

Nearly  two  centuries  ago  (in  1690),  our  present  city  (first  settled 
in  1633),  was  but  a  small  village ;  a  collection  of  scattered  houses 
near  the  foot  of  what  is  now  India  street,  and  along  the  street  that 
led  by  the  sea  side.^  But  little  inroad  had  been  made  on  the 
primeval  forests,  except  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  rude  hab- 
itations which  our  forefathers  had  built  as  homes  for  themselves 
and  families.     The  ferry  ^  and  town  landing  was  near  the  foot  of 

'See  documents  from  the  French  Archives,  post.     *See  plan  accompanying  this. 

^  The  route  pursued  by  travelers  westward  was  by  boat  to  about  where  the 
present  ferry  landing  is,  on  C.  E.  side,  thence  horseback  by  the  shore  route, 
crossing  the  rivers  near  their  mouths  by  ferries.  In  1686,  Sylvanus  Davis  es- 
tablished a  ferry  at  about  where  Vaughan's  bridge  now  is.  A  road  was  laid 
out  to  Scarborough,  which  shortened  the  distance  some  miles. 


I 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH, 


IZ 


what  is  now  Hancock  street,  from  whence  the  adventurous  traveler 
commenced  his  perilous  journey  which  took  him  to  Spurwink, 
Black  Point,  and  the  scattered  settlements  farther  on.  Opposite 
the  town  landing  was  the  store  and  dwelling  house  of  Sylvanus 
Davis,  the  principal  trader  in  the  town,  and  a  leading  actor  in  the 
subsequent  scenes  which  I  shall  relate.  Near  the  corner  of  Fore 
and  India  streets  was  the  only  public  house  in  town,  )cept  by 
Richard  Seacomb,'  who  was  duly  licensed  for  that  purpose. 

At  the  foot  of  Broad,  now  called  India  street,  was  the  principal 
defense  of  the  town.  Fort  Loyall.  It  was  situated  on  a  mound 
and  rocky  bluff  overlooking  the  harbor,  and  the  base  of  which 
was  washed  by  the  waters  of  Casco  Bay.  This  mound  had  a  grad- 
ual slope  from  its  highest  elevation  towards  Fore  and  India 
streets.  On  the  top  of  the  hill  was  the  Fort.  There  is  no  plan 
or  description  of  it  that  I  am  aware  of.  It  comprised  a  number  of 
buildings  built  of  logs,  and  surrounded  by  an  outer-barrier  of  fence 
in  a  palisade  form,  on  which  at  intervals  were  wooden  towers  for 
defense  and  observation.  Loop-holes  cut  in  them  and  its  outer 
walls  gave  its  defenders  the  opportunity  to  use  musketry  to  advan- 
tage upon  its  assailants.  The  area  of  the  fort  was  about  a  half 
acre.  It  mounted  eight  cannon.  (The  general  features  of  the 
bluff  on  which  Fort  Loyall  was  situated  are  well  remembered  by 
some  of  those  who  are  here  present.  But  the  whole  aspect  has 
been  changed  by  the  demolition  of  the  hill,  and  the  construction 
of  the  G.  T.  R.  R.  station.  The  site  of  Fort  Loyall  was  probably 
thirty  feet  above  the  present  level  of  the  R.  R.  station.^) 

Thus  was  Fort  Loyall  in  May,  1690,  and  on  its  defense  depended 

'  In  September,  1681,  Richard  Seacomb  was  licensed  to  keep  an  ordinary  in 
Falmouth.  In  May,  1682,  he  was  fined  fifty  shillings  for  selling  liquor  to  the 
Indians.  He  came  from  the  west  of  England,  and  settled  at  Lynn  as  early  as 
1660.  His  children  were  Noah,  Richard  and  Susannah.  He  purchased  a  lot  of 
land  at  Back  cove,  extending  down  to  the  present  Hack  cove  bridge,  which  now 
retains  the  name  of  Seacomb's  Neck.  He  died  in  1694.  His  son  Richard 
lived  in  Portsmouth  in  17 15.     (Willis,  p.  242.) 

'  The  construction  of  the  R.  R.  stations,  filling  of  grounds,  etc.,  at  the  foot  of 
India  street,  has  removed  all  these  old  land  marks  that  existed  there  forty  years 
since.  The  old  Weeks  mansion  that  stood  on  the  hill,  the  former  site  of  Fort 
Loyall,  was  removed  to  Green  street,  where  it  is  now  kept  as  a  hostelry,  under 
the  name  of  the  "  Portland  House." 


12 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


I 


the  safety  not  only  of  the  lives  of  the  inhabitants  of  Falmouth, 
but  those  of  all  the  towns  of  the  whole  eastern  frontier. 

In  other  parts  of  the  town  were  four  garrison  houses,  which 
were  intended  as  places  of  refuge  to  the  inhabitants,  when  they 
heard  the  savage  wir-whoop  of  the  approaching  Indian  foe.  One 
of  these  garrison  houses  was  located  on  Munjoy  Hill,  near  the 
present  observatory  (see  plan),  one  was  near  the  foot  of  present 
Exchange  street ;  one  was  on  the  rocky  bluff,  the  site  of  the  pres- 
ent Anderson  houses  on  Free  street.  The  other  one,  the  location 
is  unknown.'  That  one  on  Munjoy  hill  was  built  of  stone,  and 
commanded  by  Lieut.  Robert  Lawrence,  who  married  George 
Munjoy's  widow.     The  others  were  probably  constructed  of  logs. 

Our  fathers  were  used  to  savage  warfare.  They  were  a  hardy, 
sturdy  race  of  men,  good  Indian  fighters,  and  well  understood  the 
savage  wiles,  Their  lives  were  spent  amid  the  dangers  of  war 
and  savage  incursions.  Every  settler  had  his  musket  in  his  house 
ready  for  immediate  use.  At  night  when  the  family  retired  for 
rest,  it  was  with  grave  apprehension  that  they  might  be  aroused 
before  morning  by  the  blazivig  torch,  the  savage  cry,  and  the 
shrieks  of  their  victims,  and  when  thus  awakened,  the  family 
would  gather  in  their  hands  such  effects  as  they  were  able  to,  and 
hurry  to  the  protection  of  the  nearest  garrison  house,  and  would 
there  make  a  protracted  defense,  until  they  received  assistance, 
and  their  foes  were  driven  oft'.  War  with  the  savages  was  no 
novelty  to  the  early  settlers  of  the  frontier  towns  of  Maine. 
Casco  and  its  inhabitants  had  previous  fo  this  time  had  its  bap- 
tisms of  fire  and  blood.  The  fathers  of  many  families  had  been 
shot  down  at  their  firesides,  their  reeking  scalps  taken  from  them 
by  the  red  men,  their  wives  and  children,  if  not  murdered  there, 
carried  through  the  lonely  paths  of  the  forest,  captives  to  Canada. 
The  early  settlers  of  Casco  were  a  brave  race  of  men ;  they  sub- 
dued the  forests,  cultivated  the  wilderness,  reared  their  log  houses, 
and  made  themselves  homes,  and  when  the  necessity  came  they 
defended   themselves  and  their  hearth-stones  against  the  savage 

'  See  letter  of  Capt.  Simon  Willard,  post. 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOTTTH. 


13 


Indians  and  their  French  allies ;  and  we  now  believe  that  in  the 
generations  of  their  race  that  have  succeeded  them,  that  there  has 
been  no  degeneracy  of  courage,  or  love  of  home  or  country ; 
that  the  pioneers  of  civilization,  who  in  early  days  defended 
themselves  against  the  savage  foes  of  the  wilderness,  were  suc- 
ceeded by  those  who  at  Louisburg '  and  on  the  heights  of  Que- 
bec,^ upheld  the  flag  of  England ;  and  in  the  days  of  our  revolu- 
tion, on  land  and  sea,^  fought  for  independence  and  our  country's 
right's,  and  who  in  the  times  of  the  late  rebellion  at  Antietam, 
Gettysburg,  and  elsewhere,  sustained  the  cause  of  the  Union.-* 

Fort  Loyall,  the  scene  of  the  important  events  which  we  here 
today  commemorate,  was  built  by  the  Massachusetts  Government.s 
After  Massachusetts  had  purchased  Maine  from  the  Gorges'  heirs, 
they  deemed  it  necessary  in  order  to  protect  the  people  of  Maine 
from  the  inroads  of  the  French  and  Indians,  that  a  strong  fortress 
should  be  constructed  at  some  prominent  easterly  location,  Fal- 
mouth or  Casco  (as  it  was  called  by  both  names ;  the  English  gen- 
erally using  the  name  Falmouth  and  the  French  retaining  the  old 
Indian  name,  Casco),  being  the  principal  town  on  the  frontier,  and 

'  A  company  from  Falmouth  and  vicinity  under  the  command  of  Moses 
Pearson,  took  part  in  the  capture  of  Louisburg,  June  17th,  1745.  George 
Knight  was  the  lieutenant;  Samuel  Waldo,  of  Falmouth,  was  brigadier-general, 
and  second  in  command;  Sir  \Vm.  Pepperell,  from  Kittery,  was  commander-in- 
chief.     (Willis,  p.  420.) 

'  Among  the  persons  from  Falmouth  who  served  in  Wolfe's  army  at  the  cap- 
ture of  Queljcc,  was  Captain  Jedediah  Preble,  afterwards  brigadier-general,  who 
had  the  command  of  a  company  of  Provincial  troops.  He  was  near  Gen. 
Wolfe  when  he  fell,  and  was  wounded  in  the  thigh.  Also,  John  Waite,  after- 
wards a  colonel,  and  sheriff  of  Cumberland  county.  He  commanded  a  trans- 
port at  that  time.  Also,  William  McLellan.  (Willis,  p.  4^6.)  G.  H.  Preble  in 
History  of  the  "  Preble  Family,"  has  some  doubts  as  to  his  grandfather  being 
at  Quebec. 

^  The  inscriptions  on  the  silent  stones  and  monuments  in  the  Eastern  Ceme- 
tery are  impressive  witnesses  to  the  truth  of  this  statement. 

*  Portland  did  well  her  part  in  the  war  of  the  rebellion.  The  numerous  sol- 
diers' graves  in  the  cemeteries  of  our  city,  which  a  few  days  previous  (on  Me- 
morial day)  had  received  the  decoration  of  wreaths  and  flowers,  give  enduring 
evidence  of  the  sacrifices  that  were  made  by  Portland  in  behalf  of  the  Union. 

*  "  It  is  ordered  that  Mr.  Bartholomew  Gidney,  Esq.,  Capt.  Joshua  Scottow, 
and  Mr.  Silvanus  Davis  be  a  committee  to  manage  the  affairs  of  the  new  plan- 
tation granted  at  Casco  Bay,  and  are  hereby  impowcred,  for  the  benefit  of  sajd 
plantation  in  building  a  fort,  to  sell  one  hundred  pounds  worth  of  land  within 
the  sajd  province."    (Mass.  Col.  Rec,  Vol.  5,  page  286.) 


14 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


Tjeing  accessible  by  water,  it  was  deemed  necessary  to  fortify  it. 
Thus  Fort  Loyall  was  built  by  order  of  Massachusetts.  Its  loca- 
tion and  description  we  have  previously  given.  Its  first  com- 
mander was  Edward  Tyng,'  distinguished  in  Massachusetts  colo- 
nial history.  He  moved  here  from  Boston,  ind  married  a  daugh- 
ter of  Thaddeus  Clark,  who  was  a  granddaughter  of  George 
Cleeve,  our  first  settler. 

In  1680,  Thomas  Danforth,^  who  had  been  appointed  by  the 
Massachusetts  Council,  President  of  the  Province  of  Maine,  ac- 
companied by  other  distinguished  personages  of  that  colony  came 
to  Falmouth  for  the  purpose  of  settling  the  affairs  of  the  town, 
organizing  a  local  government,  and  attending  generally  to  such 
matters  as  were  of  importance  to  the  rising  settlement.  The 
meetings  for  those  purposes  were  held  with  the  inhabitants  in  the 
rude  buildings  constructed  within  Fort  Loyall.  That  was  the 
town  hall,  selectmen's  office,  etc.     There  the  town  records  were 

*  Edw.ird  Tyng  (or  Ting)  was  the  second  son  of  Edward  Tyng,  who  came  to 
this  country  with  his  brother  William  in  1636.  He  was  born  about  1649;  his 
older  brother,  Jonathan,  in  1642.  lie  owned  large  tracts  of  land  in  Falmouth, 
one  a  tract  of  44  acres  which  extended  from  Congress  street  to  Fore  river. 
It  is  the  territory  now  included  in  State,  Park  and  other  streets.  lie  remained 
in  command  of  Fort  Loyall  till  1688.  He  was  afterwards  appointed  the  Gov- 
ernor of  Annapolis,  in  Nova  Scotia,  which  in  1690  had  been  captured  by  Sir 
Wm.  Phi])ps.  He  was  captured  and  carried  prisoner  to  Quebec,  and  from  there 
to  France,  where  he  died.  He  had  four  children:  Edward,  born  in  1683;  Jona- 
than, who  died  young.  Mary,  married  the  Rev.  John  Fox  of  Woburn  (whose 
lineal  descendants,  have  been  and  are  now  among  our  prominent  citizens),  and 
Elizabeth,  married  to  a  brotl-.-^r  of  Dr.  Franklin.  The  last  male  survivor  of 
the  Tyng  family  was  Wm.  Tyng,  his  grandson,  the  sheriff  and  colonel  in  the 
British  service  in  1775.  ^^^  ^^^^  i"  '^°7  '*"'!  ^^^  remains  rest  in  the  Eastern 
Cemetery. 

*  Thomas  Danforth  was  a  prominent  man  in  the  history  of  Massachusetts 
and  Maine.  He  was  the  son  of  Nicholas  Danforth,  was  born  in  England  in 
1622 ;  came  with  his  father  to  Massachusetts  in  1635,  and  settled  in  Cambridge. 
During  a  long  life  he  was  one  of  the  most  energetic  citizens  in  the  colony.  He 
was  the  de]nity  governor  of  Massachusetts  for  1679-1692,  except  during  the 
three  years  of  Andros'  reign.  He  was  I'resident  of  the  District  of  Maine  with 
the  same  exception  from  1680  to  1692.  The  settlement  and  reorganization  of 
Maine  under  the  Massachusetts  government  was  made  under  his  direction;  and 
many  of  the  titles  of  the  seaboard  towns,  between  the  Piscataqua  and  the  Ken- 
nebec, came  from  him.  Under  the  new  charter,  1692,  he  was  one  of  the  council 
from  1693-1699,  and  judge  of  the  superior  court.  He  was  treasurer  of  Harvard 
College,  1650-1669.  He  was  also  commissioner  of  the  United  Colonies  from  1662 
to  1678,  and  filled  many  other  important  stations  of  honor  and  responsibility. 
He  was  frequently  in  Maine  attending  to  his  duties  connected  with  the  Province. 
A  principal  street  in  our  city  perpetuates  his  name.     He  died  in  Nov.,  1699. 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


»s 


Fortify  it. 
Its  loca- 
rst  com- 
:tts  colo- 
1  daugh- 
George 

d  by  the 
aine,  ac- 
3ny  came 
he  town, 
'  to  such 
!nt.  The 
ts  in  the 
was  the 
jrds  were 

ho  came  to 
It  1649;  his 
1  Falmouth, 
Fore  river, 
e  remained 
d  the  Gov- 
ircd  by  Sir 
I  from  there 
1683;  Jona- 
)urn  (whose 
itizens),  and 
survivor  of 
lonel  in  the 
the  Eastern 

assachusetts 
I  England  in 

Cambridge. 

colony.  He 
t  during  the 

Maine  with 
ganization  of 
rection;  and 
md  the  Ken- 
f  the  council 
r  of  Harvard 
iesfrom  1662 
esponsibility. 
:he  Province. 
)v.,  1699. 


kept,  which  subsequently  were  burned  at  the  destruction  of  the 
Fort.'  Danforth  believed  that  the  town  could  be  more  easily 
defended  by  having  a  compact  settlement  made  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  the  Fort,  and  in  order  to  induce  the  inhabitants  to  thus 
locate  their  houses,  he  granted  to  all  who  would  apply,  house  lots 
on  Broad,  now  India  street ;  Fore  street ;  Queen,  now  Congress 
street,  and  the  other  streets  which  had  been  laid  out  in  that  part 
of  the  town.  It  was  one  of  the  conditions  of  these  grants  that 
homes  to  be  occupied  by  settlers  should  be  built  within  a  short 
time,  as  a  settlement  of  that  kind  would  contain  within  itself  a 
means  of  defense  against  foes.^  In  consequence  of  these  grants 
of  land  given  by  President  Danforth,  in  a  few  years  a  village  arose 
where  before  there  was   an  unhabitable  forest.^      Some   of  the 

*  The  following  letter  from  S.  P.  Mayberry,  Esq.,  to  the  Mayor  and  Aldermen 
of  the  City  of  Portland,  is  of  interest  in  this  connection : 

The  early  records  of  Casco  or  Falmouth,  in  which  your  city  lies,  are  missing. 
There  exists  (with  the  following  exception),  othing  but  tradition  that  there 
were  any  records,  that  I  have  been  able  to  find!  I  have  caussd  a  search  to 
be  made  in  France  in  the  public  archives,  also  in  Canada,  which  we  were  in 
hopes  had  been  taken  to,  by  the  Indians.  Capt.  Nathl.  Fryar  of  Great  Island 
(Newcastle,  N.  H.),  who  was  a  prominent  merchant,  was  employed  by  the  gov- 
ernment to  visit  Casco  after  its  destruction,  and  his  making  no  reference  in  this 
deposition  to  the  loss  of  the  records,  I  am  inclined  to  think  they  were  not  taken 
until  later,  in  the  year  '703.  Historians  have  usually  put  it  down  as  in  the 
Indian  raid  earlier.  I  would  suggest  this  copy  be  placed  in  the  files  of  your 
archives  and  that  a  copy  be  made  on  your  record  books,  as  then  it  will  be  ac- 
cessible to  the  historian,  and  may  lead  to  a  clue  which  will  be  the  means  of 
their  recovery. 

"  The  deposition  of  Capt.  Nathl  Fryar  being  of  full  age  testifieth  &  saith, 
That  some  time  before  Capt  Brackett  of  Casco  Bay  died,  being  upwards  of  Ten 
years  since  I  the  Depont  was  There  and  sd  Brackett  told  me  there  was  a  Record 
belonging  to  Kittery  town,  which  books  he  showed  me  and  I  said  it  was  so. 
And  sd  Brackett  told  me  the  Depont  told  me  that  he  had  it  of  the  Indians,  and 
further  I  know  that  people  of  Casco  did  improve  the  3  books  to  record  matter 
belonging  to  their  town  in  and  farther  I  the  Depont  told  them  that  it  would  be 
necessary  to  returne  the  three  books  to  Kittery  again.  But  I  do  not  Remember 
that  it  ever  it  was,  and  further  saith  not 
Kittery  ye  May  13  1703  Sworn  in  Court 

by  Nathl  Fryer 
Attest 

Elisha  Cook  Clerk." 

The  above  copy  I  made  that  it  might  be  preserved. 

Yours  respectfully, 
Cape  Elizabeth,  Me.,  April  3,  1882. 


S.  P.  Mayberry. 


"Willis,  p.  226. 


'  Willis,  p.  229. 


i6 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


houses  erected  were  at  a  distance  from  the  main  settlement,  but 
most  of  them  were  adjacent  to  each  other,  and  to  Fort  Loyall. 

The  records  of  President  Danforth's  grants  were  as  follows: 
"At  Fort  Loyall  in  Falmouth,  23d,  7  (Sept.  23,  1680).  Granted 
unto  the  persons  whose  names  are  hereander  written,  house 
lots  upon  the  neck  of  land  near  the  Fort.  i.  To  Mr.  Bar- 
tholomew Gedney '  on  the  westerly  side  of  the  cove,  one  lot. 
.  ...  2.  To  John  Ingerson,  one  lot.  3.  To  George  Ingerson, 
one  lot.  4.  To  John  Marston,  do.  5.  To  Isaac  Davis,  do.  6.  To 
Francis  Nichols,  do.  7.  Thomas  Mason,  do.  8.  Samuel  Inger- 
son, do.  9.  John  Skillin,  do.  10.  To  Joseph  Ingerson,  do.  11. 
To  Lt.  George  Ingerson,  do."  These  lots  were  on  the  west  side 
of  Clay  Cove,  on  the  north  side  of  Fore  street,  and  extended  as 
far  as  is  now  Union  street.  The  lots  granted  on  the  east  side  of 
Broad  (now  India  street),  were  as  follows:  i.  To  Daniel  Smith 
the  first  lot  next  to  the  Fort.  This  was  on  the  corner  of  Fore  and 
India,  in  late  years  known  as  the  "Stetson  lot."  2.  To  Wm. 
Clement,  the  second  lot.  3d.  John  Lowell  or  Powell.  Lots  4th 
and  5th  blank.  6th  lot  was  to  Henry  Ingalls,^  and  was  at  the 
head  of  Broad  street.  The  lots  laid  out  on  the  west  side  of  Broad 
street  were  :  To  Capt.  Edward  Tyng,  the  commander  of  the  Fort, 
the  first  lot  (now  the  site  of  the  International  Hotel) ;  to  Henry 
Harwood,  the  second  lot ;  to  Michael  Farley,  jr.,  the  third  lot; 
John  Augustine,  the  fourth  lot.  Lots  granted  against  the  great 
bay  (which  was  the  cove  between  where  Thurston's  ship-yard, 
as  remembered  by  many  of  us,  on  Fore  street,  and  Jordan's 
point  now  the  location  of  the  Portland  Company's  works). 
To  Capt.  Sylvanus  Davis  3  the  first  lot  eastward ;  to  Mr. 
John  Jacob,*  the  second  lot;  Ensign  Nath'l  Jacob,  the  third  lot; 

'  Gedney  was  never  an  inhabitant.  He  was  a  land  speculator  here  and  at 
North  Yarmouth;  he  lived  in  Salem.  He  sold  hjs  grant  to  Silvanus  Davis. 
The  lot  extended  back  to  what  is  now  Newbury  (formerly  Sumner)  street,  origi- 
nally named  Fleet  street;  afterward  Turkey  lane.     (Willis,  p.  226). 

'Two  persons,  Henry  Ingalls,  senior  and  junior,  were  living  in  Salem  in  1696. 
(Willis,  p.  227). 
3  See  notice  of  Capt.  Silvanus  Davis,  post. 
♦A  John  Jacob  was  the  first  deacon  of  the  church  in  Cohassett  in  1721,  an 


;nient,  but 
lOyall. 
s  follows: 

Granted 
en,  house 

Mr.  Bar- 
,   one   lot. 
Ingerson, 
do.    6.  To 
luel  Inger- 
n,  do.     II. 
!  west  side 
xtended  as 
sast  side  of 
miel  Smith 
f  Fore  and 
I.  To  Wm. 
.    Lots  4th 
was  at  the 
ie  of  Broad 
)f  the  Fort, 

to  Henry 

third  lot; 
t  the  great 

ship-yard, 
d  Jordan's 
ly's  works), 
to  Mr. 
le  third  lot ; 

)r  here  and  at 

Ivanus  Davis. 

r)  street,  origi- 

I. 

Salem  in  1696. 

ett  in  1721,  an 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


17 


Robert  Greenough,  the  fourth  lot;  to  Mrs.  Munjoy,  the  fifth  lot.' 
It  was  also  ordered  that  there  shall  be  an  highway  three  rods  wide 
left  against  the  water  side  (now  Fore  street,  in  old  deeds  it  was 
called  Thames  street),  toward  the  meeting-house  (which  was  at 
Jordan's  point).  To  Mr.  Salonstall  for  Meshac  Farley,  the  next 
lot  eastward  to  Mrs.  Munjoy,  also  another  lot  adjoining  Mr.  Salon- 
stal.  These  grants  were  concurred  in  by  the  selectmen  at  the 
meeting  held  at  Fort  Loyall,  Sept.  23d,  1680.  Present,  Lieutenant 
Anthony  Brackett,  John  Wallis,  Lt.  George  Ingerson,  Ensign 
Thaddeus  Clark." '  Thus  was  the  new  town  of  Falmouth  organ- 
ized. 

After  the  inhabitants  had  become  settled  in  their  homes  it  became 
•  subject  of  much  interest  to  them  how  they  should  be  protected 
in  case  of  an  Indian  war.  The  people  themselves  could  not  main- 
tain a  necessary  garrison  at  Fort  Loyall.  The  general  court  of 
Massachusetts  passed  several  orders  concerning  the  same,  as 
follows : 

"At  a  general  court  held  May  11  i68i,  Majo' Pynchon,  Majo' Sauage  and 
Sam.  Nowell  Esq',  w*  Maj'  Pike,  Capt  Sprauge,  Capt.  Wayte  &  Lef  Johnson 
are  appointed  a  comitee  to  inquire  concerning  the  present  state  of  the  Prouince 
of  Majne  &  the  setlemt  of  Fort  Loyall  &  to  consider  what  is  necessary  further 
to  be  doune  for  the  maintenance  thereof  and  to  present  the  same  to  the  Court 
forthw'i^. 

Report  of  the  Committee  was  as  follows : 

"  2d.  For  the  fort  we  apprehend,  needful  that  it  shall  be  con. 

tinued  or  defended,  both  for  the  securing  of  the  people  in  these  parts  against 
Indians,  and  any  bad  neighbors,  and  also  from  the  encouragement  that  people 
take  from  it  to  replant  themselves  there. 

3d.  In  order  to  the  majnteyning  or  defence  of  that  fort  or  place,  wee  judge 
that  there  cannot  be  less  than  thirteen  men  viz.,  captain,  a  serjeant,  a  gunner 
&  tenn  private  Souldjers. 

aged  and  very  worthy  man  (His.  of  Cohassett.)  In  the  war  of  1688  a  person  of 
that  name  was  commissary  for  the  troops  in  Maine.  A  family  of  this  name  was 
implicated  in  the  witchciaft  tragedy  of  vSalem  in  1692.     (Willis,  p.  230). 


His  wife  was  a  daughter  of  John  Phillips,  to  whom  Cleaves  conveyed  his  home- 


'Mary  Munjoy  was  the  widow  of  George  Munjoy  who  came  to  Casco  in  1659. 
daughter  of  John  Phillips 
stead  and  other  lands.    The  name  and  title  of  Munjoy's  Hill  coiaaes  from  that 
source. 

*For  Thaddeus  Clark,  see  post. 


i8 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


4th.  Wee  are  informed  that  the  people  of  that  province  are  ro  Renciblc  iif  the 
benncfit  to  themselves,  that  they  are  willing  to  maintainc  six  private  soldjers. 

5th.  The  remainder  of  the  charge  for  the  captains  Sallcry,  Snrjant  &  gunner 
&  fcnver  souldjcrs  w"'  a  magazine  will  amount  to  fowcr  hundred  pounds  p  anno. 
In  country  jiay. 

6th.  Wee  hope  something  to  ease  this  burthen  muy  be  razed  out  of  th^  b; -it 

trade,  and  from  the  saw  mills,  and  some  other  ways,  which  may  in  a  lit*'  ^  lime 

wholly  ease  the  colony  of  this  present  burthen." 

Signed  John  Pynoion 

in  ye.  name  of  ye  Comitee. 

The  Court  having  pervsed  the  return  of   the  comitee  doe  approve  of  it.  & 

order,  that  Fort  Loyall  be  mayntejncd  at  the  charge  of  this  colony — prouidcd 

that  the  province  majntejne  sixe  Souldjers — and  the  honored  President  (Uan- 

forth)  is  desired  to  take  care  of  it  that  it  be  maintejned  as  little  dnirge  as  may 

be." ' 

October  12,  1681,  the  General  Court  ordered, 

"  1st.  That  Fort  Loyall  a  garrison  necessary  for  the  security  thereof  be  main- 
tejned henceforth  at  the  charge  of  the  province.  3d.  That  the  annual  revenue 
arising  by  the  trade  with  the  Indians  shall  be  allowed  towards  the  maintenance  of 
Fort  Loyall,  the  appointing  the  captain  as  well  as  of  the  other  militia  being  still 
reser''  d  as  the  charter  appoint  in  ye  power  of  ye  chiefe  proprietor.  Further, 
it  '  ordered :  that  the  arrears  of  the  caj^taine  &  garrison  at  Fort  Loyall  be 
forthwith  passed  by  the  president  of  said  province  to  ye  Tresurer  for  payment." 

"  This  order  was  laid  before  the  council  of  the  province,  who 
authorized  the  treasurer,  Captain  Hooke '  of  Saco,  to  pay  Captain 
Tyng  his  salary  as  commander  of  Fort  Loyall,  at  the  rate  of  sixty 
pounds  per  annum  for  himself  and  servant  till  May  following,  and 
to  furnish  necessary  supplies  for  the  garrison.  They  also  ordered 
six  men  to  be  raised  for  the  present  supply  of  the  garrison,  two 
from  Kittery,  one  from  each  of  the  towns  of  York,  Wells,  Fal- 
mouth, Saco,  Scarborough,  and  Cape  Porpus.  In  pursuance  of 
the  grant  of  revenue  arising  from  the  Indian  trade,  Walter  Gendall 

'  Mass.  Col.  Records,  vol.  5,  p.  310. 

'Capt.  Francis  Hooke  of  Saco,  came  from  Kittery.  He  was  a  brother-in-law 
of  Samuel  Maverick,  the  son  of  the  proprietor  of  Noddles  Island,  now  East 
Boston.  Capt.  Hooke  was  one  of  the  magistrates  in  Maine  appointed  by  Massa- 
chusetts in  1665.  He  was  afterward  treasurer  of  the  Province  under  Danforth. 
He  removed  back  to  Kittery,  and  in  1685  was  one  of  the  commissioners  to  make 
a  treaty  with  the  Indians. 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


19 


:nci1)lc  of  the 
e  soUljcrs. 
ant  &  gunner 
lunils  p  anno. 

t  of  the  briT 
n  a  lit^'  i  lime 

(JN 

ye  Cnmitee. 
iprove  of  it.  & 
,ny — prouidcd 
resident  (Uan- 
chargc  as  may 


lercof  be  niain- 
mniKil  revenue 
naintenance  of 
ilitia  being  still 
etor.  Further, 
Fort  Loyall  be 
r  for  payment." 

rovince,  who 
pay  Captain 
rate  of  sixty 
)llowing,  and 
also  ordered 
garrison,  two 
;,  Wells,  Fal- 
pursuance  of 
alter  Gendall 


a  brother-in-law 
sland,  now  East 
)inted  by  Massa- 
under  Uanforth. 
isioners  to  make 


the  Indian  agent,  was  called  upon  to  pay  to  the  treasurer  ;^2o  or 
as  much  as  he  has.  The  whole  garrison  consisted  of  thirteen 
men,  part  of  whom  were  supported  by  Massachusetts."  ' 

The  next  year,  1682,  a  further  provision  was  made  for  the  sup- 
port of  Fort  Loyall,  and  a  tax  was  laid  upon  the  saw  mills  in  the 
Province.  The  following  will  show  the  number  of  mills  and  the 
amount  of  the  tax  : 

"  In  answer  to  an  act  and  order  of  the  council,  made  at  the  last  court  of 
sessions  at  Wclls,^  the  12th  of  April,  1C82,  viz.,  Maj.  John  Davess,  Dej).  I'res., 
Capt.  John  Wincoll,'  Mr.  Samuel  Wheelwright,*  Mr.  Francis  Hooke,  Capt. 
Charles  Frost,'  and  Kdward  Rishworth,'  Recorder,  Justices 

"An  agreement  made  with  Left.  Itrackett  about  keeping  Fort  Loyall  for  a 
years'  time,  beginning  the   24th  of  May,  next  ensuing,    I'rovince   of    Maine. 

*  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  vol.  5,  p.  326. 

'  Hourne,  in  his  Itistory  of  Wells,  p.  185,  says  this  court  was  held  at  Smutty 
Nose  Island. 

'John  Wincoll  of  Newichawanock,  was  one  of  the  magistrates  of  Maine  ap- 
pointed by  Massachusetts  in  1675. 

^Samuel  Wheelwright.  A  prominent  man_in  the  times  in  which  he  lived.  A 
son  of  Rev.  John  Wheelwright,  came  to  this  country  when  young;  was  a  resi- 
dent of  Wells.  In  1666  he  was  ajipointed  judge  of  the  court  of  L.  P.  In  1681 
he  was  one  of  the  pro.  council.  In  1695,  judge  of  probate  and  judge  of  the 
court  of  C.  P.  He  was  a  highly  useful  and  popular  man.  He  died  in  1700. 
His  children  were  John,  Joseph,  Mary  and  Hannah.  (History  of  Wells,  ])p. 
23'.  232). 

'  See  Maj.  Charle.-^  Frost,  post. 

*  I'klwaril  Rishworth.  No  history  of  Maine  would  be  complete  without  a 
sketch  of  this  distinguished  resident  of  Western  Maine.  He  was  born  in 
Lincoln,  England,  came  to  this  country  and  settled  at  Exeter,  where  he  married 
Susan,  the  dau.  of  Rev.  John  Wheelwright.  The  name  was  commonly  called 
Rushworth,  that  being  the  family  name  in  England.  He  removed  from  Exeter 
to  Wells.  During  all  his  life  he  held  important  offices  connected  with  the  gov- 
ernment of  Maine.  He  removed  from  Wells  to  York,  and  for  thirteen  years 
was  its  representative  (His.  of  Wells,  p.  39),  as  also  representing  Scarborough 
in  1659  (Willis,  p.  147).  One  of  liis  children,  Mary,  m.  ist,  Wm.  .Sayward;  2d, 
James  Flaisted.  She  was  taken  prisoner  with  her  two  children  by  the  Indians 
in  the  attack  upon  York  in  1692.  They  were  carried  captives  to  Canada.  She 
was  ransomed  by  Mathew  Cary  in  Oct.,  1695.  Her  two  daughters  remained 
there.  (N.  E.  His.  and  Gen.  Reg.,  24,  289.)  The  "  DUtionnaire  Genealogique" 
quoted  in  N.  E.  His.  and  Cen.  Reg.,  28,  160,  gives  among  the  lists  of  English 
prisoners  taken  to  Canada  ni  following:  "  Mary  Rishworth,  dau.  of  Edward, 
of  Lincoln,  England,  and  h^  ma  (WUbright),  [i.  e.  WheelrightJ,  born  8  Jan., 
1660,  in  York;  m.  ist,  William  Sayer  (Sayward),  2d,  James  IMaisted;  taken  by 
the  Indians  of  Acadia,  25  Jan.,  i6p2,  with  her  two  children,  Genevieve  and 
Mary  Joseph  Sayer,  bapt.  8  Dec,  1^3,  in  Montreal. 

"  Mary  Genevieve  Sayer  (Sayward),  dau.  of  William  and  Mary  (Rishworth), 
born  4  April,  i68r,  called  Sister  des  Anges,  Congregation  of  Notre  Dame,  taken 
in  war  with  her  mother  and  sister;  buried  28  M.irch,  1717,  in  Montreal.  Mary 
Joseph,  her  sister,  born  9  March,  1685." 


20 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


It  is  hereby  mutually  agreed  and  concluded  by  the  council  and  the  representa- 
tives of  the  several  towns  now  assembled  at  York,  as  tne  one  party,  and  Left. 
Anthony  Hrackctt,  as  the  other  party,  of  Casco.  That  for  the  pre  sent  and  more 
easy  carrying  on  and  settling  of  Fort  Loyall,  that  said  Brackett  stands  engaged 
from  the  time  above  mentioned,  to  be  the  sole  officer  taking  the  charge  and  care 
of  Fort  Loyall  by  continual  watch  and  ward,  to  keep  it  as  a  fort  ought  to  be 
kept,  with  all  necessary  supplies  of  men,  six  efficient  men  constantly  during  the 
summer  season,  and  four  men  in  the  winter,  with  sufficient  arms,  ammunition 
and  provisions,  and  what  ever  else  shallbe  needful  for  that  service,  for  the  term 
of  one  whole  year.  In  consideration  of  said  Anthony  Brackett,  his  perform- 
ance of  the  premisses,  the  council  and  t.'ie  representatives,  m  behalf  of  this 
province,  do  promise  and  stand  engaged  in  •  he  province  behalf  to  pay  or  cause 
to  be  paid  unto  said  Anthony  Brackett,  or  his  order,  the  just  sum  of  ;^i6o  in 
money  or  pay  equivalent.  In  order  to  the  performance  of  this  agreement 
to  Left.  Brackett  of  £\(k>,  we  have  calculated  the  value  of  the  mills  in  several 
towns  arising  by  an  indifferent  proportion  as  follows :  Boards  at  30s  per  M. 


MILLS   AT   KITTERY. 


Mr.  Hutchinsons, 

Salmon  Falls, 
Humphrey  Chadboura's,' 
Maj.  Shaplcigh,^ 


'      YORK   MILLS. 

Mary  Sayward's,^ 
Capt.  Nuttache, 


£10 
10 

4 
1. 10 

;^2S.io 


£s 

1. 10 

;^6.I0 


WELLS    MILLS. 

Left.  Littlefield's,     . 
Jos.  Littlefield,      .        ♦    , 
Wm.  Frost's,     .        .        . 
Mousam  Mill, 
Kennebunk  Mill, 


CAPE   PORPUS. 

Phanea  HullV 
Gilbert  Endicott's, 


£a 
2 
I 

.      6 

4 

7^ 


£2 

1 


'Humphrey  Chadbourn  was  one  of  the  assistants  in  the  county  court  held  in 
1663.    (Willis,  p.  154). 

^  Maj.  Nicholas  Shapleigh  was  a  son  o*^  Alexander  Shapleigh,  from  whom 
nearly  all  of  the  name  in  New  England  are  descended.  Alex.  Shapleigh  was  a 
merchant  and  shii>owner,  and  interested  in  trading  establishments  in  Maine  and 
New  Hampshire.  He  visited  this  country  previous  to  1635.  His  son-in-law, 
James  Treworgy,  was  sent  over  as  supercargo.  Nicholas  Shapleigh  was  a  chief 
mar  in  Maine.  He  was  appointed  one  of  the  commissioners  to  run  the  lines  of 
Falmouth  in  1659.  He  was  one  of  the  commission  who  made  a  treaty  with  the 
Indians  at  Casco  in  1678,  and  held  many  other  important  offices.  He  died 
without  issue  previous  to  1683.    (Willis,  and  N.  E.  His.  and  Gen.  Reg.,  5,  345-9). 

'The  daughter  of  Ed.  Rishworth.     See  p.  19,  ante. 

*This  was  Phinehas  Hull,  a  son  of  Rev.  Joseph  Hull.  He  was  a  mill-owner 
in  York  and  Kittery;  was  living  in  1691,  who  according  to  (Savage,  2,  494),  was 
a  sufferer  by  the  attack  of  the  Indians  upon  York,  who  took  his  wife  prisoner, 
Aug.  22,  1690,  and  kept  her  for  their  secretary  until  late  in  the  year  following. 
She  was  one  of  the  ten  English  captives  who  were  redeemed  from  the  Indians, 


sfssmsssoBk 

n 


representa- 
ty,  and  Left. 
lilt  and  more 
nds  engaged 
irge  and  care 
ought  to  be 
ly  during  the 

ammunition 
for  the  term 
his  perform- 
ehalf  of  this 
pay  or  cause 
n  of  ;^i6o  in 
s  agreement 
Us  in  several 
s  per  M. 

.      .      £a 

2 
I 

.       .      6 

4 

7^1 


£2 


court  held  in 

,  from  whom 
ipleigh  was  a 
in  Maine  and 
;is  son-in-law, 
h  was  a  chief 
n  the  lines  of 
eaty  with  the 
es.  He  died 
^eg.,  5.  345-9)- 

a  mill-owner 
:,  2,  494),  was 
vife  prisoner, 
jar  following. 
1  the  Indians, 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


SACO   MILLS. 

Mr.  Blackman,' 
Thomas  Doughty, 

.      £a 

•      5 
£9 

•  BLACK   POINT 
Mr.  Blackman's  mill. 

CASCO   MILLS. 

■    ■  • 

Samuel  Webber's,^      . 
Walter  Gendall's, 

;^2.I0 

6 

"■[''■• 

ai 


•  £i 


£^.io 


Total, 


;^70.I0 


A  new  addition  of  some  other  saw  mills  to  pay  these  rents  is  as 
follows : 


Casco  mill,  Capt.  Silvanus  Davis'  mill  rent, 
Cape-Porpus  mills,  John  Barretts,  40s.    . 

John  Batson's,  30s.  .  . 

Wells,  Jona.  Hammonds  &  W">.  Frost's  mill,    . 
York  mill  being  John  Sayward's  mill,  20s.     . 
Kittery  Spruce  mill,  Mr.  John  Shapleigh, 
Quamphegan  ^  mill  that  is  in  Thomas  Holmes'  hands, 


•  ;•  ;^4 

.  ':■  \V.*'     ■■■■■.         ^ 

-.,.>-r.:  ,:.,:.■''■  ■:.^;;>' 

►'  ,       •   '4 
.  .  6 

;^22.IO 
I 

The  next  year,  1683,  the  General  Assembly  of  the  province  on 
the  petition  of  Henry  Harwood,  discharged  him  from  the  command 
of  the  foot  company  in  Falmouth,  and  empowered  "  Capt.  An- 
thony Brackett  to  take  charge  of  it,  requiring  all  the  foot  soldiers 

Nov.  23,  1691,  at  Sagadahock.  The  Indians  were  very  loth  to  part  with  her, 
because  being  able  to  write  well,  they  had  made  her  serve  them  in  the  capacity 
of  a  secretary.     (Mather,  2,  610). 

'  This  was  Benj.  Blackman  or  (Blakeman),  who  was  an  extensive  proprietor 
at  Saco.  He  was  the  youngest  son  of  Rev.  Adam  Blackman  who  came  to 
Coimecticut  in  1639.  Benj.  graduated  at  Harvard  College  1663;  ord.  1674.  He 
married  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Joshua  Scottow,  of  Boston,  April  i,  167=;.  He  moved 
to  Scarborough  in  16S0;  preached  there;  then  moved  to  Saco,  gave  up  his  ])ul- 
pit  and  became  a  magistrate.  In  1683,  he  represented  the  town  in  (leneral 
Association.  In  1684,  he  purchased  lands  of  J.  Bonython.  He  as  a  justice  of 
the  peace  in  1688,  ordered  Capt.  John  Sargent  to  seize  some  sixteen  or  twenty 
Indians  who  had  been  active  in  former  wars  and  commit  them  to  jail  at  Fort 
Loyall.  They  were  afterward  released  by  order  of  Gov.  Andros.  (Savage,  i, 
194) ;  His.  Saco,  pp.  168,  192. 

*  Samuel  Webber  was  granted  by  the  town  in  1681  "the  falls  which  are  above 
Mr.  Munjoy's  land,  on  Long  Creek,  to  erect  and  set  up  a  saw  mill  &  100  acres 
of  land  adjoyning."  He  sold  the  mill  in  16S5  to  S.  Davis  and  John  SkilJings. 
He  was  also  a  witness  on  the  trial  of  George  Burioughs  in  1692,  at  Salem,  for 
witchcraft,  and  testified  to  his  great  strength.  He  died  in  York  in  1716,  leaving 
a  widow,  13eborah,  and  nine  children.     (VVillis,  pp.  236,  301-2), 

'  Now  called  South  Be/wick. 


\it9k 


22 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


to  obey  him  as  their  captain,  till  further  orders,  and  in  case  said 
Anthony  Brackett  accept  not  thereof,  then  Mr.  Walter  Gendall, 
or  whom  he  shall  appoint,  is  here  empowered  to  take  the  command 
of  the  foot  company  of  Casco  ;  and  all  the  soldiers  therein  are 
required  to  yield  obedience  to  him  or  his  order  as  their  command- 
er during  the  courts'  pleasure."  Gendall  is  also  authorized  to 
take  charge  of  Fort  Loyall  if  Brackett  declined  the  appointment.' 

In  1684,  the  General  Assembly  appointed  Capt.  Joshua  Scottow, 
of  Black  Point,  Capt.  Edward  Tyng,  Mr,  Nathaniel  Fryer,  who 
lived  at  Spurwink,  Capt.  Silvanus  Davis,  and  Mr.  Walter  Gendall, 
**  to  take  charge  of  the  repairing  and  well  ordering  of  Fort  Loyall, 
in  Falmouth,  and  settle  a  chief  officer  there."  And  next  year  they 
order  that  the  fort  "be  appointed  a  prison  or  jail  to  the  four  asso- 
ciate towns,  viz.,  Saco,  Scarborough,  Falmouth,  and  North  Yar- 
mouth ;  and  that  the  several  Justices  in  the  respective  towns  shall 
direct  their  mittimusses  to  the  keeper  of  his  majesty's  jail  at  Fort 
Loyall,  and  there  shall  be  a  committee  appointed  for  ye  settling  of 
said  jail  and  the  keeper  thereof,"  the  charges  to  be  paid  by  the 
common  treasury.* 

In  1684,  the  government  of  Massachusetts  seemed  to  have  some 
very  economical  ideas  respecting  Fort  Loyall  —  for  at  that  time 
the  following  order  was  passed  : 

"  The  surveyo''  geiinerall  is  ordered  to  deliver  vnto  Capt  Edward  Ting  for  the 
use  of  Fort  Loyall  one  barrell  oi  fmvder,  of  the  meanest  of  the  countries  store, 
and  worst  and  the  value  to  be  repajd  by  the  Treasurer,  as  soon  as  the  quit  rents 
comos  into  his  hands." ' 

The  whole  garrison  in  1682  consisted  of  thirteen  men,  part  of 
whom  were  supplied  by  Massachusetts. 

The  following  are  extracts  from  papers  in  the  Massachusetts 
Archives  —  respecting  Fort  Loyall : 

"  Edward  Tyng  petitions  for  a  new  order  for  collecting  mill  rents.  He  says 
'  Whereas  by  an  order  of  Council  Nov.  11,  1686,  all  the  mill  rents  in  the  Pro- 
vince of  Maine  were  granted  him  for  his  care  and  service  at  Fort  Loyall  in 
Casco  Bay  which  he  has  not  collected.' 


J 

< 


'  Willis,  p.  254.        *  Willis,  p.  255.        ^  Mass.  Col.  Rec.  5,  451. 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


«5 


n  case  said 
er  Gendall, 
le  command 
therein  are 
r  command- 
ithorized  to 
)pointment.' 
lua  Scottow, 

Fryer,  who 
iter  Gendall, 
Fort  Loyall, 
;xt  year  they 
he  four  asso- 
,  North  Yar- 
j  towns  shall 

jail  at  Fort 

fO.  settling  of 

paid  by  the 

to  have  some 
at  that  time 

ird  Ting  for  the 
countries  store, 
IS  the  quit  rents 

men,  part  of 
Massachusetts 

rents.  He  says 
rents  in  the  Pro- 
t  Fori  Loyall  in 

SI- 


I 


"  Edward  Tyng's  letter  to  the  council  of  Massachusetts  dated  Falmouth  Sept. 
19,  16S6,  says  'he*is  in  treaty  with  Indians,  fears  Casco  will  be  the  center  of 
trouble.' 

"Richard  Seacomb,  Petition  April  30  1688,  for  mill  rents,  was  employed  in 
1684  one  whole  year  to  take  charge  of  Fort  Loyall,  and  for  compesation  was  to 
have  the  Indian  trade  for  peltry  and  the  rents  of  all  the  saw  mills  in  the  Pro- 
vince of  Maine.  The  most  part  have  not  paid.  Capt.  Hook  tells  me  I  must 
get  an  order  from  your  Excellency." 

I  have  in  a  previous  article  written  by  me  on  the  battle  between 
the  Indians  and  whites,  at  Deerings  Oaks,  in  1689,  referred  to  the 
hesitating  policy  which  Massachusetts  exercised  towards  Maine 
after  its  purchase  from  the  Gorges'  heirs.  That  colony  for  many 
years  did  not  seem  to  be  very  desirous  of  retaining  her  newly  ac- 
quired territory,  at  the  cost  of  a  large  expenditure  by  her  for  the 
ddfei.se  of  the  frontier  against  the  Indians  and  their  ench  allies. 
Their  recorded  acts  in  reference  to  the  support  ot  Fort  Loyall, 
clearly  indicates  that  they  wished  to  impose  all  the  expense  of  de- 
fending it  upon  the  poor  settlers  of  Maine,  who  were,  by  toil  and 
perseverance,  endeavoring  to  sustain  themselves  in  their  rude 
homes  in  the  wilderness.  This  wretched  penurious  policy  of  Mas- 
sachusetts was  the  cause  of  the  disaster  which  befell  Fort  Loyall 
and  Falmouth  in  May,  1690. 

Thus  was  Fort  Loyall  put  into  a  semi-defensive  state,  to  protect 
the  eastern  frontier  towns  against  the  attacks  of  the  savage  foes. 
Capt.  Tyng  remained  in  command  until  he  was  sent  on  an  expedi- 
tion against  the  Indians,  to  the  eastward,  in  1688. 

Capt.  Lockart  was  then  placed  in  command. 

In  the  Hutchinson  papers,  published  in  the  Massachusetts  His- 
torical Society  Collections,  Vol.  i,  3d  series,  page  85,  Sir  Edmuud 
Andros,'  gives  an  account  of  the  forces  raised  in  New  England  for 

*  Sir  Edmund  Andros  was  so  prominent  in  N.  E.  affairs,  that  a  brief  history 
of  him  is  necessary.  He  was  born  in  London,  Dec.  6,  1637,  died  there  Feb. 
24,  17 14.  In  1674  he  was  commissioned  governor  of  New  York,  and  received 
its  surrender  from  the  Dutch.  New  England  having  been  consolidated,  he  was 
appointed  governor-general  in  1686.  His  government  became  very  odious  to 
the  colonists,  and  he  appeared  with  an  armed  force  at  the  council  chamber  at 
Hartford,  in  Oct.,  1687,  and  demanded  the  surrender  of  its  charter,  which  was 
prevented  by  its  concealment  in  a  hollow  tree,  afterward  celebrated  as  the 


& 


TIT 


«4 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


the  defense  of  the  country  against  the  Indians ;  under  the  head  of 
Falmouth  is  said,  "A  fort  in  Casco  Bay,  commanded  by  Capt. 
George  Lockart,  with  his  company,  sixty  men.  The  commander 
seized  and  forces  withdrawn." 

Following  the  example  set  in  Boston,  in  seizing  Sir  Edmund 
Andros,  the  people  at  Casco,  having  no  confidence  in  Capt.  Lock- 
art,  believing  him  to  be  one  of  Andros'  minions,  rose  and  seized 
the  commander.  In  Williamson,  i,  620,  it  is  said,  "some  sus- 
picions had  been  entertained  by  the  Government  (which  succeeded 
Andros),  that  Capt.  Lockart  was  unfaithful,  that  he  had  communi- 
cated with  the  enemy  —  for  that  reason  the  soldiers  were  with- 
drawn ;  but  a  letter  was  written  from  Falmouth  signed  by  Anthony 
Brackett  and  others,  in  which  they  say  he  conducted  with  skill  and 
fidelity  while  at  Falmouth. 

In  the  answer  to  Sir  Edmund  Andros'  "  account  of  the  forces 
raised  in  New  England  for  the  defence  of  the  country  against  the 
Indians,"  dated  at  London,  May  30,  1690,  th ;  following  is  stated 
concerning  Fort  Loyall : 

"  Falmouth  in  Casco  Bay.  A  fort  formerly  built  by  the  Massachusetts  Col- 
ony ;  is  still  continued ;  and  better  furnished  and  provided  than  in  Sir  Edmonds 
time,  Capt.  Lockart  a  reputed  papist  was  by  order  of  the  Council  for  that 
reason  dismist  and  Sylvanus  Davis,  an  Inhabitant  of  that  pl.ice  and  formerly 
commander  of  the  Fort,  in  his  room.  Here  it  was  that  the  Indian  career  was 
stopt,  and  they  defeated  by  the  forces  raised  since  the  Revolution  of  the  United 
Colonies."  (This  refers  to  the  battle  with  the  Indians  and  Church's  troops' the 
year  previous,  1689,  at  Deering  Oaks).     Me.  His.  Soc,  5,  395. 

"  Charter  Oak."  Contemporary  documents,  however,  seem  to  prove  that  no 
such  event  occurred;  that  Andros  really  possessed  himself  of  the  original 
charter,  and  that  a  duplicate  had  been  concealed  some  time  previous.  In  16S8, 
N.  Y.  and  N.  J.  were  added  to  his  jurisdiction,  and  Francis  Nicholson  was  ap- 
pointed lieutenant-governor  there.  A  great  prejudice  existed  against  Andros  m 
N.  E.  on  account  of  his  arbitrary  acts.  During  his  government  he  visited  Fal- 
mouth and  other  places  in  Maine  several  times,  and  was  quite  earnest  in  his 
endeavors  to  suppress  the  hostile  French  and  Indians.  When  the  news  of  the 
revolution  in  England  was  received  in  Boston,  he  was  deposed  from  his  author- 
ity and  sent  a  prisoner  to  Engl.ind,  but  w.is  there  acquitted  without  a  formal 
trial.  In  1692  he  was  made  governor  of  Virginia.  In  1704-6,  he  was  governor 
of  Guernsey.  In  the  Andros  tracts  his  character  appears  more  favorable  than 
former  historians  in  N.  E.  have  generally  regarded  him.  (Amer.  Cyclopedia,  in 
part  I,  488). 


( 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


25 


•  the  head  of 

:d   by   Capt. 

commander 

Sir  Edmund 
Capt.  Lock- 
!  and  seized 
"  some  sus- 
ch  succeeded 
ad  communi- 
s  were  with- 
i  by  Anthony 
with  skill  and 

of  the  forces 
ry  against  the 
'ing  is  stated 


issachusetts  Col- 
in Sir  Edmonds 
Council  for  that 
ce  and  formerly 
ndian  career  was 
m  of  the  United 
inch's  troops'  the 


0  prove  that  no 
of  the  original 
vious.  In  16S8, 
cholson  was  ap- 
gainst  Andros  m 
he  visited  Fal- 

earnest  in  his 

the  news  of  the 

from  his  author- 

ithout  a  formal 

he  was  governor 

favorable  than 
;r.  Cyclopedia,  in 


e 


After  Capt.  Lockart's  retirement,  Capt.  Sylvanus  Davis,  of  whom 
we  shall  speak  hereafter,  took  charge  of  the  Fort,  with  a  greatly 
reduced  garrison.  He  says,  in  a  letter  to  the  Government  of 
Massachusetts,  "that  he  had  but  four  men  in  the  Fort,  with  one 
sergeant,  and  one  gunner,  and  that  he  had  supplied  it  ever  since 
Capt.  Lockart  left.' 

There  are  various  causes  that  produced  the  second  Indian  war, 
called  King  William's  war,  which  broke  out  in  New  England  in 
1688.  In  April,  1678,  a  treaty  of  peace  was  made  with  the  Indians 
at  Casco,  and  an  end  was  put  to  the  relentless  var,  which  had 
been  a  scourge  to  the  eastern  settlements,  and  from  that  time,  an 
interval  of  ten  years,  peace  existed,  and  the  inhabitants  dwelt  in 
safety  within  their  borders  and  the  shades  of  their  own  homes. 
But  all  the  fair  prospects  of  the  settlements  in  Maine,  and  espec- 
ially those  of  Casco,  were  suddenly  overcast  by  the  clouds  of  war. 

Undoubtedly  one  of  the  principal  causes  of  the  renewal  of 
hostilities  was  the  situation  of  affairs  be,tween  England  and  France. 
The  revolution  in  England  which  deposed  James  II,  the  conferring 
the  crown  upon  William  of  Orange  and  his  wife  Maiy,  who  was 
the  daughter  of  the  dethroned  monarch,  and  the  triumph  of  the 
Protestant  party  in  England,  caused  the  commencement  of  a  war 
with  France,  who  espoused  the  cause  of  Legitimacy.^  The  colo- 
nies in  New  England  to  whom  the  name  of  a  Jesuit  was  a  horror, 
welcomed  the  accession  of  William  and  Mary,  and  were  ready  for 
the  conflict  in  defense  of  the  Protestant  succession. 

Another  important  element  was  the   influence   exerted  by  the 

French  Missionaries  and  Jesuit  priests   over  the   Indians.     For 

many  years,  and  ever  since  the  discovery  and  settlement  of  New 

France  by  the  French,  their  missionaries  had  traversed  the  wilds 

of  Maine,  and  had  acquired  an  absolute  influence  over  the  Indian 

mind,   had   won   their  confidence   to   such   an    extent    that    the 

Abenakis  tribes,^  on  the   Kennebec   and   Penobscot,   were   com- 

'  Willis,  p.  276. 

'Louis  XIV  took  up  arms  in  defence  of  legitimacy.     (Bancroft,  3,  175-6). 

'Al)enakis  —  or  Abenaquis.     These  were  the  names   of  a  group   of  Indian 
tribes  of  the  Algonquin  family,  originally  occupying   the   State   of  Maine,  and 


TIT 


a6 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


pletely  under  their  control.  Outside  of  the  few  frontier  settle- 
ments of  the  English,  the  whole  territory  of  Maine  was  occupied 
by  the  Indians,  who  were  the  devoted  allies  of  the  French,  and 
they  implicitly  obeyed  the  orders  that  they  received  from  Quebec, 
or  from  the  Baron  de  Castine,  on  the  Penobscot.  Bancroft  •  says, 
"The  Abenakis  of  Maine  had  been  converted  to  Christianity  by 
the  Jesuit  missionaries  from  France,  as  they  well  understood,  that 
conversion  to  Catholicism  would  establish  these  warlike  tribes  as 
a  barrier  against  the  puritanism  of  New  England,  and  the  en- 
croachments of  the  English.  Thus  for  nearly  fifty  years  France 
had  established  its  outposts  on  the  Kennebec,^  where,  under  its  in- 
fluence, the  savage  tribes  had  become  their  faithful  allies  in  all  the 
wars  in  which  France  had  engaged  with  the  English." 

Extract  from  Paris  archives,  N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  9,  433  -J 

"  The  Abenaquis  *  or  Canibas,  who  occupy  towards  the  coast,  the  country 
above  Acadia,  inland  from  Doagues  or  Mount  Desert  to  the  River  Saint  George 
which  separates  Acadia  from  New  England,  ordinarily  reside  on  the  River 
Quineheguy  and  disperse  themselves  for  the  purpose  of  huntirg  as  far  as  Que- 
bec whither  they  have  been  attracted  by  the  missionaries.  Of  all  the  Indians 
these  are  the  bravest  and  most  formidable  to  the  English.  The  experience  of 
what  they  effected  last  year  by  the  capture  of  Fort  Pencuit  (Pemaquid)  and  16 
palisaded  settlements,  ought  to  be  an  assurance  from  them,  were  they  to  receive 


comprising  the  Canibas  or  Abenaquis  proper,  on  the  Kennebec,  the  Etchemins 
or  Malecitcs,  as  far  as  the  river  St.  John,  and  according  to  some,  the  Penna- 
cooks  on  the  Merrimack,  and  the  Sokosis  west  to  the  Connecticut.  During  the 
early  wars  that  devastated  New  England  in  the  17th  century,  they  adhered  to 
the  F"rench,  \\  hose  missionaries  converted  most  of  them  to  Christianity.  The 
tribes  that  were  prominent  under  the  instigations  of  the  French,  in  the  wars  in 
Maine,  were  those  who  dwelt  upon  the  Kennebec  and  Penobscot.  They  were 
finally  overthrown,  and  their  leader,  Father  Rasle,  killed  at  Norridgewock  in 
1724.  Many  of  them  previously  had  emigrated  to  Canada,  where  two  villages 
still  remain,  bearing  the  name  Abenaquis,  at  St.  Francis  and  Becanour.  1  he 
remnants  now  remaining  in  Maine  are  called  Penobscot  and  Passamaquoddies. 
(American  Cyclopedia,  in  part  i,  19.] 

'*  Bancroft,  3,  136. 

^Letter  M.  de  Callieres  to  M.  de  Seigenlay. 

*On  the  river  Kennebec,  in  the  present  State  of  Maine,  dwelt  the  Abenaquis, 
an  Algonquin  people,  destined  hereafter  to  become  a  thorn  in  the  sides  of  the 

New  England  colonies The  Abenaquis  were  near  the  colonies  of 

New  England  —  indeed  the  Plymouth  colony  under  its  charter  claimed  juris- 
diction over  them ;  and  in  case  of  rupture  they  would  prove  serviceable  friends 
or  dangerous  enemies  to  New  France.    (Jesuits  of  N.  A.,  Parkman,  p.  321). 


71 


DESTRUCTION  OF   FALMOUTH. 


27 


ontier  settle- 
vas  occupied 
French,  and 
rom  Quebec, 
incroft  ■  says, 
iristianity  by 
lerstood,  that 
ike  tribes  as 
and  the  en- 
years  France 
,  under  its  in- 
lies  in  all  the 


3-' 

last,  the  country 
'er  Saint  George 
e  on  the  River 
g  as  far  as  Que- 
■  all  the  Indians 
le  experience  of 
maquid)  and  i6 
:  they  to  receive 

the  Etchemins 
ne,  the  Penna- 
nt. During  the 
ley  adhered  to 
ristianity.     The 

in  the  wars  in 
t.  They  were 
orridgewock  in 
re  two  villages 
Becanour.  The 
^ssamaquoddies. 


the  Abenaquis, 
the  sides  of  the 

the  colonies  of 
r  claimed  iuris- 
viceable  friends 
lan,  p.  321). 


some  assistance  for  the  expedition  on  which  they  can  be  led  against  the  Iro(juois 
in  the  direction  of  Quebec,  and  against  the  English  toward  Acadia." 

Baron  de  Castine,'  whose  romantic  career  in  Maine  is  so  well 
known,  had  his  residence  on  the  east  side  of  the  Penobscot,  in 
the  now  pleasant  town  of  Castine,  then  including  the  whole 
country  called  Pentagonet.  He  married  the  daughter  of  Madocka- 
wando,  the  chief  sachem  of  the  Penobscot  tribe.  His  (Castine's) 
influence  over  the  Indians  was  boundless,  and  he  had  at  his  call, 
when  needed,  hundreds  of  the  trained  warriors  of  the  surrounding 
tribes.     He  constantly,  by  fleet  messengers,  kept  up   correspond- 

'  Haron  de  Castine,  or  Jean  Vincent  de  Castine.  This  distinguished  adviser 
and  leader  of  the  French  and  Indians  in  the  wars  in  Maine,  who  occupies  so  im- 
portant a  place  in  our  history,  was  born  in  the  year  1636,  in  a  town  in  the  Lower 
Pyrenees,  of  a  noble  family.  He  left  his  home  when  fifteen  years  of  age,  and 
joined  the  famous  regiment  of  Carignan  .Salieres.  The  following  year  the  reg- 
nnent  was  transferred  to  Canada  to  protect  the  French  settlers  against  the 
Iroquois.  The  savages  were  reduced  to  submission  and  entered  into  a  treaty 
with  the  French.  The  services  of  the  regiment  being  no  longer  needed,  it  was 
disbaiided.  He  then  came  to  Acadia;  then  subsequently  to  the  Penobscot,  and 
settled  at  Pentagoet,  now  the  town  of  Castine,  where  he  surrounded  himself  with 
Indian  retainers,  over  whom,  with  the  aid  of  the  Jesuit  priests,  he  had  a  great 
influence,  and  became  a  terror  and  menace  to  the  neighboring  English  colonists. 
A  free  adventurous  life  had  great  attractions  to  him.  On  the  surrender  of 
Acadia  for  the  fourth  time  to  the  French  (Charlevoix,  i,  464,  Shea's  Ed.,  in, 
210),  the  governnient  of  that  province  was  conferred  again  on  Chevalier  de 
Grandfontaine,  who  appointed  liaron  St.  Castin  lieutenant,  by  whom  Fort 
Penobscot,  Maine,  was  reoccupied  about  1680  (Paris  Doc,  vii.  214),  where  a 
town  at  present  bears  his  name.  He  married  the  daughter  of  Madocawando, 
sachem  of  the  Penobscots,  by  which  title  he  was  adopted  and  elevated  to  the 
rank  of  chief.     Longfellow  gives  this  description  of  her : 

"  A  form  of  beauty  undefined, 
A  loveliness  without  a  name, 
Not  of  degree,  but  more  of  kind 
Not  bold,  nor  shv,  nor  short,  nor  tall, 
But  a  near  mingling  of  them  all, 
Yea  beautiful  beyond  belief." 

— Atlantic  Monthly,  vol.  xxix.,  334  (1S72). 

T?y  thus  identifying  himself  with  the  savages,  he  became  their  leader,  and  the 
object  of  their  homage,  and  obtained  their  unbounded  confidence.  He  carried 
on  a  large  trade  with  the  Indians  and  English,  and  iccuniulated  a  fortune  of 
three  hundred  thousand  crowns.  He  had  trading  houses  at  Pentagoet  and  Port 
Royal.  He  took  a  leading  part  in  the  wars  against  the  English  in  Maine,  if  not 
always  leading  the  Indians  and  their  French  allies,  he  was  their  counsellor  and 
commander.  After  the  capture  of  Peniaquid  in  which  he  was  one  of  the  French 
leaders,  little  is  known  of  him  except  that  he  became  heir  to  a  fortune  of  ;^5,ooo 
per  year,  and  returned  to  France,  where  he  died,  leaving  a  son  here,  "  Ansclm 
de  .St.  Castin,"  who  is  often  confounded  with  his  father  by  some  historians. 
(This  sketch  of  the  Baron  de  St.  C.istin  is  mainiy  taken  from  the  article  "  Jean 
Vincent  Baron  de  St.  Castin,"  written  by  the  late  Hon.  John  E.  Godfrey  of 
Bangor,  published  in  the  Me.  His.  Soc.  Coll.,  vol.  7,  p.  41). 


28 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


ence  with  the  authorities  at  Canada.  His  hatred  of  the  English 
was  intense,  and  for  the  injuries  that  the  English  inflicted  upon 
him,  he  retaliated  with  a  savage  severity.  The  right  of  the  French 
to  the  territory  east  of  the  Penobscot,  then  called  Acadia,  was 
undisputed. 

New  Hampshire  Pro.  Papers,  2,  46,  47,  give  the  following  ac- 
count of  the  war  with  the  French  and  Indians,  called  "  King  Wil- 
liam's war,"  1688: 

"  The  lands  from  the  Penobscot  to  Nova  Scotia  had  been  deeded  to  the 
French  by  the  treaty  of  Breda,  in  exchange  for  the  island  of  St.  Christopher. 
On  the  east  side  of  the  Penobscot  the  Baron  de  Castine  had  for  many  years 
resided,  and  carried  on  a  large  trade  with  the  Indians,  with  whom  he  was  inti- 
mately connected.  The  lands  which  had  been  granted  by  the  crown  of  Eng- 
land to  the  Duke  of  York,  afterwards  King  James  11,  were  to  the  west  of  the 
Penobscot  river,  and  they  interfered  with  the  Baron  de  Castine,  as  the  Duke 
claimed  to  the  St.  Croix  river.  In  the  spring  of  16^  Sir  Edmond  Andros  went 
in  the  P'rigate  Rose  \o  the  Penobscot,  and  plundered  Castine's  house  and  fort, 
►  Jiving  only  the  ornaments  of  his  chapel  to  console  him  for  his  arms  and  goods. 

.^This  base  action  provoked  CasW^e  to  excite  the  Inclians  to  a  n'  v  war."* 

-'jwAnothei«%:count,  N.  Y.  Col.  Mss.,  4,  476,  says  : 

"  Sir   Edmund   Ancftfe's,  when  Governor  of  New   York,  invaded  them   (the 

*y  ...^^^flowntry  called  Pentagoet,  eastward  and  westward  to   the  river   St.   Croise),  by 

force,  and  took  the  habitation  of  one,  Mons.   St.  Casteene,  a  Frenchman,  who 

thereupon  instigated  the  eastern  Indians  to  make  war  against  us,  with  which  was 

the  frontier  countries  of  New  England,  on  that  side,  have  been  much  infested."  ' 

In  a  memoir  respecting  Canada,  prepared  by  M.  de  Denonville^ 

'  The  new  government  at  Boston  (after  Andros'  deposition),  in  a  respectful 
address  to  St.  Castin,  disclaimed  any  sympathy  with  Andros  in  his  treatment  of 
him,  and  proposed  generous  terms  of  arrangement.  (J.  E.  Godfrey,  paper.  Me. 
His.  Soc,  Coll.  VII,  56.) 

'Andros  was  charged  by  his  enemies  in  New  England  in  1691,  with  "  involv- 
ing the  country  in  a  war  with  the  Indians,  by  meanes  whereof  he  hath  occasioned 
the  Ruine  of  many  Families  and  Plantations,  yea  the  Death  or  Captivity  of  we 
know  not  how  many  Souls,  /''or  he  went  {with  the  Rose  Frigat),  and  violently 
seized  and  took  and  carried  away,  in  a  time  of  peace,  all  the  Household  Goods  and 
Merchandizes  of  Mounsieur  Castcen,  a  Frenchman,  at  Penobscot,  who  was  allied 
to  the  Indians,  having  married  a  Daughter  of  one  of  their  Princes  whom  they 
call  Sagamores  or  Sachems,  and  when  this  was  done,  it  was  easie  to  foresee,  and 
was  generally  concluded  that  the  French  and  Indians  would  soon  be  upon  the 
English,  as  it  quickly  came  to  pass."    (Andros'  Tracts,  i,  118,  11,  50.) 

3  M.  de  Denonville  to  M.  de  Seignelay.  (N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  Paris  Doc,  ix. 
440). 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


•i 


1  of  the  English 
)h  inflicted  upon 
ght  of  the  French 
lied   Acadia,  was 

he  following  ac- 
alled  "  King  Wil- 

been   deeded  to  the 

of  St.   Christopher. 

had   for   many   years 

whom  he  was   inti- 

the   crown   of  Eng- 

!  to  the  west  of  the 

astine,   as  the   Duke 

idmond  Andros  went 

ne's  house  and  fort, 

r  his  arms  and  goods. 

)  a  n'  V  war."* 

:,  invaded  them  (the 
river  St.  Croise),  by 
e,  a  Frenchman,  who 
ist  us,  with  which  was 
seen  much  infested." ' 

M,  de  DenonvilleJ 

ion),  in  a  respectful 
OS  in  his  treatment  of 
;.  Godfrey,  paper.  Me. 

1  1691,  with  "  involv- 
!of  he  hath  occasioned 
h  or  Captivity  of  we 
Frigat),  and  violently 
Household  Goods  and 
ybscot,  who  was  allied 
;r  Princes  whom  they 
s  easie  to  foresee,  and 
)uld  soon  be  upon  the 
118,  II,  50.) 

Man.,  Paris  Doc,  ix. 


in  January,  1690,  after  his  return  to  France,  he  says  :  "The  good 
understanding  which  I  liave  maintained  with  the  Indians  (Abena- 
quis),  through  the  care  of  the  Jesuit.s,  especially  the  two  fathers 
Bigot  (the  Rev.  Jacques  and  the  Rev.  Vincent,  brothers),  con- 
tributed to  the  success  of  all  their  attacks  this  summer  (1689),  on 
the  English  from  whom  they  seized  sixteen  forts  exclusive  of  Pem- 
cud  (Pemaquid),  containing  twenty  pieces  of  cannon,  and  killing 
more  than  two  hundred  of  their  men."  '     .     .     .     . 

Another  important  influence  of  the  King  William  war  was  the 
activity  of  the  governor  of  Canada,  Compte  d'Frontenac,  and  the 
zeal  he  displayed  in  its  prosecution,  acting  under  instructions  of 
the  French  Monarch,  and  a  brief  sketch  of  him  and  his  policy  is 
in  a  historical  view,  of  importance  in  this  connection. 

Count  Frontenac  received  the  appointment  of  governor  and 
lieutenant-general  of  all  New  France  in  1672.  He  was,  says  St. 
Simon,  "  a  man  of  excellent  parts,  living  much  in  society  and  com- 
pletely ruined.  He  found  it  hard  to  beaip  the  imperious  temper  of 
his  wife.  He  was  given  the  governorship  of  Canada  in  order  to 
deliver  him  from  her,  and  afford  him  some  means  of  living.^ 
Frontenac  was  thirty-two  years  of  age  when  he  landed  at  Quebec. 
He  was  a  man  of  action,  his  object  and  desire  seemed  to  be  to 
make  Canada  a  great  nation."  The  jealousy  of  rivals  and  the 
opposition  of  the  Jesuits,  hampered  his  government,  and  caused 
his  recall  from  Canada  in  1682.3 

The  policy  of  his  successor,  M.  de  La  Barre,''  brought  on  a  war 
with  the  Iroquois  Indians,  and  dissatisfaction  with  the  government, 
caused  Louis  XIV  to  recall  him  in  1684,  and  the  Marquis  de  Den- 

'  The  two  Jesuits,  Jacques  and  Vincent  Bigot,  were  the  prime  agents  in  the 
removal  of  some  of  the  Abenakis  tribes  from  Maine  to  Canada  to  the  St. 
Francis  mission.  They  spared  no  pains  to  induce  more  of  the  Abenakis  to  join 
these  mission  colonies.  They  were  in  a  good  measure  successful,  though  the 
great  body  of  the  tribe  clung  to  their  ancient  homes  on  the  Saco,  the  Kennebec, 
and  the  Penobscot.     (Parkman's  New  France,  220,  221). 

^Parkman's  New  France,  11. 

'  Parkman's  New  France,  67. 

*This  gentleman  was  appointed  governor  of  Cayenne,  when  that  island  was 
reduced  by  the  French  in  1664.  He  soon  after  returned  to  France,  and  after 
various  services  to  France  was  made  governor  of  Canada.  He  held  that  office 
1682-5.     (N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  ix,  167). 


30 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


onville  '  assumed  the  vacant  office.  During  his  term  of  four  years 
the  colony  was  brought  to  the  verge  of  ruin,  and  the  king  saw  that 
it  was  necessary  to  make  a  radical  change  in  the  government. 
Louis  XIV  recalled  Frontenac  from  the  obscurity  with  which  he 
had  been  living  in  France,  and  restored  him  to  the  government  of 
New  France.  He  went  back  to  Canada  to  carry  out  the  scheme 
which  Louis  had  become  interested  in  by  the  representations  of 
Callieres,  the  governor  of  Montreal,  who  on  his  return  from 
Canada,  submitted  to  the  French  king  a  plan  for  the  invasion  of 
New  York  and  New  England,^  which  was  to  capture  New  York 
and  to  destroy  the  nearest  English  settlements  in  New  England. 
This  plan  was  accepted  by  Louis,  and  he  embraced  the  project 
with  zeal.  Callieres  was  sent  back  to  Canada  to  make  arrange- 
ments to  carry  out  the  designs.  He  was  assigned  an  important 
position  as  a  leader  in  the  proposed  invasion. 

Frontenac  went  back  to  Canada  prepared  to  carry  out  the  views 
of  the  French  King.^  He  arrived  in  October,  1689.  Among  the 
papers  in  the  archives  in  Paris,  which  are  published  in  the  New 
York  Colonial  Manuscripts,  Vol.  IX,  422,  are  "memoir  to  serve 
as  instructions  for  Count  de  Frontenac,  respecting  the  expedition 
against  New  York,  June  7,  1689. 

"  It  was  intended  to  fit  out  a  naval  force  from  Quebec,  who  should  proceed  by 
sea  to  the  harbor  of  New  York,  there  to  be  met  by  a  land  force  of  troops  from 
Canada,  who  having  captured  Albany,  should  proceed  by  the  Hudson  river  to 
join  the  naval  force  at  New  York.  Another  part  of  the  plan  was  intended  that 
a  naval  expedition  should  be  sent  against  Boston  also,  which  it  was  supposed 
could  be  taken  in  the  same  manner." 

These  expeditions  were  not  fitted  out,  as,  on  the  arrival  of  Fron- 
tenac at  Quebec,  he  found  it  necessary  to  use  all  the  forces  at  his 


'  Marquis  de  Denonville  assumed  the  place  of  governor  of  New  France  in 
168?,  in  place  of  La  Barre,  recalled.  He  had  had  thirty  years  experience  as  a 
soldier,  was  a  pious  colonel,  and  devoted  to  the  Jesuits,  His  administration 
was  unsuccessful,  and  he  left  Canada  iu  1689,  and  was  succeeded  by  Frontenac. 
(Parkman's  New  France). 

*N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  ix,  404. 

*  Parkman's  New  France,  191-207, 


I 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


3« 


m  of  four  years 
le  king  saw  that 
he  government, 
y  with  which  he 
5  government  of 
out  the  scheme 
jresentations  of 
lis   return  from 
r  the  invasion  of 
pture  New  York 
1  New  England, 
aced  the  project 
)  make  arrange- 
led  an  important 

ry  out  the  views 
89.  Among  the 
ed  in  the  New 
nemoir  to  serve 
f  the  expedition 


o  should  proceed  by 
orce  of  troops  from 
le  Hudson  river  to 
ui  was  intended  that 
h  it  was  supposed 


B  arrival  of  Fron- 
the  forces  at  his 

•  of  New  France  in 

ars  experience  as  a 

His  administration 

eded  by  Frontenac. 


disposal,   to   punish   the   refractory    Iroquois,  who  had   captured 
Montreal,  and  threatened  the  safety  of  the  whole  province.' 

The  commencement  of  hostilities  by  the  Indians  against  the 
whites  in  Maine,  began  in  August,  1688,'  by  the  Indians  killing 
cattle  in  the  eastern  plantations,  which  caused  terror  toaprevail 
among  the  inhabitants,  the  knowledge  that  they  were  to  be  assisted 
by  tlie  French  (this  incident  showed  the  perfect  means  of  commu- 
nication which  then  existed  between  the  Indians  and  the  French 
authorities),  caused  them  to  be  insolent  to  the  white  inhabitants. 
In  1688,  Capt.  Edward  Tyng,  who  was  then  in  command  of  Fort 
Loyall,  wrote  to  the  Massachusetts  government,  that  he  was  in 
treaty  with  the  Indians,  but  feared  Casco  would  have  trouble.  I: . 
Saco,  sixteen  or  twenty  of  the  most  prominent  Indians  were 
seized  and  sent  under  a  guard  to  Falmouth,  and  confined  in  Fort 
Loyall.  Gov.  Andros  was  in  New  York  at  the  time ;  as  soon  as 
he  returned  to  Boston,  he  sent  some  troops  to  Falmouth,  and 
in  order  to  have  peace  with  the  Indians,  released  the  prisoners 
(which  was  an  important  measure),  and  sent  Wm.  Stoughton,  Esq. ,3 
a  member  of  the  Council,  to  confer  with  the  Indians,  in  the  hope 
of  preventing  the  war,  but  he  was  unsuccessful  and  returned  to 
Boston.  Shortly  after,  the  first  blood  was  spilt  at  North  Yarmouth, 
where  Capt.  Gendall  •*  and  a  company   of  soldiers  were   attacked 

*  Parkman's  New  France.  ^ 

'  Willis,  272-275. 

^  William  Stoughton  was  born  in  England;  came  here  at  an  early  age;  grad- 
uated at  Harvard;  went  l)ack  to  England  and  studied  at  Oxford;  returned  to 
Mass.,  was  one  of  Andros'  council;  was  lieutenant-governor  under  the  new 
charter,  1695-1701.  He  was  the  chief  justice  in  the  witchcraft  trials  at  Salem, 
and  showed  no  mercy  to  the  unfortunate  victims. 

*  Capt.  Walter  Gendall  was  a  prominent  man  in  the  history  of  Falmouth.  He 
was  an  inhabitant  here  previous  to  1670.  July  12,  1680,  Dominicus  Jordan  and 
others  conveyed  to  him  650  acres  on  Great  Chebeague  Island.  He  was  ap- 
taken  a  prisoner  by  the  Indians  in  the  first  war,  and  became  of  service  to  the 
enemy  as  interpreter  and  messenger.  In  October,  1680,  he  had  a  grant  of  one 
hundred  acres  by  the  town.  He  was  the  Indian  agent  in  i68i.  He  was  ap- 
pointed in  1684  one  of  a  commission  to  take  care  of  the  repairing  and  settling  of 
Fort  Loyall,  and  was  killed  by  the  Indians  at  North  Yarmouth  in  Sept.,  1688. 
He  left  no  male  issue,  and  the  name  died  with  him.  (Willis,  pp.  131,  211,  235, 
250,  254,  273]. 


£. 


3> 


CAPTURE  OK    FORT   I.OYALL. 


by  eighty  Indians.  Capt.  Gendall  was  killed.  John  Royall '  was 
taken  prisoner.  He  was  afterwards  ransomed  from  tlie  Indians  by 
Baron  de  Castine.  Governor  Andros,  on  his  return  from  New 
York,  hoped  by  mild  measures  to  avert  the  impending  calamity. 
On  th(yoth  of  October,  he  released  the  prisoners  confined  at  I'ort 
Loyall,  issued  a  proclamation  to  the  Indians,  requiring  them  to 
deliver  up  their  captives  and  surrender  for  trial  all  who  had  been 
concerned  in  the  murder  of  Englishmen.  These  measures  proved 
of  no  avail.  He  then  raised  a  force  of  seven  hundred  men,  and 
marched  through  the  country  as  far  as  Pemaquid.  He,  as  he 
went,  left  garrisons  in  the  various  towns ;  one  at  Falmouth,  under 
command  of  Capt.  Lockart,  of  which  we  have  previously  men- 
tioned. The  troops  sent  by  Andros  into  Maine  were  nearly  six 
hundred,  sufficiently  strong  to  have  protected  the  frontier.  It  was 
productive  of  no  good  results.  The  activity  of  Governor  Andros 
in  the  defense  of  Maine  in  1688,  was  in  marked  contrast  to  the 
Government  that  succeeded  him  in  1690, 

When  in  New  York,  hearing  of  the  beginning  of  the  Indian 
troubles  in  Maine,  he  wrote  the  following  letter  to  the  Governor 
of  Canada : 

"Gov.  Andros  to  Monsieur  de  Denonvillk.* 

"  New  York,  primas  Octob'  1688 
"  Sir.  this  morning  upon  my  arrival  here  received  advice  of  further  mischeifs 
by  a  party  of  Indians  who  have  lately  killed  and  taken  several  christia.is  at 


'  John  Royall  was  the  son  of  Wm.  Royall,  the  first  of  the  family  in  this 
country,  who  settled  at  Casco  Bay  as  early  as  1636.  In  1644,  he  purchased  of 
Thomas  Gorges  the  point  of  land  on  the  east  side  of  the  river  which  bears  his 
name,  and  on  which  he  then  lived.  In  1673,  he  conveyed  to  his  two  sons,  John 
and  William,  his  land  and  buildings  on  Westcustogo  (Royall)  river.  John  was 
taken  prisoner ;  and  his  house  that  he  left  was  used  as  a  garrison,  by  order  of 
Col.  Tyng.  His  nephew,  Isaac,  who  was  the  son  of  his  brother  William,  was 
born  at  North  Yarmouth  in  1672;  resided  in  Antigua  nearly  forty  years;  re- 
turned 1737;  died  June  7th,  1739.  (Willis,  273,274.)  His  son  Isaac  became 
a  distinguished  merchant  of  Massachusetts,  whose  princely  residence  was  in 
Medford.  At  the  time  of  the  revolution  he  was  proscribed  and  banished.  He 
died  in  England  in  1781.  In  his  will.  Harvard  College  was  given  a  large  tract 
of  land  in  Worcester  County,  which  was  the  foundation  of  the  "  Royall  Pro- 
fessorship." For  an  account  of  the  Royall  family,  see  October,  1SS5,  number 
of  New  England  Genealogical  and  Historical  Register;  also  Old  Times  in 
North  Yarmouth,  Vols.  1-8. 

»N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  iii.,  566. 


lA 


DESTRUCTION  OF   FALMOUTH. 


33 


Royall  '    was 
le  Indians  by 
n  from   New 
ing   calamity. 
1  fined  at  Fort 
ring  them  to 
ho  had  been 
asures  proved 
red  men,  and 
.     He,   as  he 
Imouth,  under 
jviously   men- 
re    nearly   six 
ntier.     It  was 
pernor  Andros 
)ntrast   to  the 

of  the  Indian 
the  Governor 


Octobf  1688 
further  mischeifs 
veral  christia.is  at 

»e  family  in  this 

he   purchased  of 

■  which  bears  his 

is  two  sons,  John 

river.      John  was 

ison,  by   order   of 

ther  William,  was 

forty   years;   re- 

on   Isaac  became 

residence  was  in 

id  banished.     He 

iven  a  large  tract 

the  "Royall    ?ro- 

er,    1885,  number 

.0   Old  Times  in 


CaRco  Hay  necre  Kencbcquc  River,  which  they  had  before  surprizd  and  taken 
several!  others;  and  br.i^ge  of  further  cncouragement.s  and  assistance  from 
Canada,  which  as  itt  occasions  my  speedy  return  to  Doston.  Soc  cannot  omitt 
to  give  you  notice  thereof  by  this  exprese  togeathcr  with  dui)lic.atcs  of  my  former 
of  the  nth  of  August,  by  Mr.  John  Smith,  and  19th  of  September  by  Mr. 
Dcrrich  Wessells,  here  inclosed  not  doubting  but  you  will  take  effectual  order 
that  none  of  your  Indians  doe  come  that  way  to  joyne  with  such  malefactors  and 
disturbers  of  the  |)ublique  peace,  or  any  such  Indians  received  or  sheltered  in 
your  government,  and  desire  that  if  any  cajitives  shall  happen  to  bee  brought 
into  your  parts  that  they  shall  be  frcede,  and  those  that  took  them  be  secured. 

To  THE  GOVR  OF  CANADA." 

Andros  returned  to  Boston,  and  on  the  report  of  the  accession 
of  William  and  Mary  to  the  throne  in  England,  as  he  was  con- 
sidered to  be  in  sympathy  with  the  dethroned  monarch,  he  was 
overthrown  by  a  revolution  of  the  people,  and  confined  as  a  close 
prisoner. 

This  revolution  in  Boston  proved  to  be  very  unfortunate  for  the 
people  of  Maine.  It  relieved  Massachusetts  of  an  oppressive 
ruler,  but  the  effect  on  the  eastern  garrisons  was  disastrous.  As 
soon  as  information  of  the  revolution  in  Boston  reached  the  dif- 
ferent forts,  the  garrisons  revolted  from  their  officers,  abandoned 
their  posts,  and  left  the  province  in  an  indefensible  state.  The 
Indians  soon  found  out  the  situation  of  affairs,  and  during  the 
winter  succeeding  made  preparations  to  vigorously  renew  the  war. 

Gov.  Andros  in  his  report  of  the  administration  to  the  committee 
for  trade  and  plantations,'  which  was  received  in  London,  April, 
1690,  gives  as  his  reasons  for  the  Indian  war,  "that  the  new 
council  in  Massachusetts  under  Governor  Bradstreet,  gave  orders 
for  the  withdrawal  of  the  forces  from  Pemaquid  and  other  garri- 
sons, and  places  in  the  eastern  parts ;  that  the  Indians  were  en- 
couraged and  enabled  to  renew  and  pursue  the  war,  and  by  the 
assistance  of  the  French  who  have  been  seen  among  them  .  . 
increased  their  number ;  that  in  a  short  time  several  hundred  of 
their  majesties  subjects  were  killed    or    carried   away    captive. 


'N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  iii.  724. 


34 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


The  fort  at  Pemaquid  taken,  the  whole  county  cf  Cornwall,  the 
greater  part  of  the  Province  of  Maine,  and  that  part  of  the  Prov- 
ince of  New  Hampshire  destroyed  and  deserted,  and  the  prin- 
cipal trade  of  that  country  consisted  in  a  considerable  fishery, 
the  getting  of  masts,  yards,  &c.,  for  the  supply  of  his  majesty's 
navy  Royall,  and  boards  and  other  lumber  for  the  supply  of  the 
other  West  India  plantations,  is  almost  wholly  ruined." 

In  April,  1689,  hostilities  began  at  Saco.  Dover  was  surprised 
in  June,  Major  Waldron  and  other  inhabitants  killed.' 

AH  the  inhabitants  of  the  settlements  east  of  Casco  Bay  were 
driven  from  their  homes,  and  sought  the  protection  of  Casco  and 
Fort  Loyall. 

Notwithstanding  the  necessity  of  Fort  Loyall  to  the  protection 
of  the  inhabitants,  the  defense  of  it  (after  the  withdrawal  of  Capt.  ' 
Lockart),  was  left  to  the  bravery  and  resources  of  the  inhabitants. 
In  June,  i68g,  Lieutenants  Brackett  and  Ingersol  cf  the  foot  com- 
pany at  Falmouth,  wrote  to-  the  Massachusetts  government  (these 
letters  are  on  file  in  the  Massachusetts  archives),  urging  immediate 
assistance.  They  represented  that  there  were  bat  few  men  in  the 
fort ;  that  they  were  about  worn  out  with  watching ;  that  they  had 
on  hand  but  3  1-2  pounds  of  powder,  24  hand  grenades,  2  1-2  pounds 
musket  shot,  20  balls  for  the  great  guns,  a  small  quantity  of  match, 
about  30  cartridge  boxes  for  small  arms ;  not  one  musket  belong- 
ing to  the  fort,  and  no  provisions.  Capt.  Davis  had  been  supply- 
ing them  from  his  store.*  Subsequently  the  refugees  from  the 
Kennebec  and  other  eastern  places  who  had  been  driven  from 
their  homes  added  to  the  number  of  those  who  were  to  be  pro- 
tected. 

After  Gov.  Andros  was  deposed,  April  18,  1689,  Maj.  Charles 
Frost  was  appointed  by  the  Governor  and  Council  of  Massachu- 
setts military  commander  of  Maine,  as  by  his  commission  as 
follows,  viz. : 


'  Willis,  275. 
»  Willis,  276. 


DESTRUCTION  OF    FALMOUTH. 


^5 


■  Cornwall,  the 

irt  of  the  Prov- 

,  and  the   prin- 

derable  fishery, 

)f  his  majesty's 

;  supply  of  the 

aed." 

er  was  surprised 

ed.' 

Zasco  Bay  were 

on  of  Casco  and 

to  the  protection 
idrawal  of  Capt. 
;  the  inhabitants, 
cf  the  foot  com- 
Dvernment  (these 
irging  immediate 
;  few  men  in  the 
g ;  that  they  had 
ides,  2  1-2  pounds 
uantity  of  match, 
e  musket  belong- 
had  been  supply- 
ifugees  from  the 
een  driven  from 
)  were  to  be  pro- 

59,  Maj.  Charles 
icil  of  Massachu- 
s  commission  as 


'The  President  of  the  Province  of  Mavne  in  New  Engi^and, 

To  Major  Charles  Frost.' 

Whereas  you  are  appointed  Sergt.  Major  o£  the  miliiary  fforces  in  the 
Province. 

These  are  in  their  majesties  names  to  authorize  and  require  you  to  take  into 
your  care  and  conduct  the  said  military  forces,  and  diligently  to  intend  that 
service  as  Sergent  Major,  by  Governing  and  exercising  the  military  forces  of 
said  Province  as  the  law  directeth,  commanded  the  militia  of  said  Province  that 
they  obey  and  observe  all  such  orders  ..nd  directions  as  from  time  to  time  you 
shall  receive  from  the  president  or  other  superior  authority. 

In  Testimony  whereof  I  have  hereunto  put  my  hand  and  seal  the  23^  day  of 
August  in  the  year  1689.  Annoque  K.  K.  et  Regina  Willielmi  et  Mariae,  An- 
glica  primo. 

Thomas  Danforth,  President, 

The  following  letters  are  evidences  of  the  state  of  affairs  at 
Falrr^outh  and  vicinity  at  this  time  : 

"To  THE  Honored  Governor  and  Cottncii, 

from  on  board  the  Ship  Orang  Tree  at  ffalmouth. 
Haveing  bu*^  a  minute  or  two  of  time  now  to  write,  the  vessell  being  at  layld 
by  whom  I  now  send.  Thought  it  my  duty  to  give  you  an  account  of  what  I 
have  noated  down  from  an  Indian  Prisoner  now  on  board  the  ship,  w<="  was 
taken  at  Pcmaquid,  it  being  an  Examination  taken  before  Cap'  Davis  who  is 
now  here  present.  The  Cap'  of  the  Ship  seems  to  be  much  Concerned  for  the 
Good  of  the  English  here,  and  for  that  end  came  hither,  he  is  not  yet  deter- 
mined in  his  mind  whether  to  leave  the  prisoner  here  or  to  bring  him  to  Boston. 
Our  Soldiers  have  begin  to  entjuire  for  Cloathing  Shoes  &  Blankets,  and  if 
you  think  good  to  allow  them  Sumthing  Suitable  to  make  Straw  beds,  our  Cap- 
tain desires  y'  Some  Swan  Shot  may  be  sent,    is  wanting  about  6  m  of  Shingles 

■  Maj.  Charles  Frost  was  born  in  England  in  1632.  He  came  with  his  father, 
Nicholas  Frost,  to  the  Pascataqua  river  at  the  age  of  three  or  four  years.  He 
was  cho.sen  representative  to  the  general  court  of  Mass,  from  Kittery,  when  he 
was  26  years  of  age ;  and  subse(|ucntly  became  prominent  in  all  the  political 
and  military  matters  in  the  western  part  of  Maine.  He  was  one  of  the  assist- 
ants to  President  Danforth  in  the  government  of  Maine  for  six  years.  He  oc- 
cuj)ied  a  high  military  position,  and  was  co.istantly  engaged  in  military  service 
in  Maine  till  1693,  when  he  was  elected  a  councillor  from  Maine  which  office  he 
held  till  his  death.  He  was  the  ancestor  of  nearly  all  of  that  name  in  this  state. 
On  Sabbath  morning  July  4,  1697,  on  his  way  to  his  wonted  place  of  worship  at 
Newichewannich,  a  distance  of  five  miles,  he  was  killed  by  a  party  of  Indians 
who  were  in  ambush  by  the  road  side.  He  was  65  years  of  age  at  the  time  of 
his  death,     (N,  E.  His.  &  Gen.  Reg.,  3,  249-262). 


36 


CAPTURE  OF   FORT  I-OYALL. 


nayled  to  cover  the  Stoar  room  in  the  fort,  also  a  few  single  &  duble  board 
nayles  also  a  pair  of  Smiths  Bellows.  Also  I  would  request  your  honors  to  In- 
temate  to  me  what  allowance  of  Rum  the  Soldiers  must  have  as  yet  I  have  al- 
lowed them  a  pint  among  Six  men  for  each  day  they  are  upon  a  march.  They 
expect  the  same  while  they  lie  still  being  tould  by  Some  here  present  that  Coun- 
try will  all  allow  it,  please  give  me  orders  what  to  do  in  that  case.  Our  pork 
is  most  part  of  it  spent  please  to  give  me  orders  to  Impress  cattle  or  rather 
Send  Suitable  effects  to  purchase  the  dame  w"'''  I  suppose  will  be  cheaper  so 
to  do  I  suppose  Capt.  Phillips  can  Inform  what  goods  are  Suitable  for  this  place. 
Please  to  Excuse  my  rude  brevity,  being  in  haste  remayn 

Your  Honors  humble 

Serv». 
Joseph  Prout.' 
Rec.  Sept.  i8,  1689."  (Vol.  35,  p.  2,  Mass.  Archives). 

"Winter  harbor  in  Saco.  Sept.  y«  20,  1689. 
Hon*  Sirs. 

after  respects  to  your  Honors  these  are  to  give  your  Selves  to  under- 
stand y*  this  day  my  Selfe  and  y"  officers  in  Comission  with  us  and  Some  of  y" 
Gentlemen  of  the  place  takenig  a  Survey  of  the  fort  at  Saco  ffals,  and  the 
lamentable  exposed  condition  of  y«  Inhabitants,  as  also  understanding  y'  y^ 
Governour  and  Convention  had  promissed  thirty  Soldiours  for  the  reliefe  of 
y*  place  of  which  there  is  but  nine  considering  also  what  benefitt  y'  fort  may  be, 
if  not  only  to  y«  place  but  y-^  places  y'abouts.  do  intreat  y*  there  may  be  a  party 
of  about  twenty  or  thirty  able  men  more,  y'  So  y«  fort  may  be  maintained  for  it 
is  a  place  worth  y"'  keeping  (in  it  self)  besides  y"'  other  circumstances  y*'  man  yt 
belongs  to  y"  place  promlseth  to  return  thither  with  his  family  So  <-here  be 
Considerable  Strength  to  keep  it.    Nought  else  at  present  but  your  Honours 

Humble 

Serv'  Geo:  Sweyne.*" 

There  is  not  only  y*  Saw  mills,  but  a  very  Good  grist  mill  and  there  is  not  an 

other  hereabouts,  besides  it  is  their    present  fronteer — pray  pleas  to  lett  M''. 

Sarg'  have  a  speedy  answer  for  we  apprehend  it  very  momentous."     (Vol.  35, 

page  35,  Mass.  Archives). 

'  Joseph  Prout  was  a  commissary  for  the  troops  in  Maine  during  the  Indian 
war.  He  was  the  son  of  Capt.  Timothy  and  Mary  Prout;  was  born  in  Boston 
Feb.  4,  1651.  (Rec.  Com.,  9.)  His  brother  Timothy  purchased  the  Cammock 
Patent  at  Black  Point  in  1728,  a  part  of  which  is  now  called  Prout's  neck 
(His.  of  Scar.,  221). 

'Capt.  George  Swayne  had  the  command  of  six  hundred  troops  sent  by 
Andros  into  Maine  in  1688,  accompanied  by  Col.  Church.  (N.  E.  His.  &  Gen. 
Reg ,  3,  259).  They  accomplished  nothing  anJ  returned.  In  1689  he  was  sent 
from  Berwick  by  Maj.  Frost  with  seventy  men  for  Saco,  Black  Point,  &c.  (N.  E. 
His.  &  Gen.  Reg.,  3,  237). 


I 


I 


i 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


37 


&  duble  board 
ur  honors  to  In- 
s  yet  I  have  al- 
a  march.  They 
esent  that  Coun- 
case.  Our  pork 
cattle  or  rather 

be  cheaper  so 
)le  for  this  place. 

)rs  humble 

Serv'. 

Archives). 


r  Selves  to  under- 
is  and  Some  of  y« 
aco  ffals,  and  the 
derstanding  y'  y° 

for  the  reliefe  of 
att  y*  fort  may  be, 
re  may  be  a  party 

maintained  for  it 
istances  y«  man  yt 
nily  So  ♦here  be 
but  your  Honours 

so:   SWEYNE.'" 

md  there  is  not  an 
f  pleas  to  left  M'. 
mtous."    (Vol.  35, 


during  the  Indian 
as  born  in  Boston 
sed  the  Cammock 
ailed  Prout's  neck 

;d  troops  sent  by 
N.  E.  His.  &  Gen. 
n  1689  he  was  sent 
k  Point,  &c.  (N.  E. 


These  representations  at  length  roused  the  Government,  and  an 
expedition  under  the  famous  Capt.  Church,'  of  King  Philip's  war, 
was  sent  into  Maine.  This  resulted  in  the  battle  that  took  place 
on  the  Deering  farm  in  October,  1689,  between  the  troops  of 
Church,  aided  by  the  men  of  Falmouth,  and  the  French  and  In- 
dians ;  in  which  the  whites  were  victorious. 

Sullivan,^  says :  "This  action,  1689,  was  terminated  in  favor  of 
Church,  and  altho  his  troops  suffered  very  much,  yet  he  saved  the 
town  (Casco),  and  the  whole  eastern  country  by  that  action."  I 
believe  that  by  that  battle  the  State  of  Maine  was  saved  to  Massa- 
chusetts and  the  United  States. 

This  victory  of  Church's  was  the  first  check  that  the  Indians  had 
in  their  victorious  career  during  the  year  1689,  and  in  consequence 
of  it,  they  withdrew  to  their  forest  homes,  and  no  further  offensive 
operations  were  had  during  that  season.  But  the  enemy  although 
for  the  time  subdued  were  not  destroyed. 

The  following  letter  to  the  Governor  and  Council  of  Massachu- 
setts, was  written  by  Silvanus  Davis,  a  few  days  after  this  battle  : 

Ffort  Loyall,  7*,  22f>,  1689. 
Honor*'''''^  Gentlemen: 

I  am  Sensible  with  all  Submission  to  yo'  Honours  of  ye  Grave  Care  in  send- 
ing Releife  to  our  poore  Distressed  province,  as  also  nothing  can  bee  more 
taken  notice  off,  than  thoes  Grate  Smiles  of  providence  that  God  Almighty 
should  soe  order  it,  that  the  worthy  Maj'  Church  &  his  Soldiers   both  white   & 

Black,  their   shood  bee  Just  in  such  Time  of  necessity  the  winde 

6l  weather  Affording  him  a  happy  passage,  allsoe  his  exceeding  Ready  Willing- 
ness and  willing  Readiness  to  serve  their  majestyes  in  this  enterprise  &  Great 
zeal  in  Defending  us  &  offending  the  Enimy  to  his  vttmost  strength  &  power, 
Just  then  Landed  from  sea,  Being  beyond  expectation,  for  on  the   20*  of  this 

'  Maj.  Benj.  Church  was  born  at  Duxbury,  Mass.,  in  1639;  died  at  Little 
Compton,  Jan.  17,  1718.  He  was  engaged  in  several  severe  skirmishes  in  King 
Philip's  war,  and  in  Aug.,  1676,  he  commanded  the  party  by  which  Philip  was 
killed.  Commissioned  in  1689  as  commander-in-chief  of  an  expedition  against 
the  eastern  Indians,  he  proceeded  up  the  Kennebec,  visited  the  forts  in  that  vi- 
cinity, and  rescued  Casco  (in  the  battle  that  took  place  Oct.  21,  1689).  He 
made  four  other  expeditions  against  the  Indians  in  Maine,  doing  much  dam- 
age to  the  French  and  Indians  on  the  Kennebec,  Penobscot  and  Passamaquoddy 
rivers.     (Amer.  Cyclopedia,  IV,  566). 

*  Sullivan,  202. 


38 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


Instant.    Late  in  the  Affternoon  he  landed  him  selfe  &  Immediately  went  on 

board shipe  to  Discover  the  Inglish  wooman  that  they  had  Redemed 

from  the  Indeans  that  by  Discorsing  said  wooman  he  might  know  the  Enimy's 
prossedings,  the  better  to  know  what  method  to  take  in  the  pursute  of  the  En- 
imy,  late  in  the  night  hee  landed  his  men,  that  they  might  not  bee  Discovered  in 
their  landing.  On  the  2i*  we  had  an  allarm  in  the  morning  by  Vertve  of  about 
twelve  firings  on  Cap"  Brackett's '  plantation,  the  enimy  were  discovered,  we 
marcht  out  &  Ingaged  them  about  six  hours,  a  ferce  fight  forced  them  to  Re- 
treate  &  Judge  many  of  them  to  bee  slaine  &  their  numbers  being  Grate,  Judge 
to  bee  between  3  &  4  hundred  &  there  was  Grate  firmness  on  Both  Sides  the 
Enimy  as  their  Custom  have  bin.  Adventured  hard  to  Gett  of  their  slaine  & 
was  harde  in  their  retret  thro  a  swamp  to  Cut  Down to  make  pro- 
visions to  carry  them  of,  (wee  had  some  slaine  &  soom  wounded  which  y""  Hon- 
ors have  a  pertectcler  acctt  of,  had  our  fforces  known  the  Ground  ^  a  sufficient 
supply  of  ammonition,  our  allarm  being  early  in  the  morning  &  their  Landing 
late  ouer  night  we  had  done  more  Execution  on  the  Enimy).  But  nothing  coold 
be  more  don  &  Expected  than  the  worthy  major  &  Comande  performed  both 
in  persons  &  Comandes,  all  soe  the  exceeding  Willingness  both  of  the  Sould- 
iors  &  all  Inhabitance  in  this  attacque  is  to  bee  acknowledged  a  grate  and  un- 
observed mercy.  Gentlemen,  yf  care  for  us  we  Thanke  &  hope  ihat  as  you 
have  undertaken  this  Interprise  you  will  prossecute  it  with  God's  assistance  to 
effect  in  subduing  thoes  who  are  the  Gratest  Enimys  to  God,  his  cause,  us  & 
ou''  peaceable  settlement.  I  have  noe  more  at  psnt,  to  acquants  y'  Honors' 
Take  leave  to  subscrib  my  selfe. 

V  Honors  moste  Humble  Sarvant, 

SiLVANUs  Davis. 
our  souldiers  in  the  forte  are  all  mostly  naked  it  Greiffs  mee  to  hear  ti  _m  Com- 
playne  in  the  night  when  they  are  upon  duty."     (Vol.  35,  p.  5,  Mass.,  Archives). 

The  following  letter  was  forwarded  to  Boston  dated  the  day 
after  the  battle  on  the  Brackett  farm : 

"  Falmouth  7t'»  22"»  1689. 
To  the  Honored  Governor  and  Council 

These  are  to  Signifie  that  I  red  your  Honors  Letter 

pp  M'  Aldens  pt  of  the  goods  &  provisions  I  have  already  reed on  shore, 

the  rest  are  yet  on  board,  being  hindered  yesterday  by  reason  of  an  Ingagdon 
w***  the  Indians  concerning  w«'*  shall  refer  to  letters  from  such  ppsons  who  have 
more  Causes  to  write  than  my  self  hath,  all  the  duffells*  was  delivered  out 

"  This  was  at  the  house  of  Anthony  Brackett,  near  where  the   Deering  man- 
sion is  now  situated. 
»     '  Duffels,  a  kind  of  coarse  woolen  cloth,  having  a  thick  nap  or  frieze.     "  Good 
duffels  gray  and  flannel  fine."    (Wordsworth). 


& 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


3f 


among  the  Indians  before  it  come  on  shore,  by  the  major's  order  as  also  ah  the 
cottons  wr  delivered  among  the  Indians  yesterday  &  this  day  all  the  Shoes 
aiTiong  the  Indians  and  some  of  the  English  and  that  by  the  Majors'  speshall 
comand  as  also  the  Stockings  except  half  a  doz  p"  of  Shoes  and  Stockings  w'^'' 
I  have  privately  preserved  for  Some  who  was  in  most  present  want.  There  is 
great  want  of  Cloathing  among  the  Soldiers  as  blankets,  coats,  wastecoats, 
drawrs,  as  also  some  beds  or  crocos  to  make  Straw  beds,  for  I  fear  some  our 
wounded  men  do  Suffer  for  want  of  warm  lodging,  and  those  who  are  well  do 
expect  Some  thing  of  lodging  for  them  (to  keep  them  well).  Most  of  the 
bullets  as  yet  come  to  hand  arc  musket  bullets  Smaller  are  more  wanted,  great 
wast  is  made  in  our  hurry  for  want  of  a  due  care  in  those  who  put  up  what  is 
sent  in  not  directing  by  mark  and  number  where  to  find  what  is  suteable  great 
part  of  this  Saboth  is  like  to  be  spent  in  makeing  musquet  bulletts  into  Sluggs. 
I  hope  your  Honors  will  send  a  Speedy  supply  of  what  is  needful.  I  have 
written  to  Mr  Thomas  Nicholson  at  Saco  for  him  to  si^  nify  his  wants  wt'' a 
promise  to  supply  him  wt*'  what  I  have  in  store,  but  I  douot  there  will  be  but 
little  left,  by  such  time  as  I  receive  his  answer  It  is  not  possible  for  me  at 
present  to  keep  any  thing  in  my  hands  w'^^  the  Soldjers  wants  for  the  major 
commands  a  supply  for  his  Soldjers  as  far  as  it  will  go.  I  shall  not  further  en- 
large. Saveing  to  noat  in  the  margin  the  several  wants  at  present  in  minde  & 
Subscribe  my  selfe  your  Honors  humble  Serv*. 

Joseph  Prout. 
Memo,  in  the  margin. 

a  pr  of  Smiths  bellows  ;  Shoes,  beds,  coats,  Breeches, 
wastcoats,  drawrs,  blankets,  small  bullets,  Swan  shot.  Some  better  powder  a 
good  quantity  of  stockins."     (Vol.  35,  p.  7,  Mass.  Arch.) 


dated  the  day 


Capt,  Church,  after  the  battle  irx  October,  went  up  the  Kenne- 
bec river,  and  on  his  return,  visited  the  garrisons  at  Scarborough 
and  Spurwink.  He  knew  from  his  experience  in  Indian  warfare, 
that  when  the  spring  opened,  hostilities  would  commence  again. 
The  poor  inhabitants  of  Falmouth  who  had  fought  so  bravely  in 
the  late  battle,  were  also  fearful  that  vengeance  would  be  visited 
upon  them  in  the  spring,  for  the  late  defeat,  and  they  were  anxious 
and  prepared  to  abandon  the  settlement  on  the  return  of  Church 
from  his  eastern  expedition.  He,  however,  persuaded  them  to  re- 
main, assuring  them  that  if  the  Government  would  provide  the 
means  in  the  spring,  he  would  certainly  come  with  his  volunteers 

'Major  Church. 


40 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL, 


and  friendly  Indians  to  their  relief.'  Capt.  Church  did  all  in  his 
power-to  accomplish  his  promise.  He  represented  to  the  Govern- 
ment the  exposed  situation  of  Casco ;  informing  them  of  the  neces- 
sity of  protecting  them  by  sending  them  early  relief  in  the  spring, 
or  suffering  them  to  leave  their  homes,  otherwise  they  would  cer- 
tainly be  destroyed  by  the  Indians  next  spring.  The  answer  from 
the  Massachusetts  authorities  was  "that  they  could  do  nothing  till 
Sir  Edmund  was  goue."^  This  action  of  the  Massachusetts 
Council  towards  the  request  of  Capt.  Church  was  another  in- 
stance of  the  cruel  indifference  manifested  by  them  to  the  poor 
people  of  Casco ;  with  war  right  at  their  doors,  they  could  do 
nothing  for  them,  because  the  Puritan  government  of  Massachu- 
setts thought  more  at  that  time  of  obtaining  a  partisan  victory  over 
those  whom  they  supposed  to  be  the  adherents  of  the  exiled  King 
James  II,  than  they  did  of  preserving  their  own  citizens  from  de- 
struction by  fire  and  sword.- 

Capt.  Church,  however,  before  he  left,  did  all  that  he  could  to 
defend  his  promise  to  the  poor  inhabitants  of  Casco.  He  called 
a  council  of  war  at  Black  Point,  and  the  following  is  the  record  of 
that  Council. 

"Province  of  Maine, 

Scarborough,  the  ii'''  of  Nov"".,  1689. 

At  a  Council!  of  warr  held  rtt  the  point  Garrison  Present  Maj""  Penjamin 
Church,  Capt.  Silvanus  Davis,  Capt.  W".  Bassett,  Capt.  Simon  Willard,^  w"* 
the  Rest  of  ye  Commission  officers  of  Saco,  Fflniouth  and  Scarborough. 

It  is  ordered,  that  one  hundred  there  Majestie's  Horses  now  in  this  present 
Expedition  against  the  coman  Enemies  be  detached  out  of  the  severall  Com- 
panyes  w<'''  s**  numb'  for  ye  security  of  ye  Garrisons  there  Resident  &  in  case 
any  of  ye  Enemie  be  discovered,  or  any  tracks  of  them  be  made  in  this  winter 
season  untill  further  force  be  sent,  that  may  Advance  to  their  head  Quarters. 

'  Willis,  p.  281. 

»  Ibid. 

3  Capt.  Simon  Willard  was  an  experienced  officer  from  Salem,  who  had  been 
stationed  at  Falmouth  (Willis,  p.  281).  He  was  the  third  son  of  Maj.  Simon 
Willard,  who  was  famous  in  King  Philip's  war.  He  was  born  Nov.  23,  1C49. 
He  moved  from  Groton  to  .Salem.  He  died  there,  June  21,  1731.  (Essex.  Ins., 
II,  iQo).  Simon  Willard  was  a  marshal  of  Essex  after  the  overthrow  of  Gov. 
Andros,  and  in  active  service  a  commander  of  a  military  company  in  an  expe- 
dition against  the  eastern  Indians.     (Early  N.  E.  People,  p.  66). 


#P*' 


& 


DESTRUCTION    OF    FALMOUTH. 


4X 


did  all  in  his 

to  the  Govern- 
;m  of  the  neces- 
f  in  the  spring, 
hey  would  cer- 
'he  answer  from 
1  do  nothing  till 

Massachusetts 
vas  another  in- 
m   to   the   poor 

they  could  do 
It  of  Massachu- 
isan  victory  over 
the  exiled  King 
itizens  from  de- 

:hat  he  could  to 
SCO.  He  called 
r  is  the  record  of 


II''' of  Nov'.,  1689. 
ent   Maj""  Benjamin 
Minon  WillarcV  w* 
Scarborough, 
now  in  this  present 

the  severall  Com- 
Resiclent  &  in  case 
nade  in  this  winter 
ir  head  Quarters. 


Jalem,  who  had  been 

ion  of    Maj.   Simon 

lorn   Nov.   23,    1649. 

1731.     (Essex.  Ins., 

overthrow   of  Gov. 

impany   in  an  expe- 

66). 


Souldjcrs  quartered  in  ye  township  of  Saco  twenty  men  in  theire  two  Garri- 
sons. In  the  township  of  Scarborough  twenty  men  in  theire  garrisons,  viz., 
three,  Spurwink  included."  The  council  then  adjourned  to  meet  at  Falmouth 
two  days  later. 

"Ffi.lmouth,  the  13'''  November. 

Att  a  Council  of  Warr  held  in  pursuance  of  w'  is  above  written  by  Maj^  Ben- 
jamin Church  &  the  ofificers  above  s"!  Added  Capt.  Nathl.  Hall,'  Lieut.  Thad- 
deus  Clark,*  Lieut.  Elisha  Andrews,'  Mv.  Elisha  Gallison,*  Lieut.  George  In- 
gersol,'  Lieut.  Ambrose  Davis,  Mr.  Robert  Lawrence,'  Mr.  John  Palmer,' 
&  oth"  &c. 

"  It  is  ordered  that  sixty  souldjers  be  quartered  in  Felmouth  besides  the  In- 
habitants, and  the  .Souldjers  that  shall  belonge  to  the  ffoart,  w"''  shall  be  fifteen 
Souldjcrs  besides  the  Commander  &  Guner  &  ye  Remayner  to  be  sent  to  Bos- 
ton to  be  Ready  to  Returne  Accordinge  to  order.  Itt  is  ordered  that  there  be  a 
Sufficient  Garrison  erect''  about  Mr.  Gallison's  house  for  a  mayne  court  of 
Guard,  Together  with  Mr.  Robt.  Lawrence  his  garrison,  which  two  Garrisons 
are  to  be  supplyed  with  ye  sixty  Souldjers  left  for  to  guard  the  s'^  towne.  Itt  is 
ordered  that  Capt.  Nathan"  Hall  is  to  take  charge  as  Commander  in  chief  of 
those  forces  that  ^e  left  for  the  defense  of  the  Above  s*  three  Towns.  Those 
Souldjers  that  belong  to  ffort  Loyall  to  be  under  the  Command''  of  said  ffoart." 

*  Capt.  Nathl.  Hall  was  from  Massachusetts,  and  was  with  Church  in  King 
Philip's  war.  He  commanded  a  companv  at  the  engagement  here  .Sept.  21, 
1689,  and  did  great  service  and  suffered  the  most  in  loss  of  men.  (Willis,  p. 
278.) 

*  Lieut.  Thaddeus  Clark,  see  post 

'Lieut.  Elisha  Andrews  was  the  son  of  James  Andrews,  who  moved  to  Fal- 
mouth from  Saco  about  1638. 

^Mr.  Elisha  Gallison  (or  Elihu  Gullison).  He  had  command  of  one  of  the 
garrisons  in  Falmouth,  at  the  time  of  the  attack,  called  the  half  moon.  See  post. 

'  Lieut.  George  Ingersol  (or  Ingerson),  was  born  m  t6i8,  was  a  military  officer 
appointed  by  the  Massachusetts  Commissioners  in  1668.  He  owned  lands  at 
Capisic,  and  in  1680  was  grr.nted  a  tract  by  Danforth,  on  the  east  side  of  Ex- 
change street  below  Middle.  At  the  foot  of  E.xchange  street,  a  garrison  house 
was  built,  which  commanded  by  Sergeant  Richard  Hicks,  made  a  spirited 
defence  against  the  French  and  Indians  in  the  four  days  siege  in  May,  1690. 
He  survived  the  war,  and  was  living  in  Salem  in  1694.     (Willis,  295). 

*  Robert  Lawrence.  He  married  (ieorge  Munjoy's  widow.  He  built  a  stone 
house  on  Munjoy's  hill,  near  the  present  observatory,  which  was  used  as  a  gar- 
rison at  the  time  of  the  attack  upon  F'ort  Loyall.  lie  was  killed  in  that  en- 
gagement. His  widow  married  Stephen  Cross,  of  Boston,  for  her  third  hus- 
band, and  died  in  Boston  in  1705.     (Willis,  p.  297). 

'John  Palmer  married  the  eldest  daughter  of  George  Munjoy,  and  lived  in 
Falmouth  from  1680  to  1690.  His  wife  was  the  owner  of  Peaks'  Island,  given 
to  her  by  her  g'-andfather,  John  Phillips,    (Willis,  p.  133). 


42 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


"  Ordered,  That  Lieut.  Rich"*  Hunnewell '  is  to  take  the  charge  and  Conduct 
of  the  twenty  Souldjers  quartered  at  ]?lew-point  Black  Point  &  Spurwink  C.arri- 
sons,  as  the  s'^  Lieut.  Hunnewell  shall  Receive  orders  from  time  to  time  from 
ye  s''  Comandr  in  cheifc." 

"It  is  ordered,  That  Ensign  John  Hill*  is  to  take  the  care  and  Conduct  of 
those  twenty  Souldjers  Quartered  at  Saco  Garrison  as  the  s<i  iMisign  Hill  shall 
Recaive  orders  from  time  to  time  from  his  s"'  Comander  in  chiefe." 

"  It  is  ordered,  that  ye  fforty  Souldjers  posted  at  Saco,  Scarborough  &  Spur- 

winke,  are  to  be  obedient  unto  y"  Comanders  of  ye  several  Garrisons,  where 

they  shall  he  posted,  whilst  in  garrison,  but    to   attend   the  Comands  of  Lieut. 

Hunnewell  &  Ensign  John  Hill,  respectively,  as  they  are  concerned  upon  theire 

Scoutinge  and  marching  out. 

Given  under  my  hand  this  14th  of  Novembr  1689 

By  consent  of  s"*  Councill 

Benjamin  Church, 

Comandr  in  Cheif." 
(Vol.  35,  page  82,  Massachusetts  Archives). 

'  Richard  Hunnewell,  of  Scarborough,  who,  during  the  wars,  was  known  as 
the  Indian  killer.  He  was  distinguised  as  a  bitter  enemy  of  the  Indians,  and 
often  found  occasion  to  show  his  hostility  as  a  ferocious  and  irreconcilalile  foe 
to  the  savages.  He  was  killed  by  the  Indians  in  1713,  and  his  body  horribly 
mutilated.     (History  of  Scarborough,  pp.  144-148). 

*  John  Hill  was  born  in  Saco.  He  was  the  son  of  Roger  Hill,  who  was  the 
son  of  Peter,  who  settled  in  Biddeford,  and  was  admitted  a  freeman  in  1653. 
John  Hill  was  commissioned  as  an  ensign  by  President  Danforth.  He  served 
mostly  in  the  forts  at  Saco,  Wells  and  South  Berwick.  After  Salmon  Falls  and 
Falmouth  were  destroyed  in  1690,  most  of  the  inhabitants  of  Saco  fled  for  pro- 
tection to  Wells.  Lieut.  Hill,  however,  remained  in  the  fort  at  Saco.  He 
married,  Dec.  12,  1694,  Mary,  the  daughter  of  Maj.  Charles  Frost.  In  r699  he 
resigned  his  commission  and  removed  from  Saco  to  Berwick.  (N.  E.  His. 
and  Gen.  Reg.,  12,  139,  258).  Grave  responsibilities  were  placed  upon  him  by 
the  Government.     The  following  is  an  order  issued  to  him  : 

"  Boston,  November  the  3^  1693. 
To  Capt.  John  Hill 

Wee  Having  Advice  from  Majo'  Francis  Hooke  that  their  Majesties  fort 
now  erected  at  Sacoe  Is  made  tenable.  Have  ordered  Him  to  dismiss  the  Sol- 
diers Im])loyed  in  that  service.  Reserving  only  twenty  of  them:  or  soe  many  as 
may  make  up  that  number,  with  such  of  those  parts  as  are  willing  to  be  Im- 
ployed  In  that  serviss.  these  are  therefore  to  order  and  Impower  you  forthwith 
to  Repaire  unto  that  place,  &  then  to  take  the  charge  of  said  fort  &  the  soldiers 
that  shall  be  appointed  by  Major  Hooke  to  keep  that  post,  whoum  you  Are  to 
comand,  order  &  direct  In  their  duty,  watchfuly  &  carefully  to  ])revent  surprise, 
&  In  case  any  attempt  be  made  upon  the  same  By  assault  or  otherwise,  to  make 
the  uttmost  defence ;  and  so  far  as  you  can  you  are  to  Imploy  the  soldiers  under 
yo'  comand  In  the  finishing  of  the  fort  and  Building  &  making  the  Lodgengs 
Convenient,  &  this  untill  you  Have  further  orders  from  His  Excellency  the 
Govourn''  whoe  is  daily  expected  to  Arive  from  the  Eastern  jiarts 

Barth"  Gedney,  }     Comissn™ 
John  Walley,     )  for  ye  Wars. 

If  by  any  accident  supply*  of  provision  should  not  come  seasonable  for  y« 


J.tk 


DESTRUCTION  OF    FALMOUTH. 


43 


irgc  and  Conduct 

Simrwink  (larri- 

ine  to  time  from 

and  Conduct  of 
'Ensign  Hill  shall 
efe." 

Ijorough  &  Spur- 
Clarrisons,  where 
jmands  of  Lieut, 
erned  upon  theire 


IRCH, 

andr  in  Cheif." 


s,  was  known   as 

the    Indians,  and 

irreconcilal^.le    foe 

lis   body   horribly 

fill,  who  was  the 
freeman  in  1653. 
orth.  He  served 
Salmon  Falls  and 
Saco  fled  for  pro- 
ort  at  Saco.  He 
'rest.  In  r699  he 
ck.  (N.  E.  His. 
ced  upon  him  by 

iber  the  2'^>  1693. 

;ir  Majesties  fort 
o  dismiss  the  Sol- 
n :  or  soe  many  as 
willing  to  be  Im- 
iver  you  forthwith 
fort  &  the  soldiers 
houm  you  Are  to 
J  l)revent  surprise, 
Dtherwise,  to  make 
the  soldiers  under 
ting  the  Lodgengs 
is  Excellency  the 
arts 
',  )     Comissn" 

)  for  ye  Wars, 
seasonable  for  y« 


-■J 

I 


The  following  report  of  the  commission  for  the  colony  shows, 
that  within  six  weeks  after  the  battle  at  Falmouth  on  the  Brackett 
farm,  Massachusetts,  notwithstanding  the  representations  of  Maj. 
Church  and  others,  was  endeavoring  to  reduce  the  forces  at  Fal- 
mouth and  vicinity : 

"  The  Commission'^"'  for  the  Colony  having  amended  it  to  the  Governor  and 
Councills,  that  the  souldiers  belonging  to  the  Frontier  Towns,  now  at  any  of  their 
head  quarters,  together  with  all  sick  and  wounded  &  others  unfitted  for  Service 
be  forthwith  dismissed  home.  As  also  the  Troopers  here  or  elsewhere.  And 
case  there  be  not  a  prospect  of  an  opportunity  to  prosecute  the  enemie  that  then 
the  Indians  that  are  upon  service,  and  so  many  of  the  English  Souldiers  as  may 
with  safety  to  the  people  of  the  remote  Plantations  be  spared,  be  as  convenient- 
ly &  privately  as  may  be  reteerned  home. 

It  is  agreed  &  ordered.  That  in  case  there  be  no  prospect  of  pursuing  the 
Enemy  Majo''  Benjamen  Church  Commander  in  chiefe  of  the  forces  abroad  at 
Casco  &  the  parts  adjacent,  with  the  advice  of  his  Commission  officers,  and  the 
officers  and  some  of  the  principal  persons  upon  the  places,  doe  place  a  sufficient 
number  of  Souldiers,  at  such  garrisons  &  out  Plantations  in  those  parts  as  may 
secure  the  same,  and  make  out  a  party  to  offend  the  Enemy  in  case  of  any  at- 
tempt, and  dispose  them  under  suitable  officers,  that  they  may  under  good 
government  &  order,  taking  distinct  lists  of  the  names  &  numbers  of  souldiers 
ordered  to  remayne  in  each  place.  And  the  s*"  Commander  in  chiefe,  and  other 
his  officers  &  Souldiers  as  privately  as  may  b'-e,  draw  off  home  &  be  discharged. 
And  meet  supplies  and  provisions  be  sent  for  the  drawing  off  them  that  are  to 
come  home,  and  to  furnish  them  that  stay  behind. 

past  in  the  affirmitive  by  the  Representatives 

Ebenezer  Prout' Clerk 
Nov  6,  1689. 

Consented  to  by  the  Governo'  &  Councill, 

Is».  Addington,'  Secy. 

Nov.  6,  1689."  (Vol.  35,  p.  72,  Mass.  Archives). 

souldjers  in  ye  majestie's  service,  you  are  hereby  to  furnish  or  cause  to  be  fur- 
nished, what  is  of  necessity  untill  supply*  come  ffor  \v«''  this  shall  be  your  war- 
rant.    Boston  y*  3'!  Nov.,  1693."     (N.  E.  His.  and  Gen.  Reg.  10,  30). 

'  Ebenezer  Prout  was  of  Concord,  Mass.  Was  a  captain,  representative  in 
1685,  1689-92,  and  clerk  of  the  house.  He  died  Nov.  3,  1702.  (Savage,  3,  490). 
He  was  of  the  same  family  as  Joseph  Prout,  before  mentioned. 

"Isaac  Addington  of  Boston.  Born  Jan.  22,  1645;  "*•  '"  1669,  Elizabeth 
Bowen.  Was  a  representative  in  1685,  and  speaker  of  the  house,  and  next  year 
assistant.  Under  the  new  charter  he  was  a  councillor  and  secretary,  and  was 
appointed  chief  justice  in  1703.    He  died  March  19,  1715.    (Savage,  i,  17,  18). 


44 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


The  following  letters  passed  between  the  Massachusetts  govern- 
ment and  the  oflicers  at  Fort  Loyall : 

"  Boston  :  14  Novem*  1689. 
Mr.  John  Alden,' 

Yo"  having  received  on  board  the  vSloop  Mary  where  of  yo"  are  com- 
mander a  recruit  of  provisions  and  farther  supply  of  Clothing  for  the  fforce  at 
ffalinouth  and  other  the  parts  adjacent  yo"  are  desired,  and  ordered  forthwith 
to  sayle  with  the  said  Sloop  Mary  into  Falmouth  in  Casco  Bay,  and  deliver  the 
said  provisions  and  supply"  unto  Mr.  Joseph  Prout  Comissary  upon  the  place. 
And  if  Major  Church  be  not  beforehand  came  away  yo"  are  to  attend  his  order 
for  the  transporting  of  such  of  his  souldiers  English  and  Indian  that  are  to  be 
drawn  off  unto  Plymouth,^  that  belong  unto  that  Colony,  and  so  to  return  unto 
Boston.  If  Major  Church  be  come  away  ere  yo'  arrival!  yo"  are  to  deliver  the 
Letters  directed  to  him  unto  Cap""  Hall  and  the  chiefe  officers  upon  the  place 
and  attend  their  orders  for  the  bringing  off  such  of  the  souldiers  as  are  to  come 
home,  and  the  spare  arms  belonging  to  the  publique  stores  that  are  left  in  the 
magazine  w<='>  Mr.  Prout  is  ordered  to  deliver  unto  you,  and  make  what  hast  yo" 

can  by  return  with  yo'  Sloop  again  to  Boston 

By  order  of  the  Govern'  &  Council, 

I.  A.  S." 
(Vol.  35,  p.  84,  Mass.  Archives).  ^ 

"Boston  14  November,  1689. 
Mr.  Joseph  Prout 

These  accompany  Capt.  John  Alden  in  the  Mary  by  whome 
comes  supply*  of  Provisions  &  Clothing  for  the  Souldiers  that  shall  be  posted  In 
the  several  Garrisons  upon  Major  Church  his  drawing  of  with  the  rest  of  the 
Forces.    As  also  some  goods  for  the  purchasing  of  more  provisions  those  of 

'Capt.  John  Alden,  of  Boston,  was  the  eldest  son  of  John  Alden,  the  noted 
pilgrim  from  whom  are  descended  all  of  the  name  in  the  United  States.  His 
mother  was  Priscilla  MuUins,  whose  romantic  courtship  and  marriage  is  a 
pleasing  history  in  the  traditions  of  Plymouth  Colony.  Capt.  Alden  was  the 
commander  of  the  sloop  Mary,  employed  in  supplying  the  eastern  garrisons 
with  stores,  &c.  He  married  widow  Eliz.  Everill,  a  daughter  of  Maj.  Wm. 
Phillips  of  Saco ;  owned  a  saw  mill,  and  spent  a  portion  of  his  time  there.  He 
was  in  the  expedition  of  Sir  Wm.  Phipps  against  Nova  Scotia  in  1690.  In  1692 
he  was  accused  of  witchcraft,  and  imprisoned  at  Boston.  He  escaped  and  re- 
mained in  concealment  for  some  time ;  then  returned  and  was  bound  over  for 
trial ;  but  the  spell  was  broken,  and  he  and  one  hundred  others  were  cleared  by 
proclamation.  He  died  in  Boston  in  1702.  He  had  six  children.  (History  of 
Saco,  pp.  184-186).     (Drake's  His.  of  Boston,  pp.  499,  500). 

^  Many  of  the  soldiers,  whites,  and  friendly  Indians  came  from  Plymouth 
colony. 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


45 


;husetts  govern- 


4  Novem'  1689. 

;re  of  yo"  are  com- 
g  for  the  fforcc  at 
1  ordered  forthwith 
lay,  and  deliver  the 
ary  upon  the  phice. 
to  attend  his  order 
idian  that  are  to  be 
id  so  to  return  unto 
"  are  to  deliver  the 
cers  upon  the  place 
liers  as  are  to  come 
that  are  left  in  the 
iiake  what  hast  yo" 


cil, 


I.  A.  S." 


the  Inhabitants  an  accompt  where  of  you  will  receive  therewith  from  the  Com- 
mittee. In  the  dis])()sal  whereof  while  you  are  upon  the  place,  you  arc  desired 
to  take  a  paiticular  accompt  and  take  care  that  there  be  a  i)roportioniiig  of  the 
same  to  the  several  garrisons  at  Falmouth,  Saco,  Hlackpoint,  &c.,  according  as 

may  be  most  needed.     And  plased  to  pay  out  of  the  goods  now  sent  unto 

Clois '  of  Falmouth  the  value  of  three  pounds  or  thereabouts  in  i)art  satisfac- 
tion for  the  beefe  taken  uj)  of  him  for  the  use  of  the  army.  Also  please  to  perfect 
and  send  your  accompts  by  Mr.  Alden  of  what  hath  been  taken  up  by  the  soul- 
diers  that  so  their  debentures  may  be  passed.  As  also  send  home  all  the  sjjare 
arms  left  by  the  souldiers  in  the  magazines  belonging  to  the  publique  stores. 
Capt"  Alden  hath  been  detained  here  severall  days  in  expectation  that  Major 
Church  would  have  been  here  before  this  time,  having  information  that  he  was 
coming  by  land,*  but  hearing  nothing  of  him,  the  Council  have  now  dispatched 
Mr.  Alden  yor  coming  away  with  him  was  not  thought  so  convenient  until  the 
garrison  be  settled  there  and  then  some  fit  person  may  be  appointed  to  succeed 
you  whereof  please  to  advise,  that  so  you  may  receive  orders  by  the  next  w""*  I 
shall  labour  to  forward  with  the  tenders  of  respects 

I  am  y'  friend  &  servt. 

I.  A.,  Sec.  by  order 

of  the  Govr  &  Councill." 
(Vol.  35,  p.  85,  Mass.  Archives),  , 


,  November,  1689. 

;he  Mary  by  whome 
at  shall  be  posted  in 
with  the  rest  of  the 
I  provisions  those  of 

hn  Alden,  the  noted 
United  States.     His 
and  marriage  is   a 
;;apt.  Alden  was  the 
»e  eastern  garrisons 
aghter  of  Maj.  Wm. 
his  time  there.     He 
)tia  in  1690.    In  1692 
He  escaped  and  re- 
was  bound  over  for 
hers  were  cleared  by 
lildren.     (History  of 

ame  from  Plymouth 


"To  Isaac  Addington,  Esq. 


Sir 


Falmouth,  9th,  16,  1689. 


Yesterday  in  the  Evening  arrived  the  Mary  the  severall  goods  I  have 
this  morning  rec<*  most  of  them  on  shore  I  could  have  been  glad  if  more  bread 
had  been  sent  for  our  stock  was  .educed  to  a  little  more  than  one  hhd.  as  for 
pease  we  are  quite  out.  I  have  been  and  still  am  endeavoring  to  purchase  what 
Small  ppcles  I  can  get  for  money  or  any  other  pay  of  my  own  that  I  have  to 
make  for  them,  our  meal  was  quite  gone  yesterday,  and  the  Inhabitants  not 
willing  to  bring  any  in  without  some  reddy  payment  upon  w*''  having  a  written 
«rder  from  the  Major.  I  Imployed  the  Constable  to  impress  a  side  of  beef  w'** 
was  on  board  a  shallop  bound  westward  belonging  to  Mr.  Wallace  '  w*'»  he  was 


There  were  three  here 


'  This  was  probably  a  member  of  the  Cloice  family. 
of  that  name — John,  Nathaniel  and  Thomas. 

"This  refers  to  the  return  of  Major  Church  from  the  Kennebec  and  Andros- 
coggin rivers,  where  he  went  against  the  Indians.     (Willis,  p.  280). 

'Wallace.    Several  families  of  the  name  of  Wallis  lived  at  Back  Cove  and 
Purpooduck  Point  at  this  time.     (Willis). 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


careing  to  purchase  cloathing  for  h  ely,  it  coming  about  nine  beaver '  I 

promised  him  that  he  should  be  spi  <y  paid  w*'*'  I  desire  may  be  fulfilled 
when  he  comes  to  Hoston  with  his  boat  for  the  same.  As  for  sending  the  sev- 
erall  of  the  soldiers  by  Mr.  Alden  1  doubt  I  shall  not  be  able  to  accom])lish.  I 
having  been  under  great  disadvantage  by  the  severall  officers  refusing  to  take 
up  for  their  companies  and  to  give  me  a  jjarticular  acct  of  the  same,  w"''  if  they 
had  so  don  I  should  have  lieen  able  before  this  time  to  have  transcribed  such 
accts.,  but  it  has  been  my  work  daily  to  deliver  to  each  man  sundry  trifles  with 
my  own  hand  an  acct.  of  vi'^^  cannot  be  so  soon  Sent  as  desired.  I  suppose  if 
the  Honored  Govr  &  Council  should  see  cause  to  appoint  Capt.  Davis  to  re- 
ceive what  is  left  and  to  Insjiect  and  render  an  acct.  of  the  disposal  of  the  same 
he  would  not  refuse  it,  he  being  the  fittest  man  as  I  know  of.  I  have  not  time 
to  enlarge  being  in  a  greater  hurry  than  your  selfe  can  hardly  be  senseable.  I 
desire  that  either  orders  to  dra\,  l)ills  for  provisions  or  a  more  full  Supply  of 
goods  Ix;  Sent  to  pay  for  them  here.        '^me  fall  shoes  Stockings  mittings  and  I 


doubt  some  more  linen  will  be  wai 
ever  else  may  be  thought  needful  I 


imong  the  soldiers  all  w"**  with  what 

ill  be  sent  by  the  first  opportunity. 
S.     I  am  your  humble  servt. 

Joseph  Prout. 
An  hour  glass  in  this  garrison  is  greatly  wanted. 

Please  to  communicate  what  you  think  needful  of  the  above  s''  to  the  Honored 
Govr  &  Councill." 

(Vol.  35,  p.  86,  Mass.  Archives). 


"  To  THE  Honored  Govr. 

Province  of  Mayn,  Falmouth,  9th  ) 
i8th,  1689.  ) 

Sr  I  reed  orders  by  Mr.  Alden  I  have  done  what  I  could  in  settling 
and  transcribing  the  accts.  of  as  many  of  the  soldiers  as  I  could.  These  belong- 
ing to  the  Falmouth  Soldiers  comidg  by  Capt.  Bas "  though  for  want  of  him 

to  compare  them  and  examine  them  make  me  somewhat  doubtful  about  them 
lest  any  or  particular  should  be  omitted.  Some  of  our  English  Soldiers  accts. 
are  here  Inclosed  with  some  Information  to  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Committee 
about  them  I  hope  it  will  not  be  long  before  I  shall  receave  orders  for  my 
comming  home  where  I  hope  I  shall  be  able  to  give  as  good  an  acct.  of  my 
stewardship  as  the  circumstances  w"**  I  have  been  under  would  admit.  I  sup- 
pose if  the  Council  see  cause  Capt.  Davis  will  be  willing  to  take  the  charge  of 
what  remayns  for  the  stores  for  the  present.     It  will  be  needfull  that  soi.  e  more 

'  I^eaver  skins  were  the  currency  then  used  in  these  times.    They  were  good 
legal  tender. 

'  Probably  Capt.  Bassett. 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


49 


ve  s'>  to  the  Honored 


nes.    They  were  good 


bread  be  sent,  the  corn  w<'''  came  will  stand  in  little  stead  cxcejit  it  can  be 
ground,  w"''  I  doubt  will  scarce  be  done  here.  Some  of  the  soldiers  are  drawn 
and  drawing  of;  what  goods  are  come  I  doubt  will  not  be  enough  to  supply  the 

soldiers  with  clothing but  little  of  it  can  be    .pared   towards  the    paying 

for  or  purchasing  meal,  if  goods  had  come  for  that  end  it  would  have  been  con- 
venient that  I  should  have  had  some  Information  concerning  the  price  of  beef 
what  to  allow  at  au  money,  as  for  pease  I  suppose  the  cheapest  way  will  be  to 
send  some  from  lioston  for  I  can  hear  of  but  few  to  l)e  had  here.  I  have  but 
time  to  Enlarge  but  hope  that  what  is  wanting  will  be  considered  of  and  and 
sent  pr  the  next,  and  at  present  remayne 

Your  Honors  humble  Servt. 

Joseph  Prout. 

I  have  delivered  to  Mr.  Alden  31  small  arms  being  all  yt  1  had  left,  with 
me  of  the  country." 

(Vol.  35,  p.  87,  Mass.  Archives). 

"Falmouth,  21,  1689 
Mr.  Isaac  Adington, 

Sir,  these  may  serve  to  inform  something  of  the  present  State  of  affairs 
here  in  Falmouth.  Those  soldiers  left  here  arc  most  of  them  men  of  III  be- 
havior and  take  little  notice  of  of  their  commander  Especially  since  their  Capt. 
went  home  though  for  my  part  I  am  of  opinion  their  present  disorder  is  the 
effect  of  the  want  of  that  due  method  of  Strict  Government  w"''  they  should 
have  known  before  I  would  not  reflect  upon  any  man  but  I  am  fully  ppsuaded 
that  if  they  are  not  speedily  undr  a  prudent  comander  their  carrage  here  will 
be  dishonorable  to  God  and  to  the  Country  and  unsafe  for  this  Town,  for 
many  of  them  do  often  swear  that  they  will  march  away  home  &  it  is  hard  for 
me  to  keep  any  of  that  supply  of  goods  w"**  came  last  for  the  other  Garisons, 
they  many  of  them  threatning  to  pull  down  the  store  house  and  take  what  they 
please,  I  wish  that  speedy  care  may  be  taken  to  rectify  what  is  amiss  This  day 
some  of  them  were  ppsuaded  to  go  up  to  guard  the  mill  while  corn  is  grinding,' 
and  it  is  intended  to  continue  a  guard  there  (if  pswation  will  do)  untill  a  suffic- 
ient quantity  of  corn  be  ground  for  to  last  the  Town  the  whole  winter,  and  then 
wholy  to  leave  off  grinding  therefore  if  it  so  thought  convenient  to  send  any 
more  corn  here,  move  than  it  be  cheifly  of  Indian,  some  ground  and  some  un- 
ground,  as  also  such  a  quantity  of  bread  as  may  be  thought  sufficient  for  the 
winter  here  are  now  of  Soldiers  and   listed   Inhabitants   seventy  nine  men  in 

'  At  that  time  there  were  no  mills  in  this  vicinity  for  grinding  corn,  except 
wind-mills.  The  location  of  this  mill  is  uncertain,  but  from  the  language  used 
it  may  be  supposed  to  be  on  some  elevated  position.  The  high  land  on  Free 
street  near  the  Anderson  houses  subsequently  had  a  mill  erected  there,  and 
Free  street  was  called  wind-mill  lane.    This  was  probab'v  the  location. 


48 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


this  Town  w«h  eat  of  the  countrys  Ijread,  besides  those  at  Si)ur\vink,  Black- 
point  and  Saco  Some  fall  shoes  are  desired  &  exjjected  by  some  of  the 
soldiers,  as  also  some  stockings  &  some  more  shirt  deaths,  as  also  some  more 
coats,  i)reechcs,  neck  cloaths,  cS:c.  The  w  nt  of  a  compleat  Invuque  of  the 
several  goods  formerly  sent  with   the  jirice  of  each   sort  is  a  great  advantage 

for  wth  out    I    cannot   send    home    the   severall   soldiers   wth nor 

have  the  accts  herewith  of  the  severall  soldiers  to  be  left  with  whom  the 
council  shall  apoynt  too  succeed  me,  when  they  see  cause  too  send  for  me 
home  w''''  I  hope  will  be  speedily.  Wth  due  respects  to  yor  self,  this  is  all 
at  present  from 

Yours 

Joseph  Prout. 

These  soldiers  now  in  the  fort  undr  Capt.  Davis  are  most  orderly  and  under 
the  best  command  of  any  here  and  therefore  I  would  not  be  understood  to  re- 
flect ujion  him  or  those  under  his  charge." 

(Vol.  35,  page  88,  Massachusetts  Archives.) 

1 

Capt.  Simon  Will.ird  was  appointed  to  the  command  of  Fort 
Loyall,  and  the  following  instructions  given  him,  viz. : 

"The  Governour  and  Council  of  the  Colony  of  the  Massachusetts 
Bay  in  New  England 

To  Simon  Willard,  Captain. 

Whereas  you  Simon  Willard  are  appointed  Cajjtain  of  Koot  Souldicrs  de- 
tatched  out  of  severall  Towns  within  the  said  Massachusetts  Colony  for  their 
Majesties  service  was  disposed  and  posted  in  several  Garrisons  at  Falmouth, 
Saco,  Scarborough,  and  other  places  neer  thereto  adjacent  within  the  Province 
of  Mayne  for  the  security  and  defence  of  the  said  places  and  the  Inhal)itants 
thereof  against  the  comon  Indian  Enemy,  who  have  made  open  warr  and  are 
in  act'ial  hostility  against  their  majesties  subjects. 

These  are  in  their  Majesties  names  to  Authorise  and  Require  you  to  take  in 
your  care  and  conduct  ;;1I  the  said  Company  of  souldiers,  and  delligently  to  m- 
iend  that  service  for  the  safeguard  and  defence  of  the  said  places  their  majesties 
subje:ts  and  Estates  there,  against  the  said  Indian  Enemies,  their  aiders  and 
ii  bbettors,  and  so  fight,  take  kill  and  destroy  the  said  Enemies  as  yo"  may  have 
oppertunity.  Leading  exercising  and  ordering  ye  Inferiour  officers  and 
souldjers,  Comanding  them  to  obey  you  as  their  Captain  and  chiefe  Com- 
ander,  and  yo"  to  observe  and  obey  all  such  orders  &  Instruments  as  from 
time  to  time  yo"  shall  receive  from  the  Governor  &  Council  of  this  Colony. 

In  testimony  where  of  the  publique  scale  of  the  above  s"*  Colony  is  thereunto 
aifiAed.    Dated  in  Boston  ye  twenty  fifth  day  of  Novembr  Ann".   Dom.  1689, 


DESTRUCTION  OF   FALMOUTH. 


4? 


Spurwiiik,  r.lack- 
by  sonic  of  the 
also  some   more 

Invoque  of  the 
I  great  advantage 

—nor 

;  with  whom  the 
too  send  for  me 
»r  self,   this  is  all 


OSEI'H  Prout. 

orderly  and  under 
inderstood   to   re- 


■nmand  of  Fort 


Massachusetts 

ARD,  Captain. 

oot  SouUliers  de- 
s  Colony  for  their 
isons  at  Falmouth, 
nthin  the  I'rovincc 
ml  the  Inhai)itants 

open  warr  and  are 

uire  you  to  take  in 
id  delligcntly  to  hi- 
ices  their  majesties 
i,  their  aiders  and 
es  as  yo"  may  have 
riour  otificcrs  and 
and  chiefe  Com- 
nstrumcnts  as  from 
of  this  Colony. 
Colony  is  thereunto 
Ann".   Dom.  1689, 


In  the  third  year  of  ve  Reign  of  our  .Sovereign  Lorde  and  Lady  W"'  &  Mary  by 
the  grace  of  (iod  King  and  Queen  of  Enql"!  Scotland,  ffrancc  &  Ireland,  De- 
fenders of  ye  faith  &c. 

S.  Bradstreet,' 

(Vol.  35,  page  69,  Massachusetts  Archives).  Govr. 

"Instructions  for  Captain  Simon  Wii.i.ard, 
Whereas  you  are  appointed  Captain  and  Chiefe  Commander  of  the  soldiers 
detatched  for  their  Maj""  Service  out  of  the  colony  of  the  Massachusetts  now 
disposed  and  posted  in  severall  Garrisons  at  falmouth,  Saco,  .Scarborough,  and 
other  places  neer  thereto  adjacent  for  the  security  and  defence  of  the  s''  places 
and  their  Maj*"'"*  .Subjects  there  against  the  Comon  Indian  iMiemy  &c. 

"  You  are  to  take  special  care  that  all  your  Souldiers  and  inferior  officers  be 
kept  in  good  order  under  comand ;  and  that  the  worf  hip  of  God  be  daily  exer- 
cised among  them  and  all  pro])hand  .Swearing  and  otlier  vices  and  disorders  be 
Supjuessed  and  duly  j)unished.  You  are  to  order  and  take  care  that  the  .Soul- 
diers posted  in  the  severall  Garrisons  and  inferiour  officers  that  have  the  par- 
ticular comand  of  them  do  carefully  attend  their  duty  in  their  respective  Posts 
in  watching  warding  and  .Scouting  for  the  safeguard  and  defence  of  the  place 
and  their  ninj''^'*  subjects  there  and  for  repelling  the  Enemy  upon  any  attack 
made,  and  upon  notice  of  the  Enemys  approach  to  march  in  a  party  or  partys 
against  them  if  by  the  .advice  of  your  officers  and  the  officers  and  cheife  persons 
of  the  place,  with  y'^  assistance  of  the  Inhabitants,  it  shall  be  judged  you  have  a 
Sufficient  strength  to  send  forth  against  them,  taking  heed  of  being  ambushed 
by  the  Enemy  or  drawn  out  to  engage  them  under  disadvantage  of  numbers  or 
otherwise  so  the  exposing  of  yourself  or  Souldiers.  You  are  to  take  care  that 
there  be  1  Suit.able  and  proportionable  supply  of  provisions  that  are  or  shall  be 
sent  or  disposed  unto  the  severall  Garrisons  where  your  Souldiers  are  posted, 
to  be  comitted  unto  the  care  of  some  faithfull  persons  there  who  may  give  forth 
the  same  as  shall  be  needed  and  at  due  allowance  and  keep  a  destinct  and  par- 
ticular account  thereof. 

"  You  are  to  take  all  opportunity  to  advise  the  Gover<""  and  Coun,;ill  of  all  oc- 
currences with  you  and  of  the  state  and  condi  .    1  of  the  several  Garrisons  and 

w*  supply  be  needed  from  time  to  time 

SiMoN  Braustreet,  Gov^ 

Boston,  2S">  November,  1689. 

Consented  to  by  the  Councill.     Signed  by  their  order. 

Is».  Addinoton,  Secy." 
(Vol.  35,  p.  97,  Mass.  Archives). 

'Simon  Hiadstreet  was  born  in  England  in  March,  1603;  graduated  at  Cam- 
bridge University  in  1624;  came  to  .Massachusetts  with  Winthroi)  in  1630;  was 
chosen  an  .ssistant  .Secretary,  1630-36,  Deputy  (iovernor,  1673-8,  Ciovernor, 
1679-S6,  and  again  after  the  r  .volution  against  Sir  E.  Andros,  16S9-92  died 
March  27,  1697.     (Savage,  i,  1^6).  .  * 


so 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


While  thus  Maj.  Church  and  his  associates  were  preparing  with 
what  limited  forces  that  they  had  at  their  command,  for  the  ex- 
pected contest  in  the  spring  of  1690  with  the  Indians  in  Maine, 
far  serious  troubles  were  arising  from  their  French  neighbors  on 
the  north  against  the  English  in  New  England,  Calhercs'  who 
some  time  previous  had  gone  to  France  to  lay  before  Louis  XIV,^ 
the  project  of  invnding  New  York  and  New  England,  and  destroy- 
ing the  white  settlements  there,  found  in  the  person  of  the  French 
monarch  an  eager  listener.  He  had  espoused  the  cause  of  James 
II,  was  in  a  war  with  England,  and  any  suggestions  of  an  oppor- 
tunity to  inflict  a  blow  upon  the  English  in  North  America  received 
from  him  attention  and  sympathy.  Being,  in  the  fall  of  1689, 
about  to  send  Frontenac  back  to  Canada  as  its  ruler,  he  gave  him 
orders  to  that  effect  to  carry  out  the  plan  of  a  war  with  New 
Engl  and.  J 

Frontenac  arrived  in  Canada  October  12,  1689.  An  extract 
from  the  Paris  Docum.ents  •*  give  the  following  :  "  The  order  re- 
ceived by  M.  Le  Compte  de  Frontenac  s  to  commence  hostilities 
against  New  England  and  New  York,  which  had  declared  for  the 
Prince  of  Orange,  afforded  him  considerable  pleasure,  and  were 
very  necessary  for  the  country.  He  allowed  no  more  time  to 
before  carrving  them  info  execution  than  wa; 


elapse 


iquired 


'Callieres-Bonnevue.  Louis  Hector  de,  governor  of  Montreal  in  1684,  died  in 
1703.     (N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  ix,  743). 

^  Louis  XIV.  called  the  great  king  of  France,  was  born  Sept.  16,  1638,  died 
Sept.  I,  1715.  The  reign  of  Louis  XIV  has  been  styled  the  Augustan  age  of 
France,  and  it  will  certainly  be  ever  illustrious  from  the  splendid  array  of  great 
men  whom  the  king  assembled  around  his  throne.  (Amer.  Cyclopedia,  .\,  pages 
655,  659).  It  was  during  the  reign  of  this  monarch  that  the  important  events 
connected  with  the  settlement  of  New  France,  the  French  and  Indian  wars  of 
the  17th  century,  and  the  attempted  conquest  of  Canada  by  the  English  oc- 
curred. 

3  N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  ix.  423. 

■♦N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  ix.  464. 

'  Count  (Louis  de  Buade)  Frontenac  was  the  Governor  of  Canada,  1672-82. 
He  was  of  a  violent  temper,  and  had  many  quarrels  with  his  associates.  He  was 
recalled  back  to  France  in  1682.  Louis  XlV  sent  him  back  to  Canada  in  1689 
under  instructions  to  invade  New  England  and  New  York.  He  was  governor 
1689-98.  He  repulsed  Sir  Wni.  Phipps  at  the  attack  on  Quebec  in  1690,  and 
his  administration  of  affairs  was  popular.  He  died  at  Quebec,  Nov.  28,  1698, 
iaraeuted  and  beloved.     (Larkman's  New  France). 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


SI 


preparing  with 
id,  for  the  ex- 
ians  in   Maine, 
1  neighbors  on 
Calliercs'  who 
re  Louis  XIV,^ 
nd,  and  destroy- 
n  of  the  French 
cause  of  James 
IS  of   an  oppor- 
Linerica  received 
le  fall  of  1689, 
er,  he  gave  him 
war  with  New 


89 


An  extract 
"  The  order  re- 
imence  hostilities 
1  declared  for  the 
leasure,  and  were 
no  more  time  to 
was  required  to 

itreal  in  1684,  died  in 

Sept.  16,  1638,  died 
I  the  Augustan  age  of 
plendid  array  of  great 
.  Cyclopedia,  x,  pages 
,  the  imi)ortant  events 
;h  and  Indian  wars  of 
ia  by  the  English  oc- 


r  of  Canada,  1672-82. 
is  associates.  He  was 
ack  to  Canada  in  1689 
rk.  He  was  governor 
n  Quebec  in  1690,  and 
Quebec,  Nov.  28,  1698, 


send  off  some  dispatches  to  France.  Immediately  he  determined 
to  organize  three  different  detachments  to  attack  those  rebels  at 
all  points  at  the  same  moment,  and  to  punish  them  at  various 
places  for  having  afforded  protection  to  our  enemies  the  Mohawks. 
The  first  party  was  to  rendezvous  at  Montreal,  and  proceed  towards 
Orange'  (Albany).  The  second  at  Three  Rivers,  and  to  make  a 
descent  on  New  York  or  some  place  between  Boston  and  Orange 
(Albany).  (A  note  says  this  detachment  entered  New  Hamp- 
shire, where  they  burned  a  place  called  Salmon  Falls).  And  a 
third  was  to  depart  from  Quebec  and  gain  the  seaboard  between 
Boston  and  Pentagonet  (Penobscot),  verging  towards  Acadia. 
(This  was  the  party  that  captured  Fort  Loyall).  They  all  suc- 
ceeded perfectly  well." 

Another  account  says  that  "in  the  winter  of  1689-90,  three  ex- 
peditions were  fitted  out  against  the  New  York  and  New  England 
settlements  by  Count  Frontenac.  It  was  done  by  him  to  recover 
the  pres<^ige  he  had  lost  Oii  account  of  the  capture  of  Montreal  by 
the  Iroquois  Indians."  ^ 

From  Montreal  a  party  of  one  hundred  and  ten  French  and  of 
the  Christian  Iroquois  Indians  under  the  leadership  of  De  Manet 
and  Sainte  Helene,^  and  DTberville,'*  the  hero  of  Hudson  Bay,  and 
Bienville  s  as  volunteers,  started  in  the  depth  of  winter  on  the 
expedition  against  New  York.  They  waded  through  the  snow  to 
Schenectady,  which  they  dectroyed  on  the  8th  of  February,  1689. 

'  Orange  was  the  name  which  Albany  was  generally  called. 

'  Bancroft,  3,  182. 

^  Le  Moyne  de  Sainte  Helena  was  one  of  the  sons  of  Charles  Le  Moyne. 

and  in  the  defence  of  Quebec  in 


;r  of  the  attack  upon  Schenectady,  a 
1st  Sir  \\m.   Phipps,  and  was  killed 


.1  at  that  time.     (Parkman's  New 


"vVas  leader 
1690  against 
P'r.uicc). 

*  Sieur.  de  Pierre  Le  Moyne  Iberville,  brother  of  St.  Helene,  was  a  Canadian 
military  and  naval  commander.  He  was  born  in  Montreal,  July  16,  1661 ;  died 
in  Havana,  July  9,  1706.  He  was  distinguished  in  many  engagements  against 
the  English,  including  the  capture  of  Pemaquid  in  this  State.  lie  was  one  of 
the  fou  iders  of  Louisiana.     (Amer.  Cyclopedia,  9,  142). 

'  Francois  Le  Moyne  de  Bienville  (another  brother),  was  a  prominent  French 
military  leader  in  Canada.  He  was  killed  in  a  battle  with  the  Iroquois  Indians 
in  1691.  (N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  ix,  518).  His  name  and  estates  were  given  to  his 
brother,  who  afterward  became  the  governor  of  Louisiana.     (Charlevoix). 


TT 


S« 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


The  horrors  of  that  massacre  are  well  known  as  a  frightful  chapter 
of  our  colonial  history. 

After  the  destruction  of  Schenectady  by  the  French  and  Indians, 
accounts  were  written  by  various  parties  to  the  Governor  and 
Council  of  Massachusetts  giving  information  of  the  same,  and 
that  they  might  provide  against  similar  attacks  upon  their  frontier 
settlements.  Of  a  letter  from  P.  Schuyler,  Dirch.  Wessels,  K.  V. 
Renesselaer,  Convention  of  Albanie,  under  date  of  February  15, 
i68g,  '90,  the  following  is  an  extract : 

"  Now  Gent.  The  Indians  speak  well  yet  we  are  satisfied  by  all  their 
actions  that  they  will  side  with  the  strongest  and  ye  Indians  yt  are  among  the 
f  rench  are  all  of  our  Indian  Relations  So  y'  it  cannot  ^^^  Imagined  that  they  will 
destroy  or  anoy  Therefore  if  their  maj'*'  subjects  doe  not  Rise  like  one  only 
man  against  ye  french  there  Maj*®'  Interests  in  these  parts  will  be  Destroyed 
and  they  once  being  Rooted  out  all  y"  Evills  which  spring  from  them  as  the 
fountain  will  B  quashed,  the  Longer  we  stay  the  worst  it  will  B.  for  we  must  doe 
it  at  last  and  then  probably  after  we  have  lost  many  hundreds  of  our  people 
which  would  be  fit  to  help  in  such  an  Expedition  we  have  felt  the  Smart  of  that 
nation  —  and  Pray  God  our  neighbors  may  not  come  to  same  Disaster  we  ai 
Satisfyed  they  did  not  design  to  destroy  Shinnechtady  but  all  ourout  Plantations 
but  fynding  them  so  secure  sett  upon  them  &  left  the  others  untoucht,  thinking 
they  could  never  Escape  there  Cruelties. 

Dear  neighbours  and  friends 
we  must  acquaint  y'  y'  never  Poor  People  in  y«  world  was  in  a  worse  Condition 
than  we  are  now  at  Presient.    no  governour  nor  Command""  no  money. 
We  have  here  Plainly  laid  y^  case  before  you,  and  doubt  not  you  will  take  it  to 
heart  and  make  all  readiness  in  y«  Spring  to  Invade  Canada  by  water." 

(Vol.  35,  p.  245,  Mass.  Archives). 

The  following  was  the  reply  from  the  Governor  and  Council 
of  Massachusetts : 

"  Hond  Gent.  Boston,  27">  February,  1689,  '90. 

Yo'  of  the  1 5"'  instant  bringing  the  sad  and  Solemn  news  of  the  desolation  of 
Schicinectedy  and  the  barbarous  cruelties  exercised  towards  the  people  of  that 
place  came  to  hand  on  Munday  the  24'h  of  this  instant,  which  is  ri  loud  Alarm 
to  the  whole  country  to  make  all  meet  preparation  to  put  themselve.';  in  a  posture 
of    defenge.      The  Government  here   have   had   before    them    the    consider- 


( 


"TT 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH, 


53 


'rightful  chapter 

ich  and  Indians, 
Governor  and 
the   same,   and 

on  their  frontier 

.  Wessels,  K.  V. 

of  February  15, 


jt.isfied  by  all  their 
ns  yt  are  among  the 
igined  that  they  will 
it  Rise  like  one  only 
ts  will  be  Destroyed 
ng  from  them  as  the 
11  B.  for  we  must  doe 
idreds  of  our  people 
elt  the  Smart  of  that 
me  Disaster  we  art- 
11  ourout  Plantations 
rs  untoucht,  thinking 

ighbours  and  friends 
in  a  worse  Condition 
no  money. 

lot  you  will  take  it  to 
a  by  water." 


rnor  and  Council 


February,  1689,  '90. 
•s  of  the  desolation  of 
rds  the  people  of  that 
dich  is  .'I  loud  Alarm 
lemselves  in  a  posture 
them    the    consider- 


ation of  an  Expedition  against  the  French  in  the  Eastern  Par.s,'  And  have  con- 
sented to  several!  propositions  for  the  Encouragement  of  such  as  shall  undertake 
the  charge  of  carrying  on  the  same,  divers  considerable  gentlemen  offering  to 
advance  towards  it.  And  hope  that  something  will  beesoon  brought  to  Effect 
in  that  matter;  the  people  here  seeming  to  be  greatly  spirited  therein.  It  is 
very  unhappy  that  the  animosities  and  divisions  amongst  the  people  in  yo<'  parts 
and  refusing  to  subject  to  any  order  should  make  them  careless  and  neglective 
of  their  duty  for  their  own  security  and  to  expose  themselves  thereby  to  the  in- 
cursion of  the  Enemy.  Its  hoped  this  sad  providence  will  awaken  them  that 
are  yet  untacked  to  unite  for  the  comon  safety,  and  to  make  provision  accord- 
ingly, and  be  very  diligent  in  their  watches  to  prevent  a  surprise.  Should  the 
French  gain  any  more  such  advantages  it  is  to  be  feared  that  it  would  further 
their  Jesuitical  insinuations  with  the  Indians  and  draw  them  to  their  side  when 
they  see  their  Success  and  observe  the  security  and  divisions  that  are  among 
the  English  yo"  care  and  endeavors  to  hold  the  Indians  to  their  promises  and 
covenant  lately  renewed  may  by  no  means  be  wanting  at  this  time.  And  it  will 
highly  concern  the  English  of  those  Colony",  and  those  of  New  Yorke  and 
Maryland,  &c  were  to  maintain  a  good  correspondence  and  intelligence  at  this 
critical  time  and  to  unite  against  a  comon  Enemy.  In  which  we  shall  not  be 
wanting  on  our  part  as  occasion  shall  offer.  Wee  thank  you  for  y"®  care  in  the 
Speedy  Intelligence  and  notice  given  of  the  danger  to  the  upper  Towns  of  this 
Colony.  And  desire  the  further  communication  from  time  to  time  of  what  may 
occur  for  their  Maj'"''*  service.  Comending  you  to  the  gracious  protection  of 
the  Almighty  . 

Subscribe  Gent :  y^  Friends  and  Servants  the  Governou'  and  Council  of  their 
Maj'i'^"  Colony  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay 

Signed  by  their  order." 

(Vol.  35,  pages  277-278,  Mass.  Archives). 

Preparations  were  made  for  the  attack  upon  Nova  Scotia,  the 
government  deeming  that  to  be  the  way  to  defend  Maine. 

"Capt.  Nathanael  Green,*  m^  Richard  Middlexot,  Nathaniel  Oliver  Esq., 
Andrew  Belcher  and  Capt.  Samuel  Legg  are  desired  and  appointed  a  Comittee 
to  consult  and  devise  what  may  be  necessary  of  a  Shiping  Provision  and  Amu- 
nition  and  other  stores  to  accomodate  the  Expedition  ag'  the  French  at  Nova 

'  This  undoubtedly  referred  to  the  proposed  expedition  of  Sir  Wm.  Phipps. 

"  The  oldest  gravestone  in  the  Eastern  Cemetery  upon  which  there  is  any 
legible  inscription,  has  the  following,  viz. :  "  Here  lyes  ye  body  of  Mrs.  Mary 
Greene,  ye  Dau""  of  Capt  Nathanael  and  Mrs  Mary  Green  of  Boston,  aged  54 
years.    ugcA  May  y«  23,  17 17." 


14 


CAPTURE  OF   FORT  LOYALL. 


Scotia  and  L'Acadie  and  make  provision  accordingly  with  all  speed.     And  re- 
port the  same  to  this  Court  • 
Voted  by  the  deputies  in  y«  affirmative. 

pf  order       Joseph  Lynde. 
Consented  to  by  the  magistrates 

Is".  Addington,  Secy." 

(Vol.  35,  p.  314,  Mass.  Archives). 


Another  party  started  from  Three  Rivers  on  the  28th  of  January, 
who  were  commanded  by  Francois  Hertel,'  and  his  nephew,  Sieur 
Gastineau,  as  lieutenant.  It  consisted  of  twenty-four  French, 
twenty  Abenakis  of  the  Sokokis  band,  and  five  Algonquins.  The 
notorious  Hopegood  *  was  in  command  of  the  Indians.  After  two 
months  of  extreme  hardship  they  reached  the  little  stream  that 
separates  Maine  from  New  Hampshire,  on  the  night  of  the  27th 
of  March,  1690.  They  lay  hidden  in  the  forests  that  bordered  the 
farms  and  clearings  of  Salmon  Falls.  After  midnight  while  the 
inhabitants  were  asleep,  they  made  their  attack,  burning  houses, 
killing  cattle,  murdering  many  of  the  inhabitants,  and  taking  some 
captives.  While  in  the  midst  of  their  murderous  career  two 
Indian  scouts  brought  news  that  a  force  of  English  were  advanc- 
ing from  Portsmouth.  Hertel  then,  with  his  captives,  some  of 
whom  were  murdered  on  the  way,  began  his  retreat.     After  some 

'  Francois  Hertel  (Artel)  lived  at  Three  Rivers,  was  one  of  the  officers  of  the 
colony,  and  had  command  of  important  expeditions  against  the  English.  He 
was  ennobled  by  the  king  in  1691  ;  was  killed  in  the  attack  upon  Haverhill,  Aug. 
29,  1708.     (N.  Y.  Col.  Man.;  Drake's  Indians,  iii,  140). 

"  Hopegood  was  a  celebrated  chief  of  the  Norridgewock  tribe.  He  was  the 
son  of  Robin  Hood.  His  career  was  long  and  bloody.  One  of  the  most  im- 
portant actions  in  which  Hopegood  was  engaged  was  that  against  Salmon  Falls 
in  New  Hampshire,  which  is  minutely  detailed  by  Charlevoix,  from  whose  his- 
tory, and  which  translated,  s  as  follows  :  "Three  expeditions  had  been  set  on 
foot  by  Governor  Fronte.iac,  the  troops  for  which  had  been  raised  at  three 
places,  Montreal,  Three  Rivers,  and  Quebec.  Those  raised  at  Three  Rivers 
were  ordered  against  New  England,  and  such  was  the  insignificance  of  that 
place  that  but  52  men  could  be  raised,  including  5  Algonquins  and  20  Sokokis; 
these  Indians  had  lately  returned  from  an  eastern  expedition.  They  had  at 
their  head  one  of  the  officers  of  the  colony,  to  whom  could  be  intrusted  the  ex- 
ecution of  an  enterprise  of  such  a  nature  with  the  greatest  confidence."  Such  is 
the  testimony  which  Count  Frontenac  gave  in  a  letter  which  he  wrote  at  the 
time  to  M.  de  Seignelay.  That  officer  was  the  Lieut.  Hertel.  In  the  small 
company  which  he  commanded  he  had  three  of  his  sons  and  two  of  his  nephews, 
viz.,  the  I-ieut.  Crevier,  Lord  of  S.  Francois,  and  the  Lieut.  Gatineau.  (Drake's 
Indians,  iii,  116). 


m 


DESTRUCTION  OF   FALMOUTH. 


55 


11  speed.     And  re- 

SEPH  Lynde. 
NGTON,  Secy." 

28th  of  January, 

s  nephew,  Sieur 

ity-four  French, 

Igon  quins.     The 

ians.     After  two 

ittle  stream  that 

light  of  the  27  th 

hat  bordered  the 

idnight  while  the 

burning  houses, 

and  taking  some 

rous  career  two 

lish  were  advanc- 

captives,  some  of 

reat.     After  some 

of  the  officers  of  the 
1st  the  English.  He 
upon  Haverhill,  Aug. 

;k  tribe.  He  was  the 
One  of  the  most  im- 
against  Salmon  Falls 
voix,  from  whose  his- 
ons  had  been  set  on 
1  been  raised  at  three 
sed  at  Three  Rivers 
insignificance  of  that 
uins  and  20  Sokokis ; 
edition.  They  had  at 
d  be  intrusted  the  ex- 
:  confidence."  Such  is 
rhich  he  wrote  at  the 
Hertel.  In  the  small 
id  two  of  his  nephews, 
It.  Gatineau.    (Drake's 


skirmishing  with  the  whites  he  managed  to  escape  with  his  whole 
force.  He  did  not  attempt  to  return  to  Canada  the  way  he  came, 
but  made  a  route  through  the  wilderness  of  Maine  to  the  waters 
of  the  Kennebec.  On  his  arrival  among  the  Indian  tribes  of 
that  section  he  found  needed  rest  and  protection.  He  sent  his 
captives '  on  to  Quebec,  and  remained  with  his  warriors  to  wait 
the  coming  of  the  party  from  Quebec  who  were  intending  the 
destruction  of  Casco.  At  one  of  the  Abenaki  villages  he  learned 
that  the  party  he  was  expecting  of  the  French  and  Indians  had  a 
day  previous  passed  south  (this  was  about  the  first  of  May)  on 
their  way  to  attack  Casco. 
The  following  instructions  were  sent  to  Major  Frost : 


To  Major  Charles  Ffrost'" 
Instructions  as  followeth. 


"  Province 
of  Mayne 

Pursuant  to  the  Comission  signed  &  bearing  same  date  with  these  p'sents. 

You  are  with  all  care  to  hasten  gathering  of  your  soldjers  together,  and  in 
case  Capt.  Simon  Willard  be  in  any  way  disabled  that  he  can*  attend  ye  service 
you  are  to  comissionate  such  other  meet  person  as  you  shall  Judge  meet,  &  ap- 
poynt  all  other  officers  as  you  shall  have  occasion.  You  shall  in  all  places  & 
by  all  wayes  &  meanes  to  your  power  take,  kill  &  destroy  y«  enemy  without  limi- 
tation of  place  or  time  as  you  shall  have  opportunity,  &  you  ar  also  impowered 
to  comissionate  any  other  person  or  persons  to  do  the  like. 

You  shall  carefully  inspect  all  the  Garrisons  in  y*^  Province,  &  reduce  them 
to  such  a  number,'  &  appoynt  such  places  as  shall  in  yo'  wisdome  most  con- 
ducive to  the  preservation  of  the  people  &  y"  great  charge  now  expended  for  y« 
same  may  be  abated. 

'  The  principal  captives  taken  by  Hertel  were  six  or  seven  children  of  the 
Short  family,  Robert  Rogers,  James  Key,  Mehitable  Goodwin,  Mary  Ferguson, 
and  others.     (Mather,  11,  598,  599). 

*  Upon  the  advice  of  this  mischief  in  the  west  (capture  of  Schenectady) 
orders  were  dispatched  unto  Maj.  Frost  in  the  east  that  the  towns  there  must 
stand  upon  their  ground.  The  Major  did  his  duty,  but  they  did  not  theirs. 
They  dreamt  that  while  the  deep  snow  of  the  winter  continued  they  were  safe 
enough,  but  this  proved  as  vain  as  the  dream  of  a  dry  summer.  (Mather,  ii, 
595)- 

^According  to  these  and  previous  instructions,  the  Government  was  endeav- 
oring to  reduce  the  troops  in  Maine  to  as  small  a  number  as  was  possible. 


56 


CAPTURE   OF    FORT   LOYALL. 


Comitting  you  to  y«  Co &  pe  of  God  Almighty  upon  whom 

you  have  all  yo'  dependance. 

I  subscribe 

Yo'  Loving  friend 
Ffeb.  17,  1689.  Tho.  Danforth,  Presid'.' 

[Along  the  margin  is  writf°n.] 

I  have  prevailed  with  Lt.  Andrews  to  come  back  esteeming  him  a  fitt  man  for 

your  Lt.  and  I  would  y'  you  accordingly  enterteyn  him 

(Superscription] 

To  Majo'  Charles        ' 

Frost  in 

Kittery 
P.  Lt  Andros."* 

The  attack  on  Salmon  Falls  was  a  bold  surprise  to  all  the 
whites  in  that  vicinity,  and  immediately  letters  and  appeals  for 
assistance  were  sent  to  the  Massachusetts  authorities,  and  the  fol- 
lowing from  the  Massachusetts  Archives  will  be  found  of  interest: 

'  "Portsmouth  March  18  iGSg'go 

Much  Honor^. 

Wee  are  just  informed  that  ye  Indian  Enemy  this  morning  Attacqued  Salmon 
falls  &  have  surprised  all  the  families  above  the  fort,  w'''  are  about  10  or  12  & 
have  also  taken  possession  of  the  fort  &  of  Lords  house  wheie  several  fam- 
ilies live.  \V™  Plaisted,^  who  gives  this  information  made  his  escape  from 
Capt.  (John)  Wincols  ♦  house  w"''  was  twice  assaulted  by  ye   Enemy  but  they 

'  N.  E.  His.  &  Gen.  Reg.,  3,  24. 

*  Probably  Lieut.  Elisha  Andrews.    See  page  41,  ante. 

'  William  Plaisted  was  the  second  son  of  Roger,  of  Kittery,  by  his  wife 
Olive,  rather  than  the  eldest  as  given  by  Savage,  Parsons,  and  in  the  Went- 
worth  Genealogy  i  after  the  massacre  of  his  brother  Roger,  16  Oct.,  1675,  he 
was  the  eldest  surviving  son,  and  administration  upon  his  father's  estate  was 
committed  to  him  and  his  brother  James.  A  letter  of  the  Rev.  Joshua  Moody 
(Mass.  Hist.  Coll.,  4  S.,  viii.  362),  shows  that  this  William  had  been  married 
four  or  five  years,  5  Sept.,  1683,  when  his  wife  gave  birth  to  their  first  child,  at 
Newichawanock.  W.  M.  s. 

*  John  Wincoll,  of  Kittery;  the  name  is  spelt  Wincoln,  Wincol,  Wincall,  or 
Winkle;  was  born  in  England  in  1622;  came  to  this  country  in  1635;  lived  at 
Watertown,  1637;  freeman  1644;  removed  to  Kittery,  and  resided  at  that  part 
called  Newichawanock;  was  a  rep.,  1653-5,  and  1675-8,  and  from  1676-85,  in 
the  commission  under  both  Stoughton  and  Uanforth ;  had  a  military  commis- 
sion as  captain;  was  register  and  clerk;  died  Oct.  22,  1694,  and  was  succeeded 
in  that  office  by  Capt.  Jos.  Hammond.    (Savage,  4,  592). 


h 


DESTRUCTION    OF    FALMOUTH. 


57 


ity  upon  whom 


RTii,  Prcsid'.' 


im  a  fitt  man  for 


•les 
Frost  ill 

Kittcry 

se  to  all  the 
1  appeals  for 
;s,  and  the  fol- 
id  of  interest : 

irch  1 8  1689*90 

Utacqued  Salmon 
bout  10  or  12  & 
lere  several  fam- 
his  escape  from 
Enemy  but  they 


ttery,  by  his  wife 
nd    in   the    Went- 

6  Oct.,  1675,  he 
ther's  estate  was 
ev.  Joshua  Moody 

had  been  married 
their  first  child,  at 
w.  M.  s. 

'incol,  Wincall,  or 
in  1635;  lived  at 
sided  at  that  part 
from  1676-85,  in 
military  commis- 
and  was  succeeded 


were  beaten  of  by  six  or  seaven  English  men  who  were  left  in  possession  of  s"* 
house  when  he  came  away  from  there  to  give  this  advice  &  pray  for  relief,  he 
saw  not  above  twenty  Indians,  we  have  already  sent  away  from  the  banks  be- 
tween 20  &  30  men  &  have  sent  to  our  other  Towns  for  further  relief  wee  now 
here  see  the  smoak  rising  so  y'  they  are  burning  all  before  them  Wee  humbly 
pray  a  thorough  serious  consideration  of  the  condition  of  this  jiart  of  the 
country  &  y'  such  measures  may  be  forthwith  taken  as  in  y'  Ilono"  wisdome 
shall  be  thought  most  conducive  to  the  prosecution  thereof  This  is  the  whole 
of  wt  information  wee  can  at  present  give  as  soon  as  we  have  a  further  acct. 
you  may  expect  to  hear  farther  from 

Much  Iloni"  yo'  Humble  Servts 

Wm.  Vaughan,' 

RiCHD.  Martyn.* 
(Vol.  35,  page  319,  Massachusetts  Archives). 

"Portsmouth,  19th  March,  1689,  '90. 
Much  Ilonori'''' 

Yesterday  we  gave  ace'  of  ye  dreadfull  destruction  of  Salmon 
Falls;  and  the  particulars  whereof  please  to  take  as  foUowth. 

The  enemy  made  their  onset  between  break  of  the  day  & 
Sunrise  when  most  were  a  bed  &  no  watch  kept  neithf  in  fort  nor  house.  The 
presently  tuk  possession  of  y''  fort  to  prevent  any  of  1  rs  doing  it  &  so  carried 
all  before  them  by  a  surprise,  none  of  our  men  being  ible  to  get  together  into  a 
body  to  oppose  them  so  that  in  the  place  were  killed  i.^:  taken  between  four  score 
&  100  persons  of  w"^'*  between  twenty  &  Thirty  abl  men,  the  fort  &  upwards  of 
twenty  houses  burnt,  most  of  the  cattle  burnt  in  their  houses  or  otherwise  kild, 
which  was  very  considerable,    from  thence  the  enemy  proceeded  to  Quam- 

'  William  Vaughan  was  one  of  the  first  counsellors  of  New  Hampshire,  from 
1680  to  his  death  in  1719.  He  was  made  "freeman"  in  1669;  was  Judge  C. 
C  P.  from  1680  to  1686,  and  Chief  Justice  from  1708  to  1715.  He  married, 
December  8,  1668,  Margaret,  daughter  of  Richard  Cutts.  She  died  January  22, 
1690,  aged  40.  He  had  eight  children,  of  whom  George  was  Counsellor  and 
Lieut.-Gov.  of  New  Hamjishire  ;  died  November  2,  1721;.  (Jeorge's  second  son, 
William  Vaughan,  was  born  Sept.  12,  1703;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1722;  was  Ijieut.-Col.  at  the  capture  of  Louisburg  in  1745.  He  removed  to 
Damariscotta.  He  died  in  England  in  1746.  (Wentworth  Genealogy,  i,  297), 
He  was  the  grandfather  of  the  William  Vaughan  who  came  to  Portland  from 
Portsmouth  in  1784,  and  purchased  large  tracts  of  land  in  the  western  part  of 
the  city;  one  of  whose  children  was  the  late  William  T.  Vaughan  of  this  city. 

^Ricliard  Martyn,  ol  ortsmouth,  was  a  son  in  law  of  Richard  Cutts.  He 
held  important  ofiices  and  was  in  1693  C.  J.  of  C.  C.  P.,  and  the  same  year  app. 
C.  J.  of  the  S.  J.  C.  He  m.  ist,  Sarah  Tuttle,  dau.  of  John  Tuttle;  2d  Martha 
(Symonds)  Dennison,  widow  of  John  Dennison ;  3d,  Elizabeth  (Sherburn)  Lear, 
widow  of  Tobias  Lear;  4th,  Mary  (lienning)  Wentworth,  widow  of  Samuel 
Wentworth.  He  died  April  2,  1694.  Of  eight  children  he  left  two  sons  and 
two  daughters,  wives  of  Richard  Jose  and  John  Cutts.  (N.  H.  His.  Coll.,  VHI, 
311-317.     Wentworth  Gen.,  I,  116). 


58 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


phcgan,  where  lived  onely  Thomas  Homes,  who  upon  the  alarm  retired  from  his 
house  to  a  simall  Garrison  built  near  his  Saw  mill  whither  also  some  of  Salmon 
falls  y'  made  their  escape  fled  about  30  of  the  Enemic  surrounded  Holmes' 
house  but  met  with  no  opposition  there  till  fourteen  men  of  ours  came  up  from 
the  lower  part  of  y"  Town  &  undiscovered  by  ye  Enemy  made  a  shot  upon  y* 
party  of  Indians  at  Holmes  house.  Sundry  of  y""  standing  before  the  door  at 
w"''  shot  they  say  three  of  the  Enemy  fell  ye  run  into  the  house  and  broke 
through  y'^  backside  &  roof  &  being  more  numerous  than  ours  forced  our  men  to 
retire,  nine  of  them  got  safe  home  &  five  escaped  to  Holmes  (iarrison,  only 
one  of  ours  wounded  in  the  encounter,  then  the  enemy  burnt  Holmes  house  & 
proceeded  about  a  mile  down  &  burnt  the  minister  E  house  with  two  more  & 

Assaulted Garrison  but  were  repulsed  &  so  retired.     James  Phiisted  ' 

who  was  taken  at  Salmon  falls  was  sent  by  Hopegood  (commander-in-chief  of 
the  Indians),  with  a  flag  of  truce  to  Thomas  Holmes  for  ye  surrend'  of  his 
Garrison  —  promising  liberty  to  depart  upon  his  so  doing,  but  Plaisted  returned 
not  now  was  y"  Garrison  surrounded.  The  s<*  Plaisted  who  was  in  y<^  enemies 
hands  many  hours  Informe  yt  he  saw  of  y"  Enemy  one  hundred  &  fifty  men  well 
accoutred  &  supposes  them  to  be  about  one  half  ffrench.  upon  their  taking 
possession  of  ye  ffort  he  saith  that  ten  of  them  french  &  Indians  made  a  dance 
w"**  Hopegood  told  him  were  all  officers;  he  also  told  him  of  his  Brother 
Goodon'^  who  lived  in  Lord's  house,  was  soon  to  be  tryd  for  his  life  by  a  Coun- 

'James  Plaisted,  who  called  himself  "of  York,"  was  the  next  son  of  Roger 
and  Olive;  he  married,  first,  Lydia,  daughter  of  Richard  and  l.ucretia  Hitch- 
cock, and  granddaughter  of  Thomas  .Williams,  of  Sr.co;  and  presented  two 
claims  in  her  right  to  land  there  before  the  Commissioners  of  "  Eastern 
Claims."  It  is  apparent  from  the  York  (town)  records  that  his  first  wife,  Lyd- 
ia, had  deceased  prior  to  10  Dec,  1690,  for  he  had  then  married  second,  Mary, 
widow  of  John  Say  ward,  and  daughter  of  Edward  and  Susanna  (Wheelwright) 
Rishworth.  She  was  carried  into  captivity  with  two  of  her  daughters  by  Say- 
ward,  but  redeemed  in  Oct.,  1695,  ^Y  Matthew  Cary,  she  returned  home,  and 
bore  Plaisted  two  daughters,  the  first  of  whom  was  named  Lydia,  in  affection- 
ate remembrance  of  his  previous  wife.  It  is  somewhat  of  a  digression,  but  this 
research  discloses  bits  of  evidence  that  solve  a  much  discussed  question,  and 
go  to  prove  that  the  above  Susanna  (probably  the  eldest),  daughter  of  the  Rev. 
John  Wheelwright,  had  first  married  Thomas  Wight  (i.e.  White),  of  the  Exe- 
ter Combination,  and  had  by  him  the  daughter,  Mary  White,  who  was  adopted 
by  Rishworth,  is  called  "daughter  [i.e.  step-daughter],  of  Edward  Rishworth," 
in  her  grandfather's  will,  and  afterwards  married  the  Rev.  Shubael  Dremmer. 

w.  M.  s. 

'  This  was  Thomas  Goodwin,  third  son  of  Daniel,  the  emigrant,  by  his  wife, 
Margaret,  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Patience  (Chadbourne)  Sjiencer;  he  was 
"  brother  "  [in-law]  to  James  Plaisted,  having  married  Mehitable,  youngest  child 
of  Roger  and  Olive  Plaisted ;  he  had  by  her,  among  others,  Capt.  Ichabod, 
whose  grandson.  Dr.  James  Scammon  Goodwin,  lately  deceased  at  his  home  on 
Spring  street  in  this  city.  Mrs.  Mehitable  (Plaisted)  Goodwin  was  captured 
by  the  Indians  at  Berwick,  March  18,  1689,  '90,  as  narrated  by  Mather's  Mag- 
nalia,  1 1,  598,  and  quoted  by  Belknap.  She  was  a  captive  five  years  in  Canada, 
redeemed  by  Cary  in  October  1695  (Gen.  Reg.,  24,  289).  She  returned  to  her 
home  in  Berwick,  where  she  died.  W.  M.  s. 


DESTRUCTION  OF   FALMOUTH. 


59 


cill  of  warr  for  yt  in  their  taking  Lord's  house  he  said  Goodson  had  i<iiled  one 
ffrenchman  &  mortally  wounded  another  &  further  said  there  was  Kight  french 
ships  assigned  for  Pascataqua  river  to  destroy  y*  same.  The  alarm  being  given 
to  all  adjacent  Towns  in  order  to  their  reliefe  wee  sent  about  thirty  men  from 
this  Town,  as  many  went  from  Dover,  &  a  party  from  York  together  with  w' 
could  be  got  from  there  own  Town,  but  before  they  could  unite  there  force  it 
was  neare  night  &  then  they  marched  wth  about  loo  men,  under  Comand  of 
Capt  Jo  Hamond '  of  y"  upper  part  of  Kittery,  the  scouts  y'  went  before,  just 
as  they  came  w"'  in  sight  of  Salmon  falls  discovered  one  of  y"  Enemy  who  was 
binding  up  his  pack  &  staying  behind  his  company  fell  into  our  hands,  w""* 
proved  to  bee  a  ffre!  "hman,  whose  examination  in  short  wee  herewith  send  you 
&  to  morrow  morning  intend  to  send  the  person  towards  you  by  land,  none  by 
water  being  just  ready  to  go ;  our  ffriends  proceeded  in  pursuit  of  y"  Enemy  & 
about  2  mile  above  y«  ffort  of  Salmon  falls  at  the  farther  house  up  in  the  woods 

discovered  them  about  y*  setting  of  y"  Sunn,  our  men  presently  fell  upon 

them  &  they  as  resolutely  opposed  them,  in  short  the  fight  lasted  as  long  as  they 
could  see  friends  from  Enemies  in  w"**  wee  lost  two  men,  one  of  York  another 
of  Cocheco  kild  upon  ye  place  &  6  or  7  vounded.  Some  is  feared  mortally  w' 
damage  wee  did  the  Enemy  wee  cant  at  present  say.  This  is  all  y^  acct.  we  at 
present  give,  to  morrow  intend  you  shall  hear  again  from  us.  wee  Intercom 
Subscribe  ourselves 

Hon^e  Sirs 

Yo""  humble  Servts. 
.  Wm.  Vaughan, 

RiCHD  Martyn." 
(Vol.  35,  p.  326,  Mass.  Archives). 

*  ■       . 

The  French  prisoner  was  sent  to  Portsmouth,  and  was  quite 


'  Capt.  or  Maj.  Joseph  Hammond  was  the  second  son  of  Wm.  Hammond 
(the  name  was  spelt  in  various  ways),  who  was  born  in  England  in  1 597,  came 
over  in  1630,  was  made  a  freeman  at  Boston  in  1636;  moved  to  Wells  ;  had  two 
sons,  Jonathan  and  Joseph,  and  daughters.  He,  William,  died  suddenly  in 
1702,  aged  105  years.  Joseph  moved  to  Kittery;  was  made  a  counsellor  of 
Massachusetts,  and  received  a  military  commission.  He  was  appointed  regi.'- 
ter  and  clerk  by  Massachusetts  Dec.  4,  1694,  in  the  place  of  Capt.  John  Win- 
coll,  deceased.  He  was  seized  by  Indians  near  Saco  fort,  July  6,  1695,  "^^^ 
carried  to  Canada.  He  was  redeemed  by  Mathew  Carey  in  October  following, 
and  returned  to  Kittery.  He  held  the  office  of  register  for  many  years.  He 
died,  according  to  Savage,  Feb.  24,  1710,  according  to  his  son's  account,  in  1709. 
He  left  one  son,  Joseph,  and  two  daughters.  (Savage,  2,  341.  N.  E.  His.  & 
Gen.  Reg.,  9,  312,  24,  289,  Mass.  His  Coll.,  5,  sth  series,  396.  Williamson,  i, 
642). 


imim.. 


T 


60 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


communicative  to  the  authorities.    The  following  paper  contains 
his  statement: 

"  PoRTSM",  19th  March,  1689,  '90. 
Upon  Examination  of  the  frenci'man  taken  at  Salmon  ffals  he  saith 

Their  company  that  Attacjuecl  Salmon  ffal.s  consisted  of  sixty  men 
30  frcnch  &  30  Indians  who  came  from  Canady  the  beginning  of  ffoube.  (Feb- 
ruary) from  a  Town  called  three  rivers  laying  above  Cabcck  (Quebec),  that  they 
had  not  been  near  any  English  Plantations  since  they  came  out  till  now  but 
waited  abjut  twenty  or  thirty  miles  off  sevcrall  days  for  a  party  of  20  or  30 
Indians  who  promised  to  meet  &  Joyn  wth  them  but  came  not,  that  they  have 
lived  \/hoIly  u])on  hunting,  y'  they  came  by  order  of  the  ffrench  Ciov'  at  Canada 
that  boi^  ffrench  &  Indians  are  in  pay  at  ten  livres  pp  month.  The  said  (iov' 
is  Count  Frontonack  y'  arrived  from  ffrance  last  year  in  a  man  of  warr  wth 
severall  merchant  ships  w'-''  went  away  again  in  8  o^',  only  two  ships  remain  in 
Canada  of  twenty-five  guns  a  piece.  That  two  partys  of  ffrench  &  Indians  of 
three  hundred  men  in  a  Company,  came  out  about  the  same  time  they  came 
but  whither  they  were  designed  he  saith  he  knows  not.  That  he  knows  nothing 
of  the  mischief  done  near  Albany,  that  they  intended  to  carry  their  captives  to 
Canada  and  there  sell  them  y'  their  design  was  not  against  this  place  when 
they  came  forth  but  principally  against  Monsieur  Tyng  &  the  place  where  he 
lived,'  but  he  saith  the  Indians  who  were  their  principal  pilots  ded  often  vary  in 
their  opinions  about  what  place  to  fall  upon,  wee  cam  mulerstand  whither  it 
were  Mr.  Tyng,  of  merrimack  river*  or  Casco  Day.  That  iliey  saw  no  Consid- 
erable Company  of  Indians  in  their  march  only  a  few  in  some  places  hunting 
that  they  brought  out  with  them  ten  pounds  of  powder  and  sixty  bullets  a  piece, 
that  there  were  sundry  English  captives  at  Canada,  but  he  saw  only  three  girls 
&  a  boy,  that  the  ffrench  are  able  to  raise  four  or  five  thousand  men  in  Canada 
able  to  bear  arms  &  yt  they  had  Thirty  two  Companies  of  fifty  men  in  a  Com- 
pany in  constant  pay  that  the  ffrench  Cap"  name  of  this  Company  is  Monsieur 
Artell  (Hertel)  ^^is  son  being  his  lieutenant." 
(Vol.  35,  p.  325,  Mass.  Archives). 

'  This  statement  should  have  been  good  evidenee  to  the  authorities  that  an 
attack  on  Casco  was  contemjilated.  Monsieur  Tyng,  whom  the  Frenchman 
named,  should  have  been  known  to  them  as  Capt.  Ed.  Tyng,  the  former 
commander  of  Fort  Loyall,  who  as  a  skilled  warrior  against  the  Indians,  was 
held  in  dread  by  them,  and  they  were  desirous  of  revenging  themselves  by  an 
attack  upon  Casco. 

*  Mr.  Tyng  on  the  Merrimack  river  was  a  brother  of  Edward  Tyng  of  Casco, 
and  sons  of  the  first  Edward,  who  came  here  in  1630.  Jonathan's  residence  was 
at  Dunstable,  near  Tyngsboro,  adjoining  Lowell.  He  was  father  of  Hon.  John 
Tyng,  who  at  times  was  a  large  owner  of  real  estate  in  Falmouth,  who  was  bom 
in  1703,  was  a  judge  C.  C.  P.;  died  in  Tyngsboro  in  1797,  aged  94. 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


6i 


The  information  given  by  this  French  prisoner  of  the  proposed 
attack  upon  New  England  caused  letters  to  be  written  from  Major 
Charles  l'"rost  and  others,  to  the  Government  of  Massachusetts, 
dated  Tortsinouth,  March  26,  1690,  in  reference  to  defending 
Piscataquis  river  against  the  expected  attack  of  the  French. 
(Vol.  35,  page  371,  Massachusetts  Archives). 

The  Government  sent  to  England  for  assistance : 

"Ordkr  of  Covkrnor  ano  Council. 
(Andros'  Tracts,  3,  63). 
Ordered,  that  the  sloop  Resolution  be  forthwith  be  fitted  up  and  despatched 
away  for  I'jigland  at  the  public  charge,  with  advice  to  their  Majesties  of  the 
present  danger  their  Majesties  Colonys  in  these  parts  are  in  of  Incursion  by 
the  French  in  Canada  now  in  actual  hostility  with  the  crown  of  England,  and 
of  the  want  of  armes  and  ammunitions  to  furnish  the  Country  for  their  defence, 
And  that  some  Cjentlenier.  or  Merchants  be  desired  to  take  up  money  on  the 
public  Account  to  load  her  at  the  best  rates  they  can  agree.  The  Treasurer, 
Mr.  Edward  Bromfield '  ard  Mr.  Joseph  Parsons''  are  appointed  a  Committee 
to  purchase  oyle  or  Logwood  to  load  her  without  delay. 

Voted  in  the  affirmative  by  their  Majesties. 

IsA.  Aduinuton,  Sec'. 
13  March  1689-90.  ' 

Consented  to  by  the  Deputies 

EllENEZER   PROUT, 

Clerk." 


This  now  brings  us  to  the  third  party  which  had  been  fitted  out 
by  Frontenac  for  the  destruction  of  Casco  and  Fort  Loyall.  It 
consisted  of  fifty  French  soldiers  and  fifty  Abenakis  Indians  from 
the  mission  of  St.  Francis.     They  left  Quebec  in  January,  1690, 

'  Edward  Promfield  was  born  in  England,  June  10,  1648-49,  came  to  New 
England  in  1675.  ^^^  ^'^^^  twice  married,  first  about  1678,  to  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Brading ;  second  to  Miss  Mary  Danforth,  of  Roxbury.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Council  from  1703  to  1728.  He  was  a  membar  of  the  vSouth  church  for 
about  fifty  years.  He  died  in  June,  1734,  and  was  entombed  in  King's  Chapel 
burying  ground.  The  tombstone,  still  in  good  preservation,  is  in  the  northern 
side  of  the  enclosure.  He  lived  on  the  street  that  now  bears  his  name.  (N. 
E.  His.  &  Gen.  Reg.,  25,  329). 

'  Joseph  Parsons  was  of  Boston ;  married  Bertha,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Brattle ;  was  a  member  of  the  patriot  council  of  war  for  the  overthrow  of 
Andros.     (Savage,  3,  363). 


''**'     cljmi 


62 


CAPTURE   OF    FORT    LOYALL. 


under  the  command  of  Sieur  de  Portneuf.  His  lieutenant  was 
Sieur  de  Courtemanche,  his  cousin,  (Willis,  p.  285  states  on  the  au- 
thority of  Capt.  Davis'  narrative  that  Courtemanche  was  at  the  cap- 
ture of  Schenectady).  I  do  not  find  any  other  authority  for  that 
statement.  He  also  erroneously,  on  the  same  authority,  gives  to 
Portneuf  the  name  of  Burniffe. 

This  party  steadily  and  slowly  advanced  after  leaving  the  St. 
Lawrence  through  the  wilderness  and  mountain  ranges  that  sepa- 
rate the  waters  of  the  St.  Lawrence  and  those  of  the  Kennebec, 
sustaining  themselves  by  hunting  and  fishing.  They  rested  at  the 
Indian  villages  as  they  proceeded,  and  added  to  their  numbers 
from  the  Indian  recruits  that  offered.  Previous  to  the  departure 
of  this  party.  Count  Frontenac,  during  the  winter  previous,  had 
sent  messengers  to  the  Baron  de  Castine  on  the  Penobscot,"  stating 
his  intention  to  attack  the  white  settlements  in  Maine  in  the 
spring,  and  requesting  his  assistance  with  a  force  of  the  Penobscot 
tribe.  Castine  readily  complied.  He  was  still  smarting  with  the 
injuries  he  had  received  from  Sir  Edmund  Andros  and  the  English 
a  short  time  previous,  and  was  eager  for  an  attack  upon  Casco  and 
Fort  Loyall.  During  the  winter  months,  and  after  having  received 
orders  from  Frontenac,  he  had  selected  the  best  of  the  Tarnitine 
warriors,  gathered  ammunition  and  stores,  and  with  his  father-in- 
law  Madockawando,^  the  chief  of  the  Penobscots,  accompanied  by 


'  A  road  through  the  wilderness,  for  messingers  to  pasK  to  and  from ;  from 
Quebec  to  Pentagout  (Penobscot)  and  Fort  Royal,  was  opened  as  early  as  1671. 
(N.  Y.  Col.  Doc,  IX,  72). 

^  Madockawando  was  r.  chief  of  the  Penobscot  tribe,  an  adopted  son  of  the 
chief  Assiminasqua.  He  was  not  an  enemy  to  the  English  at  the  beginning, 
but  as  they  began  a  warfare  on  his  pcoi.ile,  it  instigated  iiim  to  retaliate,  and  in 
the  subsecjuent  wars,  the  Penobscot  tribe,  "under  the  direction  of  Madockawando 
and  Mugg,  performed  their  full  share  in  the  work  cf  desolation  and  death, 
which  was  dealt  out  so  freely  to  this  devoted  province."  (Willis,  ]).  199). 
Madockawando  is  described  by  Hubbard  (II,  177).  "as  of  a  strange  kind 
of  a  moralized  savage  grave  and  serious  in  speech  and  carriage,  a.ul  not 
without  some  show  of  religion."  At  the  close  of  the  v^ar  of  1675-6,  his  tribe 
had  among  them  about  sixty  English  captives.  When  it  wi-s  known  to  him 
that  the  English  desired  to  treat  about  peace,  he  sent  Mi;gg,  one  of  his  chiefs, 
to  Portsmouth  to  receive  projjosals,  and  that  he  might  mtct  with  a  good  ac- 
ceptance, he  sent  with  him  a  captive  to  Ills  hon.e.  Capt.  Gendall,  of  Casco, 
mentioned  on  page  31,  ante,  being  there,  forced  Mugg  aboavd  his  vessel  and 
carried  him  to  Boston.    He  being  in  the  power  of  the  lin^lish,  Madockawando 


va    ,Ti, 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


^Z 


at  least  one  hundred  of  the  warlike  men  of  that  tribe,  they  started 
to  meet  the  expedition  from  Quebec,  in  April,  1690.  They,  carry- 
ing their  canoes,  traversed  the  short  distance  between  the  waters 
of  the  Penobscot  and  the  river  Sebasticook,  and  floated  down  the 
stream  to  its  junction  with  the  Kennebec  in  the  present  town  of 
Winslow,  and  at  which  point  Fort  Halifax '  was  subsequently  con- 
structed. When  on  the  v/aters  of  the  Kennebec  they  were  in 
communication  with  the  Indians  in  that  vicinity,  and  they  were 
soon  joined  by  the  party  from  Quebec  under  the  command  of 
Portneuf.  Soon  the  party  of  Hertel,  who  had  destroyed  Salmon 
Falls,  came  up  with  them,  and  an  agreement  was  made  respecting 
the  expedition  against  Casco.  The  different  parties  rendezvoused 
at  Merrymeeting  Bay,  and  they  comprised  a  force  of  between  four 
and  five  hundred.  The  French  leaders  were  Portneuf,^  Hertel, 
Baron  de  Castine,  and  Courtemanche.3    The  Indian  chiefs  were 


of   the 


was  forced  to  agree  to  such  terms  as  the  English  dictated.  It  is  no  wonder, 
then,  th.it  tiie  great  chief  soon  appeared  again  as  their  enemy.  Madockawando 
remained  quiet  till  the  commencement  of  the  King  William  war,  when  he  took 
up  arms,  and  in  various  places  in  Maine  attacked  the  English  inhabitants,  and 
in  connection  with  his  son  in  law,  15aron  de  Castine,  took  part  in  the  attack 
upon  Casco.  In  1691,  he,  with  other  chiefs,  made  a  treaty  with  the  English. 
In  1692,  he  planned  the  expedition  against  York,  and  succeeded  beyond  his  ex- 
pectations. The  whole  town  was  laid  in  ashes,  except  three  or  four  garrison 
houses;  seventy-five  were  killed  and  eight v-five  cajitured.  He  also  was  in  the 
attack  upon  Wells,  in  1692,  under  Portneuf,  where  the  French  and  Indians 
were  rcjiulscd.  August  u,  1693,  he,  with  eleven  other  chiefs,  made  a  treaty 
with  Sir  William  Phipps,  at  Pemaepiid.  The  inhabitants  of  lilack  Point  gave 
yearly  a  peck  of  corn,  each,  to  Madockawando,  as  an  acknowledgement  that  he 
was  Sachem  of  Penobscot.  Very  little  more  is  recorded  of  the  career  of  this 
powerful  Sachem,  He  was  probably  not  ])iesent  at  the  capture  of  Pemaquid 
P'ort  in  i6q6,  by  D'Iberville,  although  a  large  force  of  the  Penobscot  tribe,  with 
Baron  de  Castine,  were  there.  He  died  in  1698,  and  was  succeeded  by  Wena- 
mont,  or  sonietinvs  called  Wenoggonet.  This  life  of  Madockawando  is  mainly 
taken  from  Drake's  Indians  (Book  III,  pp.  103-109,  120). 

'  Fort  Halifa.x  was  built  by  the  Plymouth  Company  in  1754.  For  an  account 
of  the  same  see  Me.  His.  Soc.  Coll.,  VII,  167-198;  VIII,  201-289. 

*  Portneuf  was  a  lieutenant  in  an  expedition  against  the  Seneca  Indians  in 
1687,  and  was  jiromotcd.  He  was  in  command  at  the  taking  of  Casco,  and  led 
a  lai-gc  force  of  French  and  Indians  against  Wells  in  1692. 

■*  Siear  de  Courtemanche  was  the  cousin  of  Portneuf,  the  leader  of  the  expe- 
dition. After  his  return  to  Canada  he  was  employed  in  various  expeditions 
against  the  western  Indians,  and  received  honors  from  the  Canadian  govern- 
ment. He  was  sent  as  a  special  envoy  to  Boston  in  1706;  was  taken  sick  and 
returned  to  Quebec  in  an  English  vessel. 


64 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


Madockawando  and  Moxus  '  of  the  Penobscot  tribe;  Hopegood  (a 
murderous  savage),  a  celebrated  chief  of  the  Norridgewock  tribe ; 
also  Robin  Doney,^  a  treacherous  half-breed;  Hignon,^  and  some 
inferior  chieftains.  The  gathering  of  this  array  of  forces  was  in 
the  early  part  of  May,  and  was  ominous  of  the  dark  cloud  that 
was  soon  to  burst  upon  poor  doomed  Casco. 

I  would  here  state  that  the  sources  of  information  which  I  have 
examined  respecting  the  expeditions  fitted  out  in  Canada,  and  the 
attacks  upon  Casco,  are  quite  voluminous.  Both  the  French  ac- 
counts taken  from  the  archives  at  Paris,  and  the  English  reports 
in  the  main  agree  as  to  the  origin  of  this  attack,  and  its  results. 
The  French  dates  are  some  eight  days  later  than  the  English, 
which  is  caused  by  the  French  using  the  Gregorian  calendar,  and 
the  English  adhering  to  the  old  style. 

While  these  preparations  were  being  made  by  its  enemies  i.or 
the  attack  upon  Fort  Loyall  and  Casco,  what  were  its  inhabitants 
and  the  government  of  Massachusetts  doing  for  its  defense  ? 
Nothing !  After  having  disposed  of  Sir  Edmund  Andros  by  send- 
ing him  to  England  for  trial,  hey  became  aware  that  the  enemy 
were  menacing  the  frontier  eastern  settlements,.  They  had  heard 
of  the   attacks  of   the  savages   upon    Schenectady   and   Salmon 


'  Moxus,  or  Agamagus,  was  a  Tarratine,  and  one  of  the  most  valiant  and 
puissant  sachems  of  the  east,  and  was  active  in  the  hostilities  against  the 
English.  He  was  in  the  attack  upon  Wells,  in  1692.  A'^ter  the  death  of 
Madockawando,  he  became  his  successor,  and  made  a  treaty  with  the  English 
in  1699.  He  concluded  another  treaty  with  Gov.  Dudley,  at  the  fort  in  New 
Casco,  in  1702,  but  in  1703,  he,  with  other  Indians  and  French,  made  an  at- 
tack upon  the  fort  there.  He  was  at  Falmouth  in  1713,  to  make  a  treaty  with 
the  English,  and  at  Georgetown,  for  the  same  purpose,  in  17 17.  This  is  the 
last  that  we  hear  of  him.     (Drake's  Indians,  III,  107,  no,  124,  139). 

"  Robin  Doney  was  a  half-breed,  the  son  of  a  Frenchman  who  had  taken  up 
his  abode  among  the  Indians.  He  exercised  great  cruelty  towards  the  prisoners 
who  were  taken  at  Casco.  His  wife  having  been  killed  by  Church  in  1689, 
made  him  revengeful  and  merciless.  In  1693  he  became  reconciled  to  the  Eng- 
lish, anil  signed  a  treaty  with  them  at  Pemaquid.  A  year  after  he  was  seized  at 
Saco  with  three  others.     There  is  no  record  as  to  what  became  of  him. 

^Hignon.  There  were  several  Indian  chiefs  (Drake's  Indians,  iii.  123,  124), 
of  that  name.  One  of  them,  Ned  Higgon,  signed  a  treaty  with  the  English  in 
1685.  He  was  one  of  the  Indians  taken  by  Capt.  Sargent  at  Saco,  and  sent  to 
Fort  Loyall  in  16S8,  and  afterward  released  by  Andros.  He  was  at  the  capture 
of  Fort  Loyall.  i)ne  of  the  name  was  killed  at  the  Urackett  farm  in  1694,  as 
related  by  Willis,  p,  288.     (Drake's  Indians,  iii.  114,  118,  124,  126). 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


65 


Falls,  and  they  thought  it  necessary  that  something  should  be 
done.  Therefore,  under  the  command  of  Sir  William  Phipps,  a 
naval  and  land  force  was  organized  to  strike  a  blow  at  the  French 
and  Indians  who  were  threatening  Casco,  by  sailing  up  the  Bay  of 
Fundy  to  batter  down  a  fort  or  so,  and  capture  Port  Royal.' 

Capt.  Willard  at  that  time  was  in  command  of  Fort  Loyall,  with 
a  force  of  one  hundred  men,  placed  there  the  winter  before  by 
Maj.  Frost,  who  was  in  command  of  the  forces  in  Maine.  If  they 
had  remained.  Fort  Loyall  would  not  have  been  taken.  Notwith- 
standing this,  Sir  Wm.  Phipps  ^  sailed  with  his  fleet  from  Boston 
for  the  conquest  of  Nova  Scotia,  April  28,  1690.3  One  account 
says  that  he  came  into  the  harbor  here  and  took  away  from 
Fort  Loyall  Captain  Willard  and  nearly  all  his  men,  and  sailed 
away  to  achieve  glory  in  far  distant  fields,  leaving  the  defence  of 
Fort  Loyall  and  Casco  to  its  brave  inhabitants.  French  writers 
say  this  was  done  within  a  few  hours  previous  to  the  attack  upon 
the  Fort,  others  say  within  a  few  days,  but  according  to  the  letters 
from  Captain  Willard  and  Captain  Davis,  Captain  Willard  and 
some  of  his  soldiers  left  for  Boston.  It  is  immaterial  how  and 
when  they  left.      They  were  withdrawn  by  order  of  the  Massa- 


"  Port  Royal,  now  called  Annapolis,  is  situated  at  the  head  of  the  Bay  of 
Fundy.  It  was  the  first  European  settlement  in  this  part  of  North  America, 
being  settled  in  1604.  The  country  was  then  named  Acadia.  It  was  cap- 
tured by  Massachusetts,  under  Sir  \Vm.  Phipps,  in  1690,  and  re-captured  by 
the  French,  in  1691.  It  was  finally  captured  by  the  English  in  1710,  and  called 
Anna])olis,  in  honor  of  Queen  Anne. 

'Sir  Wm.  Phipps  was  born  in  Woolwich,  Me.,  Feb.  2,  1651.  He  was  a  ship- 
carpenter,  moved  lO  Boston  in  1673,  where  he  learned  to  read  and  write.  He 
recovered  a  large  amount  of  treasure  from  a  Spanish  wreck  near  the  Bahamas, 
of  which  ;^i6,ooo  was  given  him  as  his  "hai  ?,  and  he  was  knighted.  In  1690  he 
commanded  the  fleet  which  captured  P<.  t  Royal  in  Nova  Scotia,  and  in  October 
of  that  year  the  larger  one  which  faiird  'a  die  attack  upon  Quebec.     Under  thr: 


new  charter  he  was  appointed  gov rn; 


in  1692. 


In  1694  he  was  summoned  to 


England  to  answer  complaints  aga  nst  Mm.     He  died  in  London,  Feb.  18,  1695. 
See  his  life  in  Sparks'  Amer.  Biog.     (Anier.  Cyclopedia,  XIII,  449). 

'The  statements  as  regards  Capt.  Willard  being  withdrawn  a  few  days  before 
the  attack  upon  Fort  Loyall  are  conflicting.  Willis  says,  p.  281,  "  Capt.  Willard, 
an  experienced  officer  from  Salem,  wa;;  ordered  in  February  to  pursue  the  enemy 
to  headquarters."  Mather  says  (see  page  66,  post),  that  Willard  was  called  oft 
a  day  or  two  previous  to  the  attack.  French  writers  say  this  was  done  with- 
in a  few  hours  or  a  few  days.  All  these  accounts  are  erroneous,  according, 
to  the  letter  written  by  Capt.  Willard  (page  66,  post). 


66 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL, 


chusetts  government,  and  this  piece  of  stupidity  on  the  part  of 
Massachusetts  cost  Casco  the  lives  of  its  brave  defenders  and 
its  inhabitants. 

Williamson,  I,  620,  says,  "that  when  news  was  heard  of  the 
approach  of  the  enemy  towards  Fort  Loyall,  that  President  Dan- 
forth  ordered  Major  Frost  to  detach  without  delay  one  hundred 
men  from  the  Provincial  militia,  to  be  joined  by  a  party  from  the 
garrison,  all  of  whom  under  Capt.  Willard  were  directed  to  proceed 
in  the  search  and  pursuit  of  the  enemy."  (This  was  said  to  have 
been  done  May  10).  This  order  from  Maj.  Frost  referred  to  was 
given  Feb.  17,  1689 ;  see  page  55,  ante ;  and  Mather  (Magnalia,  2, 
602),  says  :  "  It  was  a  misfortune  to  Casco,  though  not  to  Willard, 
that  so  promising  an  officer  should  be  called  off  two  or  three  days 
before  the  attack."  If  this  had  not  been  done  Casco  would  have 
been  saved ;  but  I  find  no  evidence  of  these  statements.  The  fol- 
lowing letter  from  Capt.  Willard  is  not  very  creditable  to  him,  and 
shows  cowardice  on  his  part.  Capt.  Davis  was  ready  to  stay  and 
meet  the  foe.  Capt.  Willard  was  anxious  to  leave,  and  made  a 
flimsy  excuse  for  that  purpose,  and  he  did  so,  and  some  of  his 
company  followed  him,  and  Capt.  Davis  and  his  brave  comrades 
were  left  to  their  fate  : 


"  Falmouth,  May  9,  1690. 
Att  a  meeting  of  our  company  having  y*  advice  of  ye  cheife  men  of  y«  place, 
ye  most  of  them  that  are  there,  wee  having  looked  long  for  Maj''  ffrost  but  he  is 
not  yet  come  to  order  &  settle  our  Garrisons  y'^  private  intelligence  from  Boston 
having  much  Disturbed  our  Souldiers  &  we  being  in  something  of  a  distressed 
condition,  it  has  been  concluded  that  Capt.  Davis  or  myselfe  should  be  sent  to 
Boston  to  ye  Honorable  Council  &  Capt.  Silvanus  Davis  being  unwilling  to  goe 
thither  myself  it  being  thus  presented  to  as  before  s''  while  I  goe  to  Boston  to 
y^  Hon'*  Councill  I  leave  ye  Garrisons  in  other  places  under  ye  command  of 
their  formor  particular  Commanders  &  att  ffalmouth  Sergt.  Rich.  Hicks  is  to 
be  over  ye  Garrison  at  Ingersols  &  he  is  also  to  command  in  exercising  the 
company  &  scouting  as  occasion  serves.  Joseph  Hoit  is  to  take  command  of 
Mr.  Robt.  Lawrences  Garison  always  advising  with  Sergt.  Hicks  as  occasion 
may  be,  not  changeing  of  Souldiers  without  the  consenting  of  both  otficers 
concerned.  Nathl.  White  Sergant  to  be  ye  commander  of  ye  halfe  moon  gar- 
rison, all  of  them  as  occasion  serves  advising  with  Capt.  Silvanus  Davis  Capt. 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


67 


of  ye  ffort,  all  of  these  sergts.  are  so  take  dilligent  heed  of  the  maijntaining  a 
careful  watch  by  day  &  night  &  not  to  have  less  than  16  or  18  hands  lodging  in 
each  of  ye  outside  Garisons  in  ye  night  time,  these  things  to  be  observed  untill 
I  come  again  hither  or  until  a  discharge  comes  to  our  company  from  ye  Coun- 
cil!. The  company  also  engaging  not  to  be  mutinous  nor  to  draw  off  their  Part 
or  ch  irge,  except  absolute  want  of  victuals  force  them  to  it  until  I  come  again 
hither  or  until  orders  come  to  draw  them  off  which  I  hope  will  not  be  much 
above  three  weeks  after  my  departure  or  sooner  if  may  be.  I  do  engage  to  do 
my  best  endeavour  to  get  a  discharge  for  my  company  or  if  that  fails  to  come 
again  myselfe  hither  within  the  time  mentioned- 

Simon  Willard. 
(Vol.  36,  page  55,  Mass.  Archivi,  i)- 

The  following  is  a  letter  from  Capt.  Sylvanus  Davis  to  the  gov- 
ernment of  Massachusetts,  under  date  of  May  12,  1690,  five  days 
before  the  attack  commenced  upon  Fort  Loyall.  Capt.  Davis  was 
not  an  educated  man,  and  some  of  his  writing  is  hardly  legible, 
but  we  get  from  him  a  clear  statement  of  the  state  of  affairs  then 
existing,  and  the  patriotism  of  Captain  Davis  and  his  brave 
associates  is  clearly  exhibited:  . 


To  THE  Honorable  Governor  and 
Council  in  Boston. 
Honorable  Gentlemen, 

I  am  Greeved  at  this  time  that  I  have  causes  to  p'sent  your 
honors  with  these  lines ;  it  is  not  to  complane  of  any  particular  person,  but  as 
duty  obleeges  me  to  acquaint  you  with  the  conditions  of  this  poore  town,  that 
after  the  Grate  and  charge  you  have  bin  at  for  our  defense,  both  with  men  and 
other  nessery"  in  a  large  method  and  all  see  such  rules  that  you  were  pleased 
to  order  to  bee  taken  to  keep  those  of  our  inhabitants  what  was  then  remaining 
amongst  us  &  that  they  should  bee  sufred  to  draw  of  and  Leave  us,  for  sence 
your  Honors  Last  order  came  by  Lt.  Thaddeus  Clark,  there  are  gone  of  nearly 
20  men.  Soe  that  wee  have  harly  8  men  in  our  town  but  what  are  listed  or  Im- 
pressed Souldjers  which  needed  not  have  bin,  if  thoes  that  did  pretend  to  bee 
in  absolute  power  would  nave  bin  Industrious  in  what  they  did  intend  to  but  for 
want  of  dexterity  and  diligence,  our  people  are  gone  and  the  Town  is  broken 
up  and  the  Lives  &  ffortunes  of  thoes  that  haue  bin  &  are  willing  to  stay  &  to 
venture  thair  all  for  the  defence  of  their  majesties  Interest  Leyes  at  .Stake. 
Capt.  Willard  is  resailed  for  Boston  he  says  it  is  with  the  consent  of  the  chiefes 
(selectmen)  of  the  Town.     I  know  of  none  of  the  inhabitauts  y^  concent  to  y' 


68 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


except  his  own  Soudjers  &  thoes  of  our  inhabitants  that  are  listed  into  his 
company.  Hoping  that  they  may  draw  of  After  him  this  is  not  only  my  Judg- 
ment— but  the  chiefs  (selectman)  of  our  small  number  of  Inhabitants  are  of  the 
same  oppinion,  &  I  doe  really  believe  if  there  bee  not  some  speedy  corse  Taken 
here  will  be  only  left  thoes  few  in  the  fort  with  mee  and  3  or  4  of  the  inhabitants 
that  are  not  listed  and  zuee  will  hassard  our  lives  upon  the  place  rather  than 
Drawe  of  without  orders  naither  have  wee  any  desire  to  be  drawed  off,  but 
humbly  crave  your  Honorable  assistance  for  the  keeping  of  this  part  of  the 
province,  &  all  thoue  our  Inhabitants  bee  gone  that  may  bee,  as  many  of  them 
soone  Brotght  to  gether  that  may  be  sent  in  the  room  of  the  Souldjers  that  bee 
here.  Now  i  am  on  willing  to  Truble  yer  Honors  with  complaints,  i  wish  wee 
had  noe  needs,  i  am  shure  if  wee  had  Discharged  our  Dutys  in  our  plasses  ac- 
cording to  that  Trust  wee  have  taken  upon  us  and  the  powers  wee  have  pre- 
tended vnto  without  helps  &  men  we  might  have  done  more  for  God  and  there 
majestys  interests  &  the  Good  of  the  Country,  myselfe  &  others  have  often 
promoted  &  proflesed  that  a  party  of  our  men  should  be  scouting  abroad  some- 
time by  land,  soome  time  by  water  to  Indevor  to  discover  the  Hants  of  the 
Enemy,  but  we  have  Vin  still  honored  by  suggestions,  what  if  a  body  of  Indians 
should  come  upon  the  Town  the  while  &  such  like  it  is  a  pleasant  thing  for 
Souldjers  to  lay  still  in  Gai-rison.  offered  probitions  &  waste  admonition  on 
Grate  show  but  the  Souldjers  are  not  to  be  blamed  if  the  commander  will  let  it 
bee  soe.  what  i  write  it  is  Greefe  of  harte  to  Think  that  the  Bowells  of  the 
Country  as  spun  out  for  us  and  wee  neglect  our  duty,  y'  i  hope  in  Convenient 
time  to  make  it  appear  that  if  i  had  not  been  bono. 

This  day  two  men  going  over  the  water  to  plant,  one  was  kild,  the  other  was 
carried  away,  the  surcumstances  Capt.  Willard  can  fully  inform  you.  I  Haue 
Gaue  Majf  Phillips '  an  account  of  our  wants  being  seled  uj)  in  a  letter  to  him 
i  Did  not  intend  to  have  Trobbled  y'  with  many  Lines  but  I  am  Greeved  to  see 
our  poore  nabors  Destroyed  and  soe  Littel  care  Taken  amongst  our  folks  to 
Indiver  the  discovery  of  the  enemy  I  humbly  crave  y'  pardon  for  any  ing  I 
have  said  in  my  wrighting  baging  in  the  behalfe  of  the  small  number  of 
Inhabitants  that  wish  y"  contenuing  with  us  that  you  would  consider  our  con- 
dition and  that  if  it  may  Stand  with  your  ffavor,  our  Town  may  not  bee 
desarted.  praying  always  to  God  for  his  Grassious  presence  to  be  in  the  midst 
of  your  Councills  and  Blessyd  Gobernment.  Desiring  your  prayers  for  us  I 
subscribe  my  selfe  y'  Honors  most  Humble  Servant. 

SiLVANUs  Davis." 
May  y«  I2">,  1690. 

(Vol.  35,  Mass.  Archives). 


'  This  was  probably  Maj.  Wm.  Phillips  of  Saco,  from  whom  assistance  had 
been  asked. 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


69 


This  urgent  appeal  from  Capt.  Davis  met  with  no  response  from 
the  Massachusetts  Government,  and  the  inhabitants  of  this 
'  "  poor  town "  were  left  to  their  own  resources  to  defend  them- 
selves against  four  or  five  hundred  French  and  Indians,  who  were 
then  hovering  upon  their  borders. 

The  forces  which  were  to  be  arrayed  against  Falmouth,  came  into 
Casco  Bay,  from  the  Kennebec,  by  the  way  of  the  New  Meadows 
river.'  It  was  but  a  short  carry  for  them  to  transport  their  canoes 
across  the  neck  of  land  which  separates  the  two  waters.  No  white 
settlements  were  on  their  track,  as  the  whole  country  was  deserted 
by  the  inhabitants,  who  had  retired  to  the  protection  of  Fort 
Loyall. 

After  reaching  Casco  Bay,  they  made  their  rendezvous  on  some 
of  the  Islands.^  They  were  discovered  by  some  of  the  whites,  as 
their  fleet  of  canoes  passed  over  its  waters.  But  from  their  ap- 
pearance, it  was  not  supposed  that  they  would  molest  Casco  ;  and 
the  inhabitants  felt  more  confidence  in  their  security.  Meanwhile 
the  Indian  scouts  were  ascertaining  the  situation  of  affairs.  In 
the  darkness  of  the  night,  they  roamed  the  forests,  and  in  their 
canoes,  paddled  the  waters  ^  about  Fort  Loyall,  to  ascertain  its 
strength,  and  how  it  could  be  captured.  Its  shadowy  walls  and 
frowning  cannon  were  a  terror  and  menace  to  them.  They  re- 
membered their  defeat  by  the  valiant  men  of  Casco,  at  the  Brack- 
ett  farm,  the  fall  before,  which  made  them  cautious  and  wary. 
Portneuf's  commission  directed  him  to  lay  waste  the  English 
settlements,  and  not  to  attempt  fortified  places,*  But  they  knew 
quite  well  the  number  of  the  English  forces  left  after  the  departure 


'  New  Meadows  river  rises  in  Bath,  about  a  half  mile  from  Merry  Meeting 
Bay.  It  was  formerly  called  Stevens'  river.  The  narrow  neck  of  land  between 
was  called  Stevens'  carrying  place.     (History  of  Brunswick  etc.) 

*  The  Islands  in  Casco  Bay  were  the  favorite  resorts  of  the  Indians.  The 
clam  shell  heaps,  now  found  on  them,  show  an  extensive  occupation  of  them  by 
the  aborigines. 

'  "  Our  people  lay  on  the  nights  of  the  26  and  17th,  on  the  ocean  within  fifty 
feet  of  the  fort."    See  French  account  (p.  76,  post). 

*  Not  to  attack  fortified  places.    See  Ibid, 


t. 


70 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


of  Capt.  Willard,  and  they  also  knew  that  their  force  was  much 
larger  than  that  of  the  English. 

Some  of  the  Indian  scouts,  who  were  reconnoitering  on  Pre- 
sumpscot  bay,  near  the  falls,  killed  and  scalped  a  Scotchman,  by 
the  name  of  Robert  Greason.'  His  family  fled  in  terror  to  the 
protection  of  Casco,  some  four  miles  distant,  and  that  was  the 
first  notice  the  whites  had  of  the  expected  attack.  The  alarm  cry 
was  sounded.  The  few  soldiers  and  men  of  the  town  gathered  at 
the  fort  and  garrison  houses  with  promptness,  and  full  of  courage, 
ready  to  defend  their  homes  against  the  savage  foes.  They  did 
not  wait  long,  for  the  Indians  finding  that  they  were  discovered,  by 
the  alarms  sounded,  made  preparations  for  a  speedy  attack.  Amid 
the  darkness  of  the  night  of  the  fifteenth  of  May,  they  moved  their 
forces  from  the  islands  to  that  part  of  Munjoy  hill,  which  at  this 
day  bears  the  name  of  "  Indian  Cove,"  ^  near  the  G.  T.  R.  bridge. 
Munjoy  hill  was  then  covered  with  a  forest  growth,  except  a  por- 
tion of  it  near  the  present  observatory,  which  was  open  pasture 
land,  where  grazed  the  cattle  belonging  to  the  town.  At  Indian 
Cove,  the  Indians  were  hid  from  observation,  and  in  the  morning 
a  detachment  of  them  proceeded  to  the  top  of  Munjoy  hill,  and 
concealed  themselves  in  the  low  woods  and  underbrush,  to  the 
north  of  now  Congress  street,  waiting  for  the  opportunity  to  begin 
the  attack.  They  did  not  wait  long;  they  were  discovered  by 
some  of  the  soldiers  at  the  Lawrence  garrison  house,  which  was 
communicated  to  Capt.  Davis  and  the  forces  at  Fort  Loyall.  The 
brave  officers  resolved  upon  a  sortie,  and  an  attempt  to  dislodge 
and  drive  away  this  (as  it  was  supposed),  small  party  of  Indians. 
Toward  noon  a  party  of  young  men,  full  of  zeal  and  courage, 
under  the   command  of   Lieut.   Thaddeus   Clark,^   left  the  fort, 


*  He  was  a  Scotchman  and  lived  on  the  east  side  of  the  Presumpscot,  near 
the  falls.    (Willis,  p.  282). 

'  See  plan. 

'  As  regards  the  destruction  of  Thaddeus  Clark  and  party  in  a  note  to  Char- 
levoix's account,  III,  Shea  Ed.,  133-136.  It  is  said,  De  la  Potherie,  History  de 
I'Amerique,  Sept.  Ill,  p.  69.  say  thirty,  .ind  this  is  confirmed  by  Davis'  declara- 
tion, and  by  Williamson  History  Maine,  I,  620,  who  say  they  were  commanded 


DESTRUCTION  OF    FALMOUTH. 


7« 


marched  up  Broad  (now  India),  and  through  Queen  (now  Con- 
gress), to  the  foot  of  Munjoy  hill.  Not  a  drum  was  heard  or  a 
musical  sound,  as  they  marched  bravely  and  compactly  to  meet 
the  hidden  foe ;  with  the  valor  of  Englishmen  they  went  up  to 
Munjoy  hill  to  what  they  knew  would  be  certain  death  to  many  of 
them.  From  the  foot  of  the  hill  a  narrow  lane,  fenced  in  on  both 
sides,  extended  up  to  the  Lawrence  house,  occupying  nearly  the 
present  lines  of  Congress  street.  The  Indians  were  hid  behind 
the  fences,  and  in  the  woods.  The  force  of  Lieut.  Clark  marched 
up  this  lane,  but  made  no  discovery  until  within  a  short  distance 
of  the  place  of  ambush.  "  They  were  fired  upon,  and  before  they 
could  defend  themselves,  were  fallen  upon  by  the  French  and 
Indians,  with  their  swords  and  tomahawks  with  so  great  slaughter 
that  but  few  escaped,  and  they  badly  wounded."  The  foregoing  is 
one  account  of  the  affair.  I  now  give  Mather's  account  of  this 
encounter : ' 

"  Lieut.  Clark  with  near  thirty  of  the  stoutest  young  men,  ventured  out  as  far 
as  the  top  of  an  hill  in  the  entrance  to  the  wood,  half  a  mile  distant  from  the 
town.  The  outlet  from  the  town  to  the  wood  was  then  a  lane,  which  had  a 
certain  block-house  (Lawrence  House),  at  one  end  of  it;  and  the  English  were 
suspicious  when  they  came  to  enter  the  lane  that  the  Indians  were  lying  behind 
the  fence ;  because  the  cattle  stood  staring  that  way,  and  would  not  pass  into 
the  wood  as  they  used  to.  This  mettlesome  company  then  ran  up  to  the  fence 
with  an  huzza!  thinking  thereby  to  discourage  the  enemy  if  they  should  be 
hirking  there  ;  but  the  enemy  were  so  well  prepared  for  them  that  they  answered 
them  with  an  horrible  vengeance  that  they  killed  the  lieutenant  with  thirteen 
more  on  the  spot,  and  the  rest  escaped  with  much  ado  into  one  of  the  garri- 
sons "  (Lawrence  House). 

The  French  account  taken  from  the  Paris  Documents,^  is  the 
following,  viz. :  • 

"  At  noon  thirty  men  issued  from  the  principal  fort,  and  came  to  the  spot 

by  Lieut.  Thaddeus  Clark.  He  la  Potherie  History  de  I'Amerique,  Sept.  HI, 
p.  79,  and  Williamson,  I,  p.  020,  say  thirteen  men  fell  at  the  first  fire,  but  in  a 
note  on  p.  662,  hii  brings  the  same  matter  in  again  .is  a  massacre  after  the  sur- 
render. Gov.  Bradstreet  in  a  letter  to  Leisler,  May  ^o,  1690,  O.  S.,  makes  the 
party  sallying  out  twenty-six.    O'Callaghan's  Doc.  Hist.,  It,  p.  146. 

'  Magnalia,  ii,  Go'j,  604. 

»N.  Y.  Col.  Doc,  IX,  472. 


w 


ttuuamaxi^ULLUtiMM 


73 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


where  our  people  lay,  who  having  discharged  their  guns  at  ten  paces  distant, 
rushed  on  them  sword  and  hatchet  in  hand,  and  pursued  them  so  hotly  that  only 
five  of  them,  all  of  whom  were  wounded,  entered  the  fort  again.  As  our  men 
followed  hot  foot  they  were  exposed  to  the  fire  of  one  of  the  forts,  in  the  prox- 
imity of  which  they  hap|)ened  to  find  themselves.  One  Frenchman  received  a 
wound  in  the  thigh,  and  an  Indian  was  killed.  At  night  the  p\incipal  fort  was 
summoned  to  surrender,  but  an  answer  was  returned  '  ///«/  tAey  should  defend 
themselves  to  the  death.''  " 


Thus  was  the  commencement  of  that  struggle  which  lasted  four 
days  and  nights,  and  which  so  resounded  to  the  honor  and  glory 
of  our  ancestors  and  forefathers. 

After  this  disheartening  event,  the  destruction  of  Clark  and  his 
party,  the  few  who  were  left  retreated  to  the  protection  of  the 
Lawrence  garrison  house.  This  was  a  wooden  block  house  in  its 
upper  story,  with  a  stone  foundation.  The  inmates  defended 
themselves  during  the  day,  and  at  night  the  Indians  withdrew. 
The  defenders  knew  that  the  attack  would  be  renewed  in  the 
morning,  with  an  increased  force  of  the  enemy,  and  they  being 
short  of  ammunition,  withdrew,  as  did  the  occupants  of  the  other 
garrison  houses  in  the  town,  during  the  siege  to  the  protection  of 
Fort  Loyall.  Before  leaving  the  Lawrence  garrison,  they  fired  a 
slow  match  leading  to  a  quantity  of  powder  in  a  cask,  hoping  that 
after  they  had  left,  and  the  enemy  entered,  an  explosion  might 
take  place,  which  would  destroy  their  assailants.  But  the  first 
Indian  who  entered,  in  the  gray  of  the  morning,  spied  the  burning 
match  and  extinguished  it. 

During  the  night  of  the  i6th  of  May,  all  the  forces  from  the 
garrison  houses  were  withdrawn  into  Fort  Loyall,  and  also  all  the 
inhabitants,  young  and  old,  the  weak  and  the  strong,  the  mother 
and  her  infant  children ;  to  the  number  of  two  hundred  or 
more,  found  a  hoped  for  refuge  and  place  of  safety,  within  the 
wooden  walls  of  this  protected  fort.  The  fighting  force  was  not 
above  seventy  men.  The  brave  Lieut.  Clark  was  no  more.  Capt. 
Davis,  Lieuts,  Lawrence,  Brackett,'  and  others,  encouraged  and 

'  See  Anthony  Brackett  (p.  8i,  post).  , 


7-5 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


n 


cheered  the  small  band  of  heroes.  It  was  a  time  of  dread  sus- 
pense. No  hope  or  expectation  of  assistance  from  any  quarter 
could  he  had.  Capt.  Willard  and  his  soldiers  had,  by  the  weak- 
ness of  the  Massachusetts  government,  been  taken  away,  and  they 
had  but  their  own  strong  hands  and  their  hope  in  the  Almighty 
God  to  defend  them  against  the  savage  attack  to  be  made  in  a 
few  hours.  Who  can  doubt  that  from  the  well  known  religious 
character  of  Capt.  Davis  and  his  companions,  that  in  the  silent 
watches  of  the  night,  preceeding  the  day  of  the  battle,  that  the 
prayers  of  these  brave  men  ascended  to  the  God  of  battles  for 
his  support  in  this  hour  of  their  despair. 

They  hoped,  that  by  the  aid  of  their  cannon,  they  might  be  able 
to  repulse  and  drive  away  the  enemy,  —  if  a  breach  was  made,  so 
that  their  foes  could  enter,  there  would  be  no  hope  for  them,  that 
they  would  be  destroyed  by  overpowering  numbers. 

On  the  next  morning,  the  i6th,  the  enemy  commenced  the  attack; 
with  flaming  torches,  setting  on  fire  the  deserted  houses  in  the 
immediate  vicinity  of  Fort  Loyall,  and  the  skies  were  illumined 
by  the  conflagration.  The  houses  on  Broad  (India  street),  Thames 
and  Fore  streets,  were  soon  in  flames.  The  horrors  of  the  situa- 
tion can  be  imagined  at  this  time ;  the  distress  and  anguish  of 
those  in  the  fort,  as  they  witnessed  the  destruction  of  their  homes 
can  be  conceived.  But  in  this  dark  hour  of  despair  did  our 
fathers  show  any  lack  of  courage  or  want  of  bravery  ?  No  !  When 
the  fort  was  surrounded  by  the  bands  of  French  and  savage  In- 
dians, who,  amid  their  terrifiic  yells  and  savage  war-whoops,  de- 
manded its  immediate  surrender,  according  to  French  accounts, 
the  reply  of  the  commander  of  the  fort  was,  "  T/taf  they  should 
defend  themselves  to  the  death  I '^  Nobly  they  did  it ;  and  nobly  they 
died.  The  first  day  of  the  siege  passed  with  no  definite  results, 
the  enemy  having  gained  no  advantages.  The  bcjieged  watched 
every  exposed  situation,  and  whenever  a  gathering  of  the  besieg- 
ers was  made,  the  cannon  of  the  fort  sent  death  and  destruction 
among  them.     The  next  day,  May  17th,  the  French  leaders  be- 

'N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  IX,  473.  ■  > 


I 

i 


74 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


came  satisfied,  that,  notwithstanding  their  larger  force  that  they 
had,  they  could  not  capture  the  fort.  Having  no  cannon  to  make 
a  breach  in  its  walls,  they  could  only  with  their  guns  pick  off  those 
of  its  defenders  who  exposed  themselves.  The  cannon  of  the 
fort  prevented  any  attempt  being  made  to  take  it  by  storm.  It 
was  at  length  determined  to  make  a  breach  under  the  bank  to  its 
foundation.  In  the  deserted  garrisons  they  found  tools  suitable  for 
the  purpose,  and  they  began  a  mine  witliip  fifty  feet  of  the  fort, 
under  a  steep  bank,  which  entirely  protected  them  from  its  guns.' 
At  what  part  of  the  fort  this  trench  or  mine  was  dug  is  at  tliis  day 
a  matter  of  conjecture  only.  My  impression,  from  a  knowledge 
of  its  location,  before  the  changes  that  have  since  been  made 
there,  are  that  the  trench  was  dug  from  the  India  street  side,  in 
an  easterly  direction ;  as  the  rock  formation  on  the  other  side  of 
the  fort  would  prevent  any  such  work. 

During  these  days  of  siege  the  red-crossed  banner  of  England 
floated  over  the  Fort.  On  both  sides  the  firing  was  sharp  and 
heavy.  The  roar  of  the  cannon  echoing  in  the  surrounding  forests, 
the  reports  of  musketry,  the  flaming  houses  of  the  inhabitants,  the 
war-whoops  and  yells  of  the  savages  outside  the  palisades,  the 
cries  and  fears  of  women  and  children  inside  the  Fort  who  saw 
their  husbands  and  fathers  fall  before  the  bullets  of  the  French, 
or  brought  in  wounded  to  die  in  the  arms  of  their  loved  ones, 
were  scenes  of  terror  that  can  hardly  be  described  or  imagined. 

The  defenders  of  the  fort  were  but  a  small  and  feeble  band ; 
but  they  firmly  stood,  repelling  the  assaults  of  the  foe.  Whenever 
a  Frenchman  or  Indian  exposed  themselves  a  musket  bullet  found 
its  way  to  them.  The  English  wasted  much  ammunition  in  their 
vain  efforts  to  dislodge  their  besiegers,  who,  in  undermining  the 
fort,  were  in  such  a  situation  that  they  were. protected  from  its 
cannon.  Capt.  Davis  encouraged  his  men  to  renewed  exertions, 
knowing  well  that  if  the  fort  surrendered  to  the  Indians  no  quarter 
could  be  expected,  and  they  preferred  to  meet  their  deaths  defend- 


'N.Y.  Col.  Man.,  IX,  472. 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


75 


ing  themselves  and  families  on  the  walls  of  the  fort,  than  trust 
themselves  to  the  mercies  of  their  savage  foes. 

It  was  found  that  the  mine  commenced  by  the  enemy  under  the 
walls  of  the  fort  was  proving  a  success,  that  in  a  day  or  two  the 
results  expected  would  be  accomplished,  and  a  further  defense  of 
the  fort  would  be  useless.  The  last  day  of  the  siege  was  May 
20th,  of  which  the  anniversary  was  yesterday.  Another  terror 
was  added  to  the  horrors  that  surrounded  this  brave  band.  At 
diflferent  times  during  the  siege  attempts  had  been  made  to  set 
fire  to  tlie  fort  and  the  buildings  therein  enclosed ;  flaming  arrows 
and  combustibles  had  been  fired  by  the  Indians,  but  they  had 
been  unsuccessful.  The  flames  they  kindled  had  been  ev*in- 
guished.  But  on  the  last  day  of  the  siege  a  machine  '  (as  tho 
French  termed  it),  had  been  obtained  which  was  probably  an  ox- 
cart, which  was  filled  with  combustible  materials,  including  a  bar- 
rel of  tar  (birch  bark ').  This  cart  was  pushed  up  the  trench  that 
had  been  made,  close  up  to  the  walls  of  the  fort.  Those  who 
were  pushing  it  up  were  protected  by  the  cart  from  the  fire  of 
those  in  the  fort.  The  flames  soon  began  to  crackle  and  take 
hold  of  the  logs  of  which  the  palisades  were  constructed.  The 
inmates  of  the  fort  then  knew  that  they  were  doomed,  that  no 
choice  was  left  to  them  but  to  surrender  or  be  destroyed  in  the 
flames.  Up  to  that  time  the  English  did  not  appear  to  know  that 
there  were  any  French  among  their  assailants,  supposing  from  the 
equipment  and  dress  that  they  were  all  Indians.  Some  order 
given  by  the  French  leader  in  French  accent  reaches  the  ear  of 
Capt.  Davis,  which  gave  him  a  ray  of  hope.  If  there  were  any 
whites  among  their  foes  would  they  not  respect  the  rights  of  war 
and  humanity,  and  protect  them  if  they  surrendered  from  their 
savage  associates?  Up  went  the  white  flag  of  surrender!  I  here 
give  Capt.  Davis'  account  of  what  was  done  : 

"  We  then  demanded,"  he  says,  "  if  there  were  any  French  among  them,  and 

'  Probably  a  large  ox-cart. 

*  Bradstreet  to  Leisler  mentions  the  use  of  birch  bark  to  fire  the  place.    (N. 
Y.  Doc.  His.,  II,  146). 


p   h 


76 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


if  they  would  give  us  quarter  ?  The  response  came  bark  from  the  leader  in 
command  that  there  were  Frenchmen,  and  would  give  us  good  quarter.  -  Upon 
that  we  sent  out  to  them  again  to  know  from  whence  they  came,  and  if  they 
would  give  us  good  quarter.  Loth  for  ou;  men,  women  and  children,  both 
wounded  and  sound,  and  that  we  rhoukl  have  liberty  to  march  to  the  next  Eng- 
lish town,  and  have  a  guard  for  our  defence  and  safety  unto  the  next  English 
town,  —  then  we  would  surrender,  —  and  also  that  the  Governor  of  the  French 
should  hold  up  his  hand  and  swear  by  the  great  and  everlasting  God,  that  the 
several  articles  should  be  performed.  All  of  which  he  did  solemnly  swear  to 
perform,  but  as  soon  as  they  had  us  in  their  custody,  they  broke  their  articles, 
suffered  our  women  and  children  and  our  men  to  be  made  captives  in  the  hands 
of  the  heathen ;  to  be  cruelly  murdered  and  destroyed,  many  of  them,  especially 
the  wounded  men ;  only  the  French  kept  myself  and  3  or  4  more,  and  carried 
us  over  land  t"  Canada." 


The  French  account  of  the  capture,  taken  from  the  French 
Archives,'  is  as  follows : 

"  The  Count  was  not  to  attack  any  fort  for  fear  of  losing  too  many  people, 
but  to  attend  exclusivc'.y  to  laying  waste  'he  count.'T'.  This  order  could  not 
be  executed,  all  the  surrounding  places  having  been  abandoned  in  consecjuence 
of  notice  of  the  approach  of  this  party  having  been  given  by  a  soldier,  ,vho  had 
been  with  M.  Hertel,  and  had  been  taken  prisoner  by  the  English.  Under 
these  circumstances  it  was  unanimously  resolved  to  attack  the  large  fort  in 
force,  as  it  was  impossible  to  capture  it  otherwise.  The  entire  of  the  enemy 
had  withdrawn  into  it;  and  had  abandoned  the  four  smaller  ones.  Our  people 
lay  during  the  nights  of  the  26th  ^nd  27th  (May)  on  the  ocean,  within  fifty  paces 
of  the  fort,  under  cover  of  a  very  bold  bluff,  whence  they  had  no  fear  of  the 
enemy's  continued  cannonadings  and  heavy  fire  of  musquetry.  On  the  night 
of  the  28th,  the  trench  (traversee)  was  opened.  Our  Ca'iadians  and  Indians 
had  not  m-'^h  experience  in  that  mode  of  besieging  p  ^^es.  ncy  did  not  fail 
to  work  vigorously,  and  by  good  fortune  found  in  the  forts  that  had  been  aban- 
doned, some  implements  wheiewith  to  remove  the  tarth.  This  work  advanced 
with  such  rapidity  that  the  enemy  demanded  a  parley.  In  tne  coarse  of  the 
night  of  the  28th,  they  were  required  to  surrender  their  fort,  stores  and  garri- 
son. They  asked  on  iheir  side  for  six  days  to  consider  their  proposals.  They 
were  allowed  only  the  night  to  make  up  their  minds,  and  the  work  continued. 
Their  fire  redoubled  the  next  morning.  They  then  threw  a  quantity  of  grenades 
without  much  effect.  On  arriving  by  trenches  at  the  palisades,  preparations 
were  made  to  set  those  on  fire  by  means  of  a  barrel  of  tar,  that  had  also  been 

'N.Y.  Co).  Doc,  IX,  471,  472. 


I 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


77 


discovered,  and  some  combustibles.  Seeing  this  machine  approaching  very 
near  them,  and  not  being  able  to  prevent  it,  those  who  pushed  it  along  being 
sheltered  in  the  trench,  they  hoisted  a  white  flag  in  order  to  capitulate.  Their 
commander  surrendered  himself  shortly  after  to  Sieur  de  Portneuf,  and  the 
entire  garrison,  and  those  of  the  fort  marched  out  to  the  number  of  70  men,  ex- 
clusive of  women  and  children.  They  vcrc  all  conducted  to  the  camp.  A  mo- 
ment after  four  vessels  crowded  with  people  made  their  appearance,  but  seeing 
no  English  flag  flying,  they  retired.'  (This  statement  I  do  not  find  authenti. 
Gated  from  any  othei  source.)  The  fort  was  fired,  the  guns  spiked,  the  stores 
burnt,  and  all  the  inmates  made  prisoners.  The  Indians  retained  a  majority  of 
thctn.  Capt.  Davis,  the  comir  "ider,  and  two  daughters  of  his  lieutenant  who 
had  been  killed  (Thaddeus  Clark),  were  brought  hither  (Quebec)  with  some 
others.  Our  people  decamped  on  the  first  of  June,  after  having  set  fire  to  all 
the  houses  they  found  within  a  circle  of  two  leagues,  all  of  which  were  unoccu- 
pied. They  arrived  here  (Quebec)  on  the  23d  of  the  same  month,  St.  John's 
eve.  One  Frenciiman  had  his  arm  broken  by  a  cannon  ball,  and  an  Indian  re- 
ceived a  wound  in  the  thigh." 

This  French  account  from  which  I  have  quoted,  is  an  extract 
of  a  letter  from  M.  de  Monseignat,^  to  the  celebrated  M.  de. 
Maintenon,3  giving  an  account  of  the  most  remarkable  occur- 
rences in  Canada,  from  November,  1689  to  November,  1690. 

Both  of  these  accounts  agree  as  to  the  terms  of  surrender 
granted  by  the  leader  of  the  French,  Sieur  de  Portneuf,  to  the 
brave  garrison,  and  they  also  agree  that  the  treaty  was  barbarously 


'  These  vessels  were  undoubtedly  the  shallop  and  other  boats  which  came 
from  I'iscataqua  river,  of  which  mention  is  made  (post). 

*M.  de  Monseignat  was  Comptroller  General  of  the  marine  and  fortifications 
of  New  France,  rie  was  a  protege  of  the  celebrated  M.  de  Maintenon,  and 
was  the  Secre'  iry  of  Governor  Frontenac.     (N.  Y.  Col.  Doc,  IX,  491,  663). 

^  Maintenon  Francoise  d'  Aubif^ne,  Marchionesse  de,  second  wife  of  Louis 
XIV,  of  France,  was  born  Nov.  17,  1635,  and  died  April  15,  1719.  She,  at  the 
age  tif  sixteen  years,  married  the  deformed  poet,  Scarron.  She  was  at  that 
time  extremely  graceful  and  witty.  Iter  husband  died  in  October,  1660.  She 
received  from  Louis  a  pension  of  2,000  francs  a  year,  and  in  1669  he  made  her 
governess  of  his  children.  She  was  made  a  Marchionesse  under  the  name  of 
Maintenon.  The  Queen  was  much  attached  to  her,  and  died  in  her  arms, 
July  30,  1683.  Some  time  after,  Louis  XIV,  who  had  vainly  solicited  her  to 
become  his  mistress,  was  secretly  marrictl  to  her.  From  that  time  to  his  death, 
the  King  was  greatly  under  her  influence,  though  she  exercised  her  power  with 
prudence  and  judgment.  After  the  death  of  the  King,  she  retired  to  the  Con- 
vent of  St.  Cyr,  where  she  spent  the  rest  of  her  life  in  acts  of  charity  and  de- 
votional exercises.     (Amer.  Cyclopedia,  XI,  39,  40). 


78 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


and  grossly  violated.  The  French  account  slurs  over  the  mas- 
sacre, by  saying  that  "the  Indians  retained  the  majority  of  t/iem" 
the  prisoners,  which  is,  that  they  being  given  by  the  French  into 
the  hands  of  the  Indians  were  cruelly  murdered.  The  notorious 
Indian  chief,  Hopegood,  is  said  to  have  been  one  of  the  principal 
actors  in  the  bloody  scene.'  At  least  two  hundred  persons,  men, 
women  and  children,  surrendered.  Not  more  than  ten  or  twelve 
of  them  had  their  lives  spared.  I'his  savage  massacre  must  al- 
ways stand  as  a  foul  blot  upon  the  reputation  of  the  French  of- 
ficers who  commanded  at  this  siege.  To  the  honor  of  Frontenac, 
the  Governor  of  Canada,  it  may  be  said  that  when  the  expedition 
returned  to  Canada,  and  a  report  was  made  to  him  of  the  murder 
of  the  prisoners,  he  was  very  angry  with  Portneuf,  and  denounced 
his  cruelty,  and  took  all  the  means  in  his  power  to  obtain  from 
the  Indians  the  captives  they  had  brought  to  Canada. 

An  attempt  has  been  made  to  place  the  barbarity  of  the  French 
and  Indians  upon  Baron  de  Castine  as  being  the  leader  of  the 
torces.  And  here  Williamson  in  his  history  of  Maine  implicates 
St.  Castine  in  an  act  of  the  grossest  perfidy.  He  says  :  "  That  by 
the  articles  of  capitulation  it  was  stipulated  that  all  within  the 
garrison  should  receive  kind  treatment,  and  be  allowed  to  go  to 
the  nearest  provincial  towiis  under  the  protection  of  a  guard ;  to 
the  faith  and  observance  of  which  Castine  lifted  his  hand  and 
swore  by  the  everlasting  God.  The  gates  were  then  opened,  when 
a  scene  ensued  which  shocks  humanity.  The  prisoners  who  were 
seventy  in  number,  besides  women  and  children,  were  called 
heretics,  rebels  and  traitors,  the  dupes  of  a  Dutch  usurper,  and 
treated  with  every  insult  and  abuse."  It  do'js  not  appear  upon 
what  authority  this  statement  relative  to  Castine  is  made.  It  can- 
not be  correct.  Capt.  Davis  who  is  the  English  authority  in  regard 
to  the  surrender,  says,  "  it  was  the  governor  of  the  French  who 
held  up  his  hand,''  &c.     Baron  de  Castine  was  neither  the  gover- 

'  Ho])C}Tood.  Not  long  after  this,  Hopegood  ended  his  cruel  career,  by  being 
slain  in  Canada  by  some  Indians  who  took  him  for  an  Irocjuois.  He  had  once 
been  a  captive,  and  served  a  time  in  Boston  as  a  slave.  (Drake's  Indians,  III, 
Ii8). 


si^jm 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


79 


nor  or  the  commander  of  the  French.  Portneuf  was  the  governor. 
But  Charlevoix,  who  is  one  of  the  French  authorities,  says  :  "  Port- 
neuf told  the  governor  (of  the  fort)  tnat  he  must  expect  no  con- 
ditions as  a  prisoner  of  war  with  all  his  garrison."  ' 

There  is  no  e\idence  that  Castine  was  the  leader  in  this  attack. 
His  former  reputation  of  kind  treatment  to  prisoners  would  seem 
to  preclude  the  idea  that  his  influence  was  on  the  side  of  cruelty 
to  those  defenceless  persons. 

Another  account  (History  of  Acadia,  Hannay,  p.  230),  says : 
"  This  expedition  differed  from  the  others  by  reason  of  the  fact 
that  the  English  were  not  surprised,  but  the  overwhelming  number 
of  the  enemy  made  the  result  the  same."  The  same  author  says 
that  some  of  the  Indians  who  attacked  Casco  were  from  the  St. 
John. 

Charlevoix,  Shea  Ed.,  4,  133,  says  "Casco  Bay  (Kaskebe),  was 
a  town  on  the  sea-coast,  with  a  very  well  built  fort.  It  had  eight 
pieces  of  artillery  mounted,  and  lacked  neither  ammunition  or 
provisions."  A  note  to  this  says;  "The  place  called  by  the 
French  '  Kaskebe,'  their  mode  of  writing  Casco  Bay,  which  they 
took  for  the  name  of  the  town,  was  Falmouth,  now  Portland, 
Maine.  The  fort  was  Fort  Loyal.  It  stood  at  the  foot  of  King 
street."  Me.  His.  Coll.,  I,  p.  203  ;  N.  Y.  Col.  Doc,  IX,  472  ; 
Willis  Portland,  p.  284. 

Thus  was  Fort  Loyall  captured  and  destroyed.  Thus  was  the 
infant  settlement  of  Falmouth  swept  out  of  existence.  Thus  were 
its  brave  defenders  cruelly  murdered.  It  was  the  Government  of 
Massachusetts,  who  were  criminally  responsible  for  this  severe 
disaster  to  the  rising  settlements  of  Maine.  They  closed  their 
ears  against  the  piteous  ^npeals  for  assistance  that  came  from 
those  whom  they  should  have  protected,  and  left  them  to  die  on 
their  own  hearth  stones,  defending  their  homes,  their  families  and 
their  honor. 

Massachusetts  was  for  some  two  years  even  unmindful  of  the 
rights  of  sepulture,  which   these   poor  victims   were  entitled  to. 

'Maine  His,  Soc  Coll.,  Vll,  60. 


X 


8o 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


Her  ships  were  passing  to  and  from  Nova  Scotia  and  Canada, 
returning  witli  the  victors  of  AnnapoUs,  and  the  defeated  forces 
who  had  made  the  attempt  on  Quebec.  But  the  bones  of  the  de- 
fenders of  Casco  lay  through  the  bleaching  suns  and  winter's 
snows  until  1692,  when  on  one  of  Church's  expeditions  from  Bos- 
ton to  Pemaquid  to  build  a  fort  there.  Sir  William  Phipps  accom- 
panied them.     In  the  narrative  of  the  expedition  it  is  said: 

"Coming  to  Boston  his  Excellency  having  got  all  things  in  readiness,  embark- 
ed on  board  their  transports,  his  Excellency  going  in  person  with  them  bound 
to  Pemaquid.  Ikit  in  that  way  they  stopped  at  Casco,  and  buried  the  bones  of 
the  dead  people  there,  and  took  off  the  great  guns  that  were  there,  then  went  to 
Pemaquid."  A  note  says :  "  That  is  the  bones  of  those  who  had  been  destroyed 
there  by  the  savaj.es  under  the  Sieur  Ilartel,  17"*  May,  1690."' 

Probably  these  remains  were  placed  in  one  grave,  of  which  no 
record  exists.  It  is  hoped  that  the  Eastern  Cemetery,  the  ancient 
city  of  our  dead,  which  at  that  time  was  the  common  burial 
ground,  was  the  recipient  of  the  bones  of  those  whose  place  of 
sepulchre  is  unknown,  to  whom  our  gratitude  and  reverence  are 
due. 

The  names  of  but  few  of  those  wlio  died  on  those  days  are 
known.  A  few  names  have  come  down  to  us  from  the  past.  The 
Lieut.   Thaddeus   Clark, ^  whose  descendants  are   with  us.     John 

*  Church  expeditions,  2  — . 

*  Thaddeus  Clark  came  from  Ireland.  He  married  Eliz.ibeth,  the  second 
daughter  of  Michael  Mitton.  Although  a  man  of  standing  and  enterprise,  he 
had  a  limiti-d  .ducation,  his  signature  to  instruments  was  made  by  a  mark. 
He  had  gr;!>.i  tl  him  by  his  wife's  mother,  ['Elizabeth  Mitton,  one  hundred  acres 
of  land  at  CI  ..k's  point,  now  where  the  Gas  Works  are  located.  He  built  a 
house  on  the  bank,  between  the  present  Tyng  and  State  streets.  His  elder 
daughter  maii-ic"d  Cajjt.  Edward  Tyng,  whose  desendants  in  the  female  line  are 
now  residents  of  our  city.  Another  daughter  married  a  Harvey;  was  a  widow 
in  Boston  •n  1719.  His  son,  Isaac,  was  living  in  Framinghani  in  1718.  His 
wido>v,  ui.d  I'.r.uiddaughtei  of  CJeorge  Clceve,  died  in  Boston,  1736,  aged  02 
years  (Willis,  \i\:.  139,  292),  which  would  make  her  eighteen  years  of  age  at  tne 
tiTie  of  her  m;..'riage.  Thaddeus  Clark  was  a  military  man  of  experience  ;  and 
at  the  time  of  the  attack  upon  Casco,  was  in  his  matured  years.  He  certainly 
showed  great  bravory  on  that  occasion,  by  leading,  as  it  may  be  termed,  a 
"  forlorn  hoi)e  "  to  attack  the  savages  in  their  ambush  on  Muiijoy  'fill.  His 
two  daughters  were  carried  away  captives,  but  were  returned  Mr.  Willis' 
statement  res|)ecting  his  education  must  have  been  a  mistake,  for  a  letter  of  his 
in  existence,  dcscrioing  the  Indian  attack  on  Casco,  1676,  shows  a  great  degree 
of  intelligence,  unusual  at  ihat  time.     (N.  E.  His.  &  Gen.  Keg.,  31,  289). 


DESTRUCTION  OF   FALMOUTH. 


8i 


Parker  and  his  son  James.'  They  were  the  ancestors  of  the  late 
distinguished   jurist,   Isaac   Parker,   of   Mass.     Thomas   Cloice,' 

Seth  Brackett,'  son  of  Anthony.     From  Danvers  were Alsop 

and  Edward  Crocker,  and  George  Bogwell ;  a  soldier  from  Lynn 
was  named  Joseph  Ramsdell.  Lieut.  Lawrence,  one  of  Casco's 
active  men,  was  mortally  w  junded.  But  of  the  great  majority  of 
them  their  names  will  never  be  known  except  on  the  roll  of  the 
Archangel,  when  "  his  trump  shall  awake  the  dead  to  life." 

The  names  of  most  of  the  prisoners  who  were  carried  to  Canada 
have  been  preserved.  There  were  Sarah  and  her  sister,  daughters 
of  Lieut.  Clark ;  Capt.  Sylvanus  Davis,  Lieut.  Anthony  Brackett, 


'Hon.  J.  H.  Drummond  has  furnished  me  with  the  following,  viz.:  "John 
Parker  was  the  second  son  of  John  Parker,  "  ihe  fisherman,"  who  came  from 
Biddeford  in  England,  and  was  in  Saco  in  1636,  but  \,'ent  afterwards  to  George- 
town, and  in  1650  bought  Parker's  Island  of  the  Indians.  The  date  of  the 
fathers'  death  is  unknown,  but  it  was  before  July,  i66i.    The  son,  John,  was 

born  in  Saco,  according  to  tradition;  he  married,  Aug.  20,  1660,  Mary  Fair- 
field, daughter  of  Daniel  Fain  eld,  of  Boston;  he  purchased  of  the  Indians 
nearly  all  the  territory  that  makes  the  present  town  of  Phippsburg ;  other 
parties  claimed,  under  other  titles,  and  on  July  15,  1684,  Richard  Wharton 
made  an  indenture  with  him,  in  which  it  was  recited  that  John  Parker  "  for 
twenty  years  past  has  been  seized  of  lands  between  Kennebec  river  and  Casco 
Bay,  bounded  on  the  north  by  Winnegance  Creek,"  and  by  which  Parker's 
land  was  conferred  to  him,  in  whole  and  in  part.  His  son  James  was  killed 
with  him ;  his  daughter  Elizabeth,  then  unmarried,  administered  on  his  estate 
in  1700;  he  left  another  son,  Daniel,  the  great-grandfather  of  Isaac  !  rker,  the 
celebrated  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Massachusetts.  '  'ording 
to  the  deposition  of  John  Phillips,  John  Parker  had  three  other  daughters,  but 
it  is  cpiiie  certain  that  he  fell  inlo  the  error  of  confounding  another  John  Par- 
ker, who  had  three  daughters,  with  this  John  Parker. 

^Thomas  Cloice  was  the  son  of  John  and  Julian  Cloice.  He  married 
Susannah,  a  dau.  of  Geo.  Lewis.     He  had  three  children.     (Willis,  p.  292). 

3  Seth  rmd  Anthony  Brackett  were  the  sons  of  Anthony,  who  with  his  brother 
Thomas,  were  amoi'g  the  earliest  settlers  of  Casco.  They  both  came  from 
Portsmouth,  Ivi.  il.,  and  occupied  an  '.mportant  place  in  our  former  history. 
They  are  the  ancestors  of  all  of  that  name  who  reside  with  us.  Anthony,  the 
elder,  was  killed  at  the  battle  on  his  farm  in  1689.  Of  the  children  by  his  first 
wife,  Lieut.  Anthony,  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  capture  of  Fort  Loyall,  and 
escaped  in  September  following.  He  rendered  the  country  very  acceptable 
service  during  the  war,  and  finally  settled  in  Boston.  Seth,  the  second  son,  was 
kill.  A  at  the  time  of  the  capture  of  the  fort.  Thomas,  the  brother  of  the  first 
Anthony,  was  killed  by  the  Indians  in  1676,  and  his  family  carried  into  captivity. 
(Willis,  p.  290). 


8d 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL, 


jr.,  James  Ross,='  Thomas  Parker,'  Peter  Morrill,  James  Alex- 
ander, 3  Joshua  Swanton  (a  boy),  Samuel  Yorke,'*  Samuel  Souter, 
Thomas  Baker  (a  boy),  Hannah  Wharton,s  or  Swarton,  and 
George  Gray.' 

These  were  carried  away  by  the  French  and  Indians,  and  gen- 
erally received  good  treatment  from  their  captors.  Some  of  them 
in  years  after  were  restored  to  their  former  homes  and  friends. 
Others  could  not  resist  the  allurements  of  the  Catholic  church,  be- 
came devotees  to  that  religion,  and  remained  in  their  new  homes 
aaring  their  lives,  and  at  their  deaths,  found  their  rest  on  the 
banks  of  that  beautiful  river  uf  the  north. 

I  vas  very  fortunate  in  finding  in  the  Secretary  of  State's  office, 
Boston,  the  following  paper,  which  has  never  been  published,  or  I 
think  ever  referred  to : 

[Hutchinson's  Papers,  Vol.  3,  Leaf  401]. 

"  A  tru  Relation  giuen  by  Robert  Watson  Captaine  before  the  Commanders 
of  the  souiklers  at  Wells  the  25  of  May,  1690; 

Consarning  the  maner  of  the  taking  and  distroying  of  Casco  bay. 

That  on  friday  morning  being  the  16  day  of  May  now  last  Past  one  Robert 
Watson  being  wanting  thare  Isued  out  of  seueriell  garisons  twenti  six  men  in 
sart  e  of  him  of  which  20  was  killed  in  uery  litell  time.  Imediately  the  enemi 
foute  with  the  garison  M'  Ingerson  and  stoutely  resisted  untill  euening  at  which 
time  the  aminition  being  dun  thay  of  the  s^  garison  Isued  out  and  got  to  the 


'  "  Among  the  names  of  English  captives  rescued  by  Mathew  Gary  at  Quebec 
in  Oct.,  1695,  were  Jam*  Ross,  Cascow,  Jam'  Alexander  do.,  Josp''  Swarton  boy, 
do.  names  of  those  Remaining  still  in  the  hands  of  the  ffrench  at  Canada, 
Sam"  York  of  Cascow,  Sara  Dauis  Cascow,  gerll,  Tho".  Baker  boy,  do.  George 
Gray  Do.  Do."     (N.  E.  His.  and  Gen.  Reg.,  24,  289). 

^  James  Ross  was  born  in  Falmouth,  1662,  son  of  James.  He  was  taken  pris- 
oner with  his  father's  family  in  1676,  and  again  in  1600  (at  the  capture  of  the 
fort).  He  was  a  shoemaker  by  trade,  and  occupied  his  father's  farm  at  Back 
Cove.  On  his  return  from  his  second  captivity  he  resided  at  Salem.  He  was 
living  in  Salem  in  1724."     (Willis,  p-  298). 

3  John  Gyles  in  the  narrative  of  his  captivity,  speaks  of  meeting  on  the  St. 
John's  river  a  captive  named  James  Alexander,  a  Jerseyman,  who  was  taken  at 
Falmouth.     (Willis,  p.  286). 

*  See  statement  of  Samuel  York,  post. 

'  See  Hannah  Swarton's  account  cf  her  captivity,  post. 


DESTRUCTION  OF   FALMOUTH. 


83 


fort  withe  ondly  the  damage  of  one  man  wounded  at  which  fort  the  enemi  as- 
salted  all  nite  the  17  day  in  the  morning  m'  Laronce  sent  to  Cap'  Dauis  for 
supli  of  men  which  was  refused  with  aduice  giuen  to  s<l  Larance  that  he  shoulde 
Come  to  the  forte  whiche  he  did  without  the  los  of  a  man  whare  the  enemi 
Continued  thare  assault  untill  untill  munday  morning  at  whiche  time  thay  fired 
two  houses  which  stood  ueari  neare  the  forte  and  Continaied  and  Continued 
thare  assault  untill  tuesday  untill  12  or  one  a  Clicke  at  which  time  thay  had 
brought  to  Perfection  trenches  oute  of  whiche  thay  put  15urche  rines  withe  fire 
arowes  to  the  forte  with  sume  furi  and  dilegence  that  thay  within  ware  not  able 
to  resist  and  seing  no  other  way  but  either  yeild  or  end  in  the  dredful  flames 
treated  withe  the  enemi  and  upon  solum  I'rotestations  to  them  made  that  all  the 
english  thare  should  be  safely  Conducted  without  ani  want  of  Prouision  to  Pis- 
catoqua  thay  Pretended  all  was  waste  so  far  the  forte  was  sorendered  about  thre 
cures  before  sunset  which  being  dun  these  Profidious  Promesers  Imediately 
Captivated  all  and  Caring  them  a  litell  way  whare  thay  did  after  astrange  and 
Cruell  maner  binde  them  to  stackse  in  the  grounde  streched  as  though  on  racks 
the  Cause  of  whiche  is  suposed  by  the  approche  of  sume  uesills  Rescind 
whiche  thay  lay  all  alonge  the  shore  excepte  the  guards  on  the  Captiues  whiche 
was  aboute  500  the  whole  then  being  aboute  500:  300  Indians  of  which  Hope- 
hood  was  Ceinrell  about  200  frenche  of  whiche  one  Burno  (or  Burns)  Com- 
mander the  number  of  Canews  thay  had  about  two  hundred  in  sum  of  whiche 
the  s"!  Watson  saw  foure  in  sum  tli  the  leaste  two  Indians  besides  the  squaes 
the  said  Watson  giues  an  act"  of  aboute  40  Persons  killed  and  68  Captiuated 
of  whiche  Captiues  there  is  38  men  was  in  the  forte  when  surendred  nine 
women  and  twenii  Children.  Sam"  Sherbon  Cap* 

The  Enemi  dothe  yet  Remaine  Shederike  Waltin,  Capt. 

in  wells  make  what  haste  you  Can  Joseph  Storer '    j  ;y*o„onts 

for  oure  Incuragement.  Icobod  Plaisted- 

yourse  to  sarve  in  what  wee  may  Richr<*  Brior  , 

Sam"  Wheelwright 

John  lite'.field 

There  is  somewhat  of  a  conflict  of  opinions    s  to  how  long  the 

'  Joseph  Storer  was  the  son  of  Wm.  Storer  of  Dover,  a  1  was  born  in  1648. 
He  was  actively  engaged  at  Wells  in  the  manufacture  of  h  iber.  He  was  com- 
■i._  issioned  a  lieutenant,  had  command  of  a  garrison,  but  was  not  called  into 
any  active  service  requiring  his  absence  from  the  garrison.  He  married  Han- 
nah, dau.  of  Roger  Hill  of  Saco,  and  had  eight  children  He  died  in  1730. 
At  the  period  of  his  death  he  was  the  wealthiest  man  in  Wells,  leaving  an  es- 
tate appraised  at  $5,000.     (History  of  Wells,  pp.  331,  333). 

*Ichabod  Plaisted,  sixth  son  of  Roger  and  Olive;  was  judge  v)f  Probate, 
1716-15;  married  5th  of  January,  1692,  Mary,  daughter  of  Christopher  Jose,  of 
Portsmouth,  and  had  four  children.  He  died  at  Piscataqua,  i6th  of  Nov., 
1715,  in  his  52d  year.     (Wentworth  Ger..,  I,  2y8).  w.  M.  s. 


84 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


siege  of  Fort  Loyall  lasted.  All  the  accounts,  both  French  and 
English,  that  I  have  had  access  to,  agree  that  it  lasted  five  days 
and  four  nights.  Capt.  Davis  says:  "The  i6th  of  May,  1690, 
about  dawning  began  our  fight,  the  20th  at  3  o'clock  afternoon  we 
were  taken." 

My  friend,  Wm.  M.  Sargent,  Esq.,  has  kindly  furnished  me  with 
copies  of  some  papers  in  reference  to  the  capture 'of  Casco  and 
Fort  Loyall,  which  he  has  found  in  the  Massachusetts  archives, 
and  the  following  gives  a  somewhat  dififerent  version  from  the 
statements  of  Capt.  Davis  and  others  : 

'•LETTER  TO    MAJOR  VAUGHAN   AT   PORTSMOUTH. 

Sago  y«  18"'  May  1690. 

Maj'  vahan  or  Maj'  davis. 
Sr  these  with  respects  to  you  and  to  acquant  you  that  yesterday  Casco  for"  is 
taken  and  Burnd  down :  we  have  account  pr  2  men  went  frome  Spurwinks  and 
saw  it  a  fire  we  hard  fight  2  days  and  nights. 

Our  hubble  Request  to  you  is  to  send  vesselles  to  Carry  of  our  women  and 
children  and  what  we  have  or  else  we  perrish. 
So        I  remain  Your  friend  &  St. . 


Edward  Sargent.' 


and  if  possible  men  to  asist  us  carry  of  our  cattle. 
(Mass.  Archives,  36,  p.  70). 


'  Edward  Sargent,  son  and  oldest  child  of  John  Sargent  (mentioned  below), 
born  at  Saco,  8th  March,  1661 ;  called  "  Captain  R.  D.  C,"  in  1690  ;  was  early 
entrusted  with  responsible  positions  by  his  fellow-townsmen ;  Dec.  3,  1681, 
was  chosen  to  agree  on  a  highway,  with  Cape  Porpoise  men;  21st  May,  1688, 
was  chosen  Commissioner  for  Saco  and  Cape  Porpoise.  The  date  of  the  birth 
of  his  fourth  child  shows  that  he  removed  his  wife  and  family  to  Portsmouth 
for  safety,  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Second  War,  but  himself  remained  at  his 
post  as  captain  of  the  fort  at  Saco,  as  is  shown  by  the  mention  of  him  and 
ihis  letter  in  New  Eng.  Hist.  &  Gen.  Reg.,  V,  367  ;  and  Recorder,  II,  139.  The 
record  and  the  date  of  his  election  is  unfortunately  lost  with  the  other  Saco 
records.  After  the  war,  he  dwelt  at  Portsmouth,  till  his  marriage  with  his  sec- 
lOnd  wife,  the  widow  Bradstreet,  g.-^ve  occasion  fcr  his  removal  to  Newbury, 
where  he  was  living  in  1721,  when  he  sold  his  share  of  his  father's  estate  at 
Winter  Harbor.  His  will  was  dated  Feb.  12,  1735-6,  and  probated  Sept.  6, 
1742.  (Essex  Prob.  Office,  25-42.)  John  Sargent,  father  of  the  above  Edward, 
first  appears  on  record  in  1658,  calling  hiiuself  "of  the  Isles  of  Shoals,"  from 
which  it  is  inferred  he  was  th^  son  of  th.it  Stephen  Sargent  whose  Inventory  was 
there  tnken  29th  Nov.,  1649.  In  1661,  he  had  removed  to  Saco,  where  he  had 
a  land  grant  1663,  and  where  his  four  older  children  were  born  j  in  i666,  had  seats 
assigned  him  and  wife  in  the  meeting  house  there;  in  1668,  constable;  1669, 
Jie  purchased  more  land  from  William  Phillips;  1674,  1680,  16I12,  1684,  select- 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


85 


I  have  also  to  thank  Mr.  Sargent  for  another  document  from 
the  same  source  ;  which,  if  a  correct  statement,  shows  that  all  the 
garrison  houses  were  not  abandoned  at  the  beginning  of  the  at- 
tack on  Fort  l.oyall.  This  is  a^letter  from  Wm.  Vaughan,  of  Ports- 
mouth, viz. : 

"PORTSM  May  18  1690 
Much  Honed 

The  Inclosed  which  I  Just  now  rect.  from  Maj"'  ffrost  advising  of  the 
Enemies  Assault  upon  Casco  as  pp  information  of  Jonathan  Clark  (Inhabitant 
of  Casco)  who  S"*  y'  he  went  out  of  Piscataqua  river  in  a  shallop  on  ffritlay 
Morning  last  bound  for  Casco  bay  where  he  discovered  y'  Enemy  &  saw  Eleven 
houses  burning  y®  Enemy  disposing  themselves  in  Sundry  places  &  by  their 
shouting  and  firing  of  Guns,  bespoke  them  to  be  numerous.  They  were  very 
Brisk  in  firing  upon  Engersons '  Garrison  who  made  so  briske  a  Return  con- 
tinuing to  fire  on  Each  other  as  long  as  they  were  in  sight,  y*  Enemy  Discover- 
ing their  shallop  came  Down  to  a  point  of  land  to  prevent  those  I. at  ding  & 
were  so  near  them  that  their  shot  raked  them.  When  they  came  to  y"  Point 
w"'  in  ye  shallop  hearing  they  made  12  or  13  Coh"ops  intiiuating  that  ifhey  had 
killed  so  many  persons.  The  shallop  Seeing  th  i  Eaemy  Soe  thick  about  & 
finding  noe  Sov.nd  Landing  came  away  after  they  had  been  ab''  an  hour  in  view 
of  the  place  (Place)  &  Arrived  at  York  last  night,  while  they  were  w"*  i  1  sight 

they  saw  noe  Guns  fired  at  from  the  fort  but  heard  one Gun  before  they 

tame  in  Sight  &  3  more  after  they  come  away  v  hen  they  came  off  Spurwink 
river  yesterday  morning  they  saw  a  great  smoke  ffrom  it.  May  be  Jordans  Gar- 
rison. Wee  were  hopefull  at  y"  return  of  Mess  Hawthorn  &  Corum,  y'  yo' 
hon"  would  have  been  Saiisfied  y'  y*  fforces  then  in  ye  Eastern  ppts  had  been 


man ;  167  5  with  others,  was  grantee  of  a  plantation  six  miles  square,  above  Saco  ; 
in  1677,  he  was  dwelling  on  Great  Island,  Piscataqua  river,  a  refugee  in  the 
first  Indian  war,  and  there  his  fifth  child  was  probably  born;  in  1680,  appointed 
by  the  Court,  Lieutenant  at  Saco  and  Cape  Porpoise ;  same  year,  an  Inferior 
Magistrate;  1684,  Representative  to  the  General  Assembly;  July  3,  1686, 
Captain  John  Sargent  chosen  one  of  a  committee  of  three  to  engage  Rev.  Mr. 
Milburn  as  minister,  —  and  because  of  the  loss  01  the  Saco  records,  which 
are  wanting,  1688-1717,  the  above  is  the  last  entry  relating  to  Captain  John,  ex- 
cept the  division  of  his  estate  long  after  his  death,  —  unless  Williamson  (Hist, 
of  Maine,  I,  608),  be  correct  in  raying  it  was  he  who  "  arrested  eighteen  or 
twenty  Indians  on  the  warrant  of  Benjamin  Plackman,  in  the  fall  of  1688,  and 
carried  them  to  Falmouth;"  —  but  a  comparison  of  dates  and  their  respective 
ages,  makes  it  much  more  probable  that  this  oPicer  was  the  son.  Captain 
Edward. 

w.  M.  s. 

'  Ingersoll  garrison  house,  near  the  foot  of  now  Exchange  street. 


86 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


small  enough  to  have  assisted  the  Inhabitants  in  their  Defence  Ag'  ye  Kncmy 

&  wood  Dreded  to  think  of  the  tearful  consequences  of  their  Drawing  off.    Wee 

also  Humbly  prayed  by  y*  said  Gent"  to  have  some  order  about  our  Provinces 

ye  out  places  whereof  are  as  much  Exposed  to  y^  Enemy  as  anny  others  to 

which  have  as  yet  Reed  no  answer.    As  to  what  1  Rote  concerning  y"    The  nan 

observance  of  the  order  ye  Embargo  you  may  please  to  Know  y'  Mr.  Graffort 

had  a  Pink  &  a  Small  Kebec "  Sailed  home work  for  w'^''  I  understand 

has  brought from  ye  Gouv'  at  Boston  w"'  out  which  they  had  been  stopt. 

Your  Honners  Hum'''"  Servt. 

WM  Vaughan." 
(Vol.  36,  page  68,  Mass.  Archives). 

This  statement  makes  it  appear  that  the  garrison  houses  were 
defended  by  themselves  separately  from  Fort  Loyall,  and  in  this  it 
in  part  agrees  with  the  account  of  Robert  Watson. 

The  news  of  the  capture  of  Fort  Loyall  and  the  destruction  of 
Casco  carried  terror  and  dismay  to  all  the  exposed  white  settle- 
ments in  Maine,  New  Hampshire  and  New  York.  The  Massa- 
chusetts Colony  found  when  too  late  at  what  a  fearful  cost  they 
had  neglected  their  own  interests,  and  sacrificed  the  poor  inhabi- 
tants at  Falmouth,  Letters  poured  in  from  all  the  towns  in  Maine 
and  New  Hampshire  calling  for  protection,  and  urging  immediate 
measures.  The  settlements  in  Maine  were  so  abandoned  that 
there  were  only  the  towns  of  Wells  and  Kittery  left  with  a  white 
population.  The  following  letters  showing  the  country's  alarm  at 
that  time  are  to  be  found  in  the  Massachusetts  archives : 

"  Kittery  i8"»  of  May :  1690 
Maj'  Vaughan 

Sir.    This  morning  came  the  barer  to  mee  from  Yorke  who 

came  in  there  Last  night  in  a  Shallop  from  Cascoe  advising  of  the  Eenemies 
Attaque  upon  Cascoe  fryday  Evening  Last  I  haue  sent  the  baror  to  you  to 
give  Account  of  what  he  knows  there  of  which  pray  you  to  hasten  away  to  the 
Governor  &  Councill  myself  Designing  forthwith  to  dispatch  a  way  the  sd  Shal- 
lop again  to  Cascoe  with  some  Souldiers  for  their  better  defence  to  make  a 
further  discovrie  of  that  matter  . 

I  Remaine 

S'  yo'  Assured  triend 

c  servant  at  Comand 

Charles  Ffrost  Majo'." 
(Vol.  36,  p.  69,  Mass.  Archives). 

'  Kebec  (Xebec)  according  to  Webster's  definition,  a  small  three  masted  ves- 
sel, carrying  lateen  sails. 


7-T 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


87 


"Province  or  Mayne 
i6go  May  the  i8th  day. 

Major  ffrost.  Sir  these  are  to  info -m  you  that 
the  Indians  &  freinch  hath  taken  Casco  fort  and  it  is  to  be  feare  that  all  ihe 
people  are  killed  &  taken;  therefore  wee  desire  your  company  ht  1  with  us  to 
put  us  in  a  posture  of  Defense  for  we  are  in  a  very  shattered  Condition.  Some 
are  for  removing  and  some  are  for  staying  Soe  that  we  stand  in  great  need  of 
your  assistance,  if  we  stay  we  must  have  more  assistance,  &  if  we  remove  we 
must  have  help  &  assistance  to  gett  away  with  what  we  have  left  not  els.  we 
Remayne  your  Servants. 

Sam*  Wheelwright 
Joseph  Storer 
Jon».  Hammond.' " 
(Vol.  36,  p.  70,  Mass.  Archives). 


"Much  Hon*.  Portsm"  May  ig"*  1690 

yesterday  advised  you  of  the  Enemy  Assault  upon  Casco. 
About  two  o'clock  this  morning  came  a  man  from  Saco  through  the  woods  w"* 
the  from  the  Coman"''  of  the  garrison  there,  he  inform  y'  upon  hearing  of  the 
guns  from  Casco  two  men  went  from  Spurwink  Garrison  on  Saturday  to  make 
what  discovery  they  could  &  when  they  came  near  saw  but  two  houses  standing. 
The  fort  on  fire  and  the  enemy  very  numerous  thereabout.  Those  of  Spurwink 
&  Black  Point  are  got  on  board  the  sloops  there  in  order  to  their  remove,  and 

those  of  Saco  pray  reliefe  of  vessels w<=''  we  shall  endeavor  to  send  them. 

So  yt  wells  is  now  y*  frontier  Eastward  who  must  necessarily  remove  forthw* 
unless  present  relief  be  sent  them  &  other  the  out  places  in  both  thare  Prov- 
inces. Wee  were  amazed*  at  the  order  for  drawing  off  the  Soldiers  in  the 
Province  of  Mayne,  after  the  gentlemen  sent  hither  to  inspect  the  state  of  those 
Provinces  were  satisfied  that  all  yt  all  the  fforts  there  was  too  little  for  there 
defence  as  too  sad  experience  daly  teacheth.  And  for  this  Piovince  we  have  not 
had  aboue  12  or  14  men  by  whose  assistance  wee  have  prevailed  with  the  two 
Garrisons  at  Cocheco  &  and  the  out  Garrison  at  Oyster  River  to  stand  their 
Grounds  in  hopes  of  more  help  instead  where  of  yesterday  arrived  yo""  order  for 
their  Dismission,  w'**  will  occasion  the  quitting  of  there  Garrisons  and  then  all 
Dover  wi'l  be  lost.  Soe  I  shall  at  present  wait  yo'  further  pleasure  thereabout. 
The  Enemy  are  now  Powerful  &  prevalent  &  will  carry  all  before  them  unless  a 

'  Jonathan  Hammond  was  the  brother  of  Joseph  Hammond  before  mentioned, 
(p.  59,  ante).  He  was  appointed  sergeant  in  1694,  and  lieutenant  in  1703,  1709. 
He  was  killed  and  scalped  in  Queen  Anne's  war,  near  Jona.  Littlefield's  garri- 
son.    (His.  of  Wells,  p.  233). 

''So  that  the  neglect  of  Massachusetts  to  defend  its  own  people  caused 
amazement  at  that  time. 


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CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


Stop  be  put  to  their  proceedings.  So  yt  it  will  be  doubtless  necessary  to  resolve 
a  stop  some  where  &  then  to  have  a  sufficient  force  to  repell  the  enemy  as  well 
as  in  all  out  places  yt  are  liable  to  their  assaults :  The  Lord  direct  you  in  all 
yo'  arduous  affairs  is  the  prayer  of 

Much  hon"l  yo"^  humble  Servts 

W™.  Vaughan 
Charles  ffrost 
Rich*!  Martyn." 
(Vol.  36,  p.  71,  Mass.  Archives). 

"Gent  our  sad  Condition  puts  us  vpon  yo^  charity,  the  enemy  is  now  very 
near  vs  Sacoe  is  this  day  on  fire.  Wee  expect  them  vpon  us  within  a  few 
hours  or  days  at  Least ;  and  therefore  wee  humbly  crave  some  assistants  from 
you,  that  wee  may  be  in  some  measure  able  to  stand  a  few  days  if  it  be  ye  will 
of  God  till  wee  here  from  the  Bay.'  if  we  have  not  immediate  help  wee  are  a 
lost  people  :  so  we  pray  that  our  good  God  may  move  yo'  harts  to  pitty  vs,  & 
bowing  solely  vpon  the  mercy  of  God  now  Subscribe  ourselves  yC  most  humble 
and  Greatly  distressed  servts. 

Sam".  Wheelwright 
Wells  y«  22th  May,  1690  Jon"  Hamond 

John  Wheelwright 
Joseph  Storer." 
(Vol.  36,  p.  72,  Mass.  Archives). 


"PoRTSM"  22*  1690 
Much  Hon^. 

On  Tuesday  about  Eleaven  oclock  wee  sent  two  sloops 
with  about  50  men  &  2  shallops  *  to  make  a  full  descovery  of  the  Sta;:e  of  Casco 
who  arrived  there  yt  evening  about  half  an  hour  after  sun  sett,  and  returning 
hither  this  morning  Say  yt  at  their  first  appearance  they  heard  the  drum  beat 
many  hours  in  the  heart  of  the  Town,  &  Saw  at  least  part  of  the  fort  standing, 
upon  w'='»  one  of  their  shallops  went  pretty  near  the  shore,  but  tacking  about 
again  had  a  volley  of  small  shot  fired  at  him  Supposed  not  less  than  300  guns, 
&  3  great  guns  but  did  them  no  harm  &  then  the  enemy  forthwith  Sett  the  Fort 
or  the  remaining  part  of  it,  with  sundry  houses  on  fire,  the  next  morning  they 
went  as  nearly  as  they  dared  adventure  with  a  sloop,  but  could  make  no  further 
discovery,  but  the  enemie  burning  the  residue  of  the  houses,  so  that  all  there 
is  certainly  destroyed  &  not  one  alive,  but  what  is  in  the  enemies  hands :  at 

'  Massachusetts  Bay,  as  that  Colony  was  generally  called. 

*  These  may  have  been  considered  by  the  French,  vessels  sent  to  the  relief  of 
Casco. 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


89 


their  return  yesterday  they  saw  Black  point  Spurwink  Richmans  Island  et. 
burning  so  that  nothing  now  remains  eastward  of  Wells.  Wee  hope  y''  Honors 
will  at  least  see  a  necessity  of  giving  a  check  to  the  progress  of  y^  Enemy  by 

dispatching    away considerable    forces  forthwith  Otherwise  their  succes 

will more  to  pursoe  their  conquest  till  we  are  all  overthrown.     The  Lord 

help  you  to  pitty  the  distressed  and  send  speedy w'''*  we  heartily  beg  who 

are 

Hon'''*  your  humble  Servts. 
Here  are  3  or  400  most  women  &  children  come  in  from  Eastward  this  week 
who  will  perish  unless  assisted  by  the  charity  of  others. 

Charles  ffrost 
Nath'  ffryer ' 
Rich"!  Martyn 
Wells  will  desert  if  not  forthwith  reinforced." 
(Vol.  36,  p.  77,  Mass.  Archives). 

The  result  of  these  appeals  for  assistance  and  protection  was 
the  following  order  oi  the  Council : 

Boston  23  May  1690 
Att  a  Council!. 

Present  Simon  Bradstreet  Esqr  Governo 
John  Richards       "^  Tho :  Danforth 

Samael  Shimplin,  >■  Esq^  James  Russell 

Samuel  Sewall       )  Elisha  Hutchinson 

John  Phillips 

Ordered  that  One  Hundred  and  twt.ity  Souldiers  be  forthwith  detached  out  of 
the  Regiments  of  Militia  hereafter  mentioned  in  proportion  following  vizt. 
Twenty  five  apiece  out  of  the  South  and  Middle  Regiments  of  Essex  Twenty 
three  out  of  the  Lower  Regiment  of  Midd^  Twenty  two  out  of  Boston  Regi- 
ment and  twenty  five  out  of  the  South  Regiment  of  Suffolk  the  severall  Majors 
of  the  aforesaid  Regiments  to  order  the  detaching  of  their  respective  proportion 

"  Nathaniel  Fryer  was  born  in  Boston ;  supposd  to  be  the  son  of  James  of 
Cambridge,  removed  to  Portsmouth,  and  lived  at  Great  Island.  He  was  a  rep., 
councillor,  judge  of  probate,  and  filled  many  other  important  offices.  He  left 
two  daughters,  Elizabeth,  who  married  Judge  Hinckes  ;  Sarah,  married  Robert 
Elliot.  He  died  August  13,  1705.  (See  N.  II.  His.  Coll.,  VIII,  353).  Coun- 
cillor James  Fryer  was  his  eldest  son.  (Wentworth  Gen.,  I,  103).  At  the  at- 
tack on  Richmond's  Island,  by  the  Indians,  in  Oct.  1676,  a  vessel  was  there 
from  Portsmouth,  belonging  to  Nathaniel  Fryer,  sent  at  the  request  of  Walter 
Gendall,  to  preserve  the  property  on  the  island.  The  vessel  was  driven  on 
shore  by  the  enemy,  and  the  crew  of  eleven  t:\ken  prisoners,  among  them  was 
James  Fryer,  son  of  the  owner,  a  young  man  of  Portsmouth,  who  afterwards 
died  of  the  wounds  received  in  that  engagement.    (Willis,  p.  211). 


Esqrs 


■■Hi 


90 


CAPTURE   OF    FORT   LOYALL. 


of  Souldiers  afores^  well  appointed  with  arms  and  ammunition  to  be  forwarded 
with  all  speed  to  the  relief  and  Succour  of  York  and  Wells. 
By  Order  of  the  Governor  &  Coi  ncill. 

IsA.  Addington  Secy 
(Vol.  36,  p.  76,  Mass.  Archives). 

The  following  letter  was  also  sent  to  Sir  Wm.  Phipps,  by  a 
sloop,  hoping  to  intercept  him  on  his  way  back  from  Nova  Scotia : 

LETTER  TO   SIR   WM.   PHIPPS. 

Hon  Sir 

Bos'' ON  Mny  23d  1690 
We  received  yours  yesterday  by  the  hands  of  Capt"^  Welch,  bringing  us  the 
intelligence  of  the  presence  of  God  with  you  in  giving  you  success,  which  we 
desire  to  acknowledge  with  hearty  thankfulness  as  a  smile  of  providence.  But 
the  solemn  tidings  of  the  loss  of  Casco  give  such  an  alloy  to  our  rejoyceing  as 
fixes  sorrow  in  all  faces,  and  prevents  us  in  necessity  of  sending  forth  this 
small  vessell  in  hopes  that  they  may  meet  you  on  yor  Return  home  in  order 
you  to  call  in  at  Casco  with  some  of  the  shiping  and  souldjers  under  yor  com- 
and  to  visit  that  place.  And  if  advisable  to  land  three  hundred  or  more  of  your 
fforces  there  to  seeke  for  and  annoy  the  enemy  ye  endeavor  a  rescue  of  the  cap- 
tives. And  to  march  home  by  land  through  the  country ;  whereby  you  may 
possibly  gain  some  advantage  upon  the  enemy  and  will  be  refreshing  and  en" 
couraging  to  the  frontiers  to  stand  their  ground,  while  they  are  reinforced  with 
more  strength  for  which  orders  are  given  forth.  Referring  it  to  you''self  and 
council  to  advise  upon  and  to  give  instructions  to  the  most  agreed  methods  to 
be  taken  fcr  the  ends  .\bove,  with  our  service  unto  yo'"selfe,  and  Gent*  with  you 
Command  youe  to  God  ' 
And  arf; 

Yor  sincere  ffriend  &  Servant 

Sim  Bradstreet. 

and  to  take  the  guns,  and  what  else  may  be  drawn  off  the  place 
By  order  "'  the  Govern'  and  Councill 

IsA  Addington, 

Sect 
(Vol.  36,  p.  78,  Mass.  Archives). 


A  letter  from  Samuel  Sewall  which  is  published  in  the  Massa- 
chusetts Historical  Society's  Collection,  Vol.  5,  5th  series,  pp.  320, 

*  When  it  was  too  late  the  Massachusetts  Government  were  awakened  to  the 
necessity  of  protecting  the  people  of  Maine. 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


9' 


321,  shows  the  public  feeling  regarding  the  destruction  of  Casco 
at  that  time  : 

"Boston  May  21,  1690 
Honb'e  Sir  — 

The  Express  sent  pr.  your  Honour  was  with  me  about  5  oclock  this 
morning ;  But  the  Council  being  about  to  meet  in  the  morn,  delayed  that  might 
have  the  sence,  and  expected  a  greater  certainty  of  the  condition  of  Casco 
which  yet  fails ;  whose  sitting  proves  so  late  that  fear  will  be  4  past  m™  before 
shall  dismiss  them.  The  General  Court  have  ordered  our  Souldjers  to  be 
raised  out  of  the  several  Regiments.  Capt.  James  Converse  is  to  command 
one  company.  They  are  to  march  next  Tuesday,  and  rendezvous  at  Concord 
and  Sudbury,  and  to  march  by  land  to  Springfield,  an^l  ^o  on  to  Albany  intend 
to  send  meat  by  Sea,  and  take  up  on  trust  if  it  arrive  ni  t  soon  enough.  Intend 
to  send  the  2d  company  with  a  Lieut,  to  Maj.  Pynchon,  and  he  apjioint  a  cap- 
tain. We  think  Capt.  Converse  may  be  fit  to  be  the  next  Major.  No  news  is 
yi  received  from  Sir  William  (Phipps).  Tis  believed  Casco  Garrison  and  Fort 
arc  burnt,  and  the  Inhabitants  destroyed ;  so  that  we  do  not  understand  that 
there  is  one  escaped  or  shut  up  or  left.  We  fear  if  this  be  true  there  may  be 
so  many  French  and  Indians  that  v;e  shall  be  obliged  to  raise  4  or  5  hundred 
men  to  defend  our  Frontiers  on  that  part.  This  disaster  fell  out  on  Friday  and 
Satterday  last.  Four  score  Souldjers  there.  Capt.  Willard  came  away  the  day 
before.  This  news  comes  by  men  sent  by  Dominicus  Jordan's  Garison,  and  a 
shallop  that  saw  Houses  on  fire  on  Friday,  and  forced  to  come  away  without 
loading.     Have  some  glimmering  hope  that  the  Fort  is  not  burnt." 

In  his  diary '  under  date  of  Friday,  May  23d,  he  says :  *'  Tis 
dolefull  news  we  have  to  celebrate  Mr  Eliots  funeral  with.  Casteen 
is  said  to  head  about  70  French,  and  Indians  are  about  Two 
Hundred.     Capt.  Willard  came  away  the  day  before  the  attack." 

The  forces  that  are  referred  to  by  the  letter  of  Sewall  were 
troops  that  were  to  be  furnished  by  Massachusetts  for  the  defense 
of  New  York  in  accordance  with  an  agreement  made  with  the 
commissioners  of  the  colonies.*   That  was,  —  Massachusetts  could 


'  Sewall's  diary  (Mass.  His.  Soc.  Coll.,  V.  5th  series,  321). 

'Extract  of  a  letter  from  Governor  Leisler  and  council  to  the  Earl  of  Shrews- 
bury :  "  That  May  i,  1690,  was  concluded  between  us  and  the  Gent"  commission- 
ated  for  the  colonies  of  Boston,  Plymouth  &  Connecticut,  that  Boston  should 
furnish  160  men,  Plym.-'  60  &  Connecticut  135,  w'**  were  joyned  with  400  men  of 
New  York  Province  to  march  for  Albany  against  the  French  at  Canada."  ,  . 
(N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  Ill,  751). 


93 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


raise  troops  to  be  used  for  the  defense  of  a  sister  colony,  but  she 
could  spare  none  for  the  defense  of  her  loyal  subjects  in  Maine. 
The  result  of  the  capture  of  Fort  Loyall  was  the  countermand  of 
the  soldiers  going  to  New  York,  as  by  the  following  letter : 


Governor  Bradstreet  to  Jacob  Leisler.' 

"Boston  May'3oth  1690 
Hono'>i6  S'.  According  to  y''  agreement  n^ade  by  y«  Coniissioners  of  ye 

Colonies  at  their  late  meeting  in  yo'  City  wee  raised  the  number  of  Souldiers 
on  our  part  to  be  Provided  &  Sent,  but  when  they  were  on  their  march  towards 
Springfield  wee  were  forced  to  countermand  them  Speed  them  away  to  ye  East- 
ward to  defend  their  Maj"™  Subjects  of  the  Province  of  Hampshire  &  Maine 
against  ye  incursions  of  ye  enemy,  who  upon  ye  Sixteenth  did  attack  those 
Posted  at  Casco  Bay,  Killed  and  Captured  all  y®  persons  there  men  women  & 
children.  They  fust  surprised  Six  and  twenty  mei.  who  unwarily  Issued  out  of 
ye  garrison  to  look  after  a  person  that  was  missing  of  there.  They  killed 
twenty  v/'^^  were  near  a  third  Parte  of  ye  whole  number  of  men.  The  Enemy 
then  openly  appeared  before  ye  fort  and  assaulted  it  by  ye  space  of  five  days  & 
being  about  two  hundred  French  &  three  liundred  Indians  they  made  there  ap- 
proaches in  a  Trench  &  Putt  so  hard  to  fire  y"  fort  by  flaming  Birch  Rinds  shott 
at  it.  that  on  ye  fifth  day  they  forced  them  to  surrender  before  we  could  have 
intelegence  to  relieve  them.  The  enemy  are  so  flushed  att  this  Success  that 
they  since  have  fallen  on  Welles,  &  Kittery  in  Piscataqua.  Upon  \\"^  ye  In- 
habitants of  or  frontier  towns  are  so  alarmed,  that  we  shall  be  obliged  to  dis- 
patch four  or  five  hundred  horse  &  foott  w«''  are  mostly  them  already  engaged 
in  defending  these  parts  and  pursuing  ye  ennemy  to  there  head  quarters  if  pos- 
sible.    Nevertheless  we  have  ordered  about  sixty  men  for  Albany.* 

Sir 

Yer  Friends  &  Servt' 

Simon  Bradstreet  Gov''  in  ye 
name  of  the  Councill." 


'  Jacob  Leisler,  an  American  adventurer,  who  acted  a  prominent  part  in  the 
New  York  Colony.  He  was  born  in  Frankfort,  came  to  America  in  1660  as  a 
soldier  in  the  service  of  the  Dutch  West  India  Company.  He  engaged  in  the 
Indian  trade  and  became  wealthy.  He  was  actively  prominent  in  the  political 
affairs  of  the  Province;  and  in  1659  assumed  the  title  and  style  of  a  royal  lieu- 
tenant-governor and  commander-in-chief.  On  the  arrival  of  H'  -ighter,  who  had 
been  appointed  governor  in  1691,  he  was  imprisoned,  charged  with  treason  and 
murder,  and  shortly  after  tried  and  executed."  (American  Cyclopedia,  X,  330, 
330. 

*N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  II,  146. 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


9$ 


Extract  of  a  letter  from  Thomas  Newton,'  written  from  Boston 
to  Capt.  Nicholson,  the  26th  May,  1690: 

"  Worthy  Sir. 

Last  week  Casco  was  taken,  wherein  severall  Garrisons  were 
contained  80  souldiers,  but  were  so  quartered  that  upon  the  attack  they  could 
not  relieve  one  another  and  were  all  destroyed  and  taken  captives  with  the 
women  and  children  saveing  one  man  who  was  taken  before  the  engagement, 
and  then  made  his  escape.  It  is  reported  since  that  York  or  Wells  is  taken, 
and  to  be  much  feared  that  the  enemy  will  in  a  short  time  destroy  all  to  ye 
riscat.qua,  if  not  that  too.  Our  charter  Governors  little  regarciiii)^  that  part  of 
the  country  or  the  Iwes  of  so  many  of  their  Maj"**  subjects  as  have  already  been 
destroyed,  but  mind  smaller  matters."    .... 


Referring  to  the  capture  of  Port  Royal  by  Sir  Wm.  Phipps,  he 
says  :  "  But  we  have  already  suffered  greater  loss  by  far  at  Casco, 
than  we  have  gained  at  Port  Royal."  ^ 

Mr.  Livingston  3  to  Lieut.  Gov.  Nicholson  :  ■*  "The  160  men 
that  Boston  had  raised  to  send  us,  who  were  upon  their  march 
were  called  back  upon  the  news  of  Caskoe  being  taken."  s 


'  Thomas  Newton,  secretary  of  the  Province  of  Massachusetts,  came  from 
New  Hampshire;  is  supposed  to  have  been  born  Jan.  10,  1661 ;  was  secretary 
till  1690;  was  controller  of  the  customs  at  Boston,  judge  of  the  admiralty, 
and  attorney  general  in  the  witchcraft  persecutions.  His  opinion  must  have  led 
to  the  cure  of  the  infernal  delusion,  for  in  January,  1693,  he  wrote  to  Sir  Wm. 
Phi|)ps,  the  governor,  that  of  the  fifty-two  charged  at  Salem,  that  court,  the 
th'.ce  convicts  should  have  been  acquitted  like  the  rest.  He  died  May  28,  1721. 
(Savage,  3,  278). 

*N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  Ill,  720,  721. 

^Robert  Livingston,  first  proprietor  of  the  manor  in  I>ivingston  in  Col- 
umbia County,  N.  Y.,  was  born  at  Ancram  in  Scotland,  in  1654,  and  came  to 
America  in  ihj^.  He  filled  numerous  public  offices,  was  secretary  for  Indian 
Affairs,  member  of  the  Executive  Council,  speaker  of  the  Provincial  Assembly, 
&c.  He  died  about  the  year  1728.  (N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  Ill,  401.  See  American 
Cyclopedia,  X,  546). 

*  Capt.  Francis  Nicholson  was  appointed  20th  April,  1688,  lieutenant  governor 
of  New  England,  under  Andros,  of  whom  he  was  a  strong  partisan.  At  the 
time  of  the  revolution  against  Andros  he  was  iorced  to  leave  New  York.  In 
1689,  William  IT!  sent  him  a  commission  to  continue,  in  his  office  as  lieutenant- 
governor.  He  was  appointed  governor  of  Virginia  ir,  1690,  and  was  succeeded 
by  Andros.  He  then  became  governor  of  Marvland.  He  was  appointed  the 
chief  commander  of  the  expedition  against  Canada  in  1708,  and  in  17 10  re-cap- 
tured Port  Royal  from  the  French.    (N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  vols.  3,  4,  5,  9). 

s  N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  Ill,  727. 


94 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


After  the  destruction  of  Casco,  the  French  and  Indians  who 
were  from  Canada  returned  there,  arriving  at  Quebec  on  June  23d. 
Castine,  Madockawando,  and  the  Penobscot  Indians  sought  their 
forest  homes,  and  their  subsequent  encounters  with  the  whites 
were  at  places  distant  from  Falmouth,  which  became  the  scene  of 
no  more  engagements  during  the  war. 

In  closing  this  part  of  the  narrative  of  the  capture  of  Fort 
Loyall,  the  statement  of  its  brave  commander,  Sylvanus  Davis,' 


>|i'- 


'  This  paper  would  be  incom])lete  without  some  mention  being  made  of  this 
brave  hero  who  was  the  commander  of  the  devoted  baiul  who  were 
sacrificed  at  the  fall  of  Fort  Loyall.  The  readers  of  these  previous  pages 
cannot  but  observe  from  the  letters  that  he  wrote  during  those  dark  days 
of  trouble  and  which  arc  for  the  first  time  published,  the  great  care  and 
responsibility  which  devolved  ujion  him,  and  the  s])irit  <>f  patriotism  and 
bravery  exhil)ited.  Deserted  by  Capt.  Willard,  and  sonu  of  his  men,  who 
followed  the  e.\am]>le  of  their  cowardly  commander  ;  his  ap])eals  to  the  govern- 
ment of  Massachusetts  being  uf  no  avail,  he,  in  those  last  days  of  disaster  and 
danger,  did  not  cjuail  or  show  any  degree  of  pusillanimity,  but  manfully  with  the 
small  force  under  him,  fought  to  the  last,  and  surrendered  only  in  the  last  ex- 
tremity. It  is  uncertain  as  to  what  family  Svlvanus  Davis  belonged  to  or  where 
he  came  from.  The  accompanying  note  of  Mr.  Sargent  is  the  only  information 
attainable.  His  first  appearance  in  Maine  that  is  known  of  was  as  a  resident  of 
Damariscotta  or  vicinity.  In  1659  he  purchased  there  lands  of  the  Indians, 
and  resided  there  for  some  years.  He  subsequently  removed  to  Arrowsic 
Island  on  the  Kennebec  river,  where  he  acted  as  agent  for  Clark  and  Lake,  who 
were  large  projjrietors  there,  and  traded  with  the  Indians.  In  King  Philip's 
war  the  Indians  in  Maine  commenced  hostilities  against  the  white  settlements. 
August  14,  1676,  they  attacked  Clark  and  Lake's  establishment,  and  made 
themselves  masters  of  the  place.  Several  of  the  inmates  were  killed,  and  a 
large  amount  of  property  seized.  Among  those  in  the  fortifications  were  Capt. 
Sylvanus  Davis,  who  had  just  returned  from  a  conference  with  the  Indians  at 
Teconnet  (now  Winslow),  and  Capt.  Lake.  When  they  found  themselves  over- 
powered, they  endeavored  with  two  others  to  escape  in  a  boat.  They  were  followed 
by  four  Indians.  Captain  Davis  was  wounded,  but  succeeded  in  making  his 
escape.  Capt.  Lake  was  killed  by  a  musket  shot;  his  body  was  subsequently 
recovered  and  carried  to  Boston  for  burial.  (Johnson's  History  of  Bristol,  &c.) 
Among  the  epitaphs  in  Copps  Hill  burying  ground  is  the  following  :  "Captain 
Thomas  Lake,  aged  61  years,  an  eminently  faithful  servant  of  God,  and  one  of 
a  public  s])irit,  was  perfidiously  slain  by  ye  Indians  at  Kennibec  river,  August 
ye.  14,  1676,  and  here  interred  the  13th  of  March  following." 

Being  driven  by  the  Indians  from  the  Kennebec,  Sylvanus  Davij  came  to 
Falmouth,  then  being  resettled  under  the  direction  of  President  Danforth,  and 
became  one  of  its  most  enter])rising  and  public  spirited  citizens.  In  1680  he 
had  a  lot  of  land  granted  to  him  by  Danforth  on  Thames  (now  Fore  street), 
This  location  mav  be  seen  on  the  accompanying  plan.  The  lot  was  147  x  630 
feet,  and  run  bacfc  to  the  burying  ground.  On  this  lot  he  built  a  store  and  resi- 
dence in  one  building.  A  plan  of  this  lot  and  a  drawing  of  the  building  is  to  be 
seen  in  the  Mass.  archives.  In  1687  he  was  licensed  to  retail  liquors  out  of 
doors  in  the  town  of  Falmouth,  paying  duties  and  imposts  therefor.  Grants  of 
lands  in  various  parts  of  the  town  were  made  to  him  and  his  partner,  James 
English,  at  Capisic  and  Long  Creek,  and  saw  mills  were  there  built,  from 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


95 


will  be  found  of  interest.  It  is  to  be  found  entire  in  the  Mass. 
His.  Soc.  Coll.,  Vol,  I,  Third  Series,  pp.  101-112.  Want  of  space 
will  not  allow  the  whole  of  it  to  be  here  printed,  but  I  have  made 
such  extracts  from  it  as  pertain  to  this  subject  and  matters  there- 
with connected : 


The  declaration  of  Sylvanus  Davis,  luhabitafit  of  the  Town  of  Falmouth  in  the 
Province  of  Maine,  in  Neiv  En^^land,  concerning  the  cruel,  treacherous  and 
barbarous  Management  of  a  War  against  the  English  in  the  Eastern  Parts 
of  Ni~iv  England,  by  the  cruel  Indians,  being,  as  I  doubt  not,  and  as  the 
Circumstances  will  appear,  set  upon  their  bloody  Design  by  the  French  and 
their  Abettors. 

"  Having  the  liberty  of  walking  the  town  of  Quebeck,  and  having  opportunity 

which  the  town  derived  benefit.  Little  Chebenguc  Island  was  also  granted 
to  Davis,  and  under  his  title  it  is  held  to  the  present  day.  Davis  with  Tyng 
and  others  made  themselves  odious  to  the  peo])le  \vj  their  sympathy  with  dov. 
Andros,  and  (as  was  considered)  his  arbitrary  acts  in  the  granting  of  lands,  &c. 
Davis  was  in  favor  with  and  had  great  influence  with  the  governor,  although 
after  his  deposition  he  was  steadfast  in  his  loyalty  to  the  Massachusetts  govern- 
ment. 

After  Davis'  return  from  captivity  he  removed  to  Massachusetts,  and  spent 
the  remainder  of  his  life  at  Hull,  where  he  died  in  1703.  On  the  return  of  Sir 
Wm.  l*hi])ph  with  the  new  charter  in  1692,  Sylvanus  Davis  was  appointed  a 
councillor  for  Sagadahock.  Most  of  the  real  estate  owned  by  him  in  li'almouth 
was  sold  l)y  his  legatees  to  Gen.  Samuel  Waldo,  under  which  title  it  is  now  held. 
(See  N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  IX,  489;  Me.  His.  Soc.  Coll.,  I,  i68;  Willis,  p.  293). 

"  As  to  the  origin  and  family  connection  of  Capt.  Sylvanus  Davis,  the  theory 
is  advanced  with  a  jjroper  caution,  that  he,  Sylvanus,  George  Davie  (1663),  of 
Wiscasset,  and  William  Davis,  of  Negwassett  (whose  widow  Margaret  had, 
before  1661,  married  Richard  Potts),  were  the  three  elder  brothers  of  that 
Humphrey  Davie,  who  bought  largely  on  the  Kennebec,  as  early  as  1667,  and 
who  is  shown  by  the  painstaking  research  of  W.  H.  Whitmore,  Esq.  (Boston 
Com.  Rep.  v,  55),  to  have  been  the  fourth  son  of  Sir  John  Davie,  of  Creedy, 
County  Devonshire,  England.  John,  the  son  of  this  Humphrey,  in  1706,  on 
default  of  issue  of  some  of  his  uncles,  and  the  death  of  that  of  others,  was 
possessed  of  the  family  honors  and  estates  in  England. 

The  Will  of  our  Sylvanus  Davis,  merchant,  dated  at  Nantasket  (Hull,  Mass.) 
April  8th,  1703,  proved  May  6,  1703,  shows  that  he  had  no  children  living  at 
that  time ;  devises  his  dwelling  house  which  he  lately  built  at  Nantasket  to  his 
wife  during  her  life ;  and  in  consideration  of  the  intimacy  and  kindness  between 
himself  and  James  English,  a  great  part  of  my  life,  bequeaths  to  the  three 
daughters  of  said  English,  all  my  quarter  part  of  lands  lying  in  Casco  ISay, 
which  was  held  in  equal  shares  by  Col.  John  Phillips,  Mr.  Endicott,  and  said 
James  English ;  nominates  John  Nelson  ('in  whose  service  and  employment 
several  of  the  latter  years  of  my  life  have  been  spent ' ),  sole  Executor ;  '  and 
whereas  I  have  in  the  whole  course  of  my  life  been  assisting  and  beneficial 
unto  my  friends  and  relations ' ;  leaves  to  his  sole  disposal,  care  and  arrange- 
ment of  all  his  estate,  '  depending  upon  his  promise  not  only  of  Justice,  but  of 
kindness  to  my  dear  wife.' " 

w.  M.  s. 


96 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


of  conferring  with  the  gentlemen  of  the  place,  many  were  the  outrages  and  in- 
sultings  of  the  Indians  upon  the  English  (whilst  Sir  Edmund  Andros  was  gov- 
ernor) at  North  Yarmouth,  and  other  places  at  the  eastward.  The  Indians 
killed  sundry  cattle,  came  into  houses  and  threatened  to  knock  the  people  on 
the  head,  an("  t  several  times  gave  out  rei)oi  ts,  that  they  would  make  war  upon 
the  English  r  ul  that  they  were  animated  so  to  do  by  the  French,  the  Indians 
behaving  themselves  so  insulting,  gave  just  cause  of  great  suspicion.  In  order 
for  the  finrling  out  the  truth,  and  to  endeavour  the  preventing  a  war,  one  Cap- 
tain IMackman,  a  justice  of  peace,  with  some  of  the  neighbourhood  of  Saco 
River,  seized  several  Indians  that  had  been  bloody,  murderous  rogues  in  the 
first  Indian  war,  being  the  chief  ringleaders  and  most  fittest  and  capable  to  do 
mischief.  Said  Klackman  seized  to  the  number  of  between  sixteen  and  twenty, 
in  orde"-  for  their  examination,  and  to  bring  ir  the  rest  to  a  treaty.  Said  ISlack- 
man  soon  sent  the  said  Indians  with  a  guard  to  Falmouth  in  Casco  15ay,  there 
to  be  secured  until  orders  could  come  from  IJoston  concerning  them ;  and  in  the 
mean  time  the  said  Indians  were  well  provided  with  provisions  and  suitable 
necessaries.  The  rest  of  the  Indians  robbed  the  English  and  took  some  Eng- 
lish prisoners.  Whereupon  post  was  sent  to  Boston.  Sir  Edmond  Andross 
being  at  New  York,  the  gentlemen  of  Boston  sent  to  Falmouth  some  soldiers 
for  the  defenc;  of  the  country,  and  also  the  worshipful  Mr.  Stoughton,  with 
others,  to  trea.  with  the  Indians,  in  order  for  the  settling  a  peace  and  gutting  in 
of  our  English  ciptives.  As  soon  as  the  said  gentlemen  arrived  at  the  east- 
ward, they  sent  away  one  of  the  Indian  prisoners  to  the  rest  of  the  Indians,  to 
summon  them  to  bring  in  the  English  they  had  taken,  and  also  that  their 
sachems  should  come  in  to  treat  with  the  English  in  order  that  just  satisfaction 
should  be  made  on  both  sides.  The  gentlemen  waited  the  return  of  the 
Indian  messenger,  and  when  he  returned  he  brought  answer,  that  they  would 
meet  our  English  at  a  place  called  Maquoite,  and  there  they  would  bring  in 
the  English  captives,  and  treat  with  the  English.  Although  the  place  ap- 
pointed by  the  Indians  for  the  meeting  was  some  leagues  distant  from  Fal- 
mouth, yet  our  English  gentlemen  did  condescend  to  it  in  hopes  of  getting  in 
our  captives,  and  put  a  stop  to  further  troubles.  They  despatched  away  to  the 
place,  and  carried  the  Indian  prisoners  with  them,  and  staid  at  the  place  ap- 
pointed, expecting  the  coming  of  the  Indians  that  had  promised  a  meeting,  but 
they,  like  false,  perfidious  rogues,  did  not  appear.  Without  doubt,  they  had 
been  counselled  what  to  do  by  the  French  and  their  abettors,  as  the  Indians  did 
declare  afterwards  that  they  were  near  the  place,  and  to  our  English  that  was  to 
treat  with  them,  but  would  not  show  themselves,  but  did  endeavour  to  take  an 
opportunity  to  destroy  our  English  that  was  to  treat  with  them.  Such  hath  been 
and  was  theii  treachery.  Our  gentlemen  staid  days  to  wait  their  coming,  but  see- 
ing they  did  not  appear  at  the  place  appointed,  they  returned  to  Falmouth,  and 
brought  the  Indian  prisoners,  expecting  that  the  other  Indians  would  have  sent 


DESTRUCTION  OF    FALMOUTH. 


97 


and 


down  some  reason  why  they  did  not  appear  at  the  place  appointed,  and  to  make 
sonic  excuse  for  themselves;  but  instead  of  any  compliances,  they  fell  upon 
North  \'arm()uth,  and  there  killed  several  of  our  Knglish,  whereupon  the  east- 
ern parts  was  ordered  to  get  into  garrisons,  and  to  be  upon  their  guard  until 
further  orders  from  Sir  Kdmond  Andross,  and  that  the  Indian  prisoners  should 
be  sent  to  lioston,  which  was  done  with  great  care,  not  one  of  them  hurt, 
and  care  took  daily  for  them  for  provisions.  When  they  arrived  at  Boston,  the 
gentlemen  there  can  give  an  account  of  their  usage ;  but  Sir  Edmond  Andross, 
returning  from  New  York,  he  set  them  all  at  liberty,  not  so  much  as  taking  care 
to  redeem  those  of  our  English  for  them  that  was  in  their  hands.  I  had  kept 
one  at  Falmouth  a  prisoner,  and  to  be  a  guide  into  the  woods  for  our  English  to 
find  out  the  haunts  of  our  heathen  enemies ;  but  Sir  Edmond  Andross  sends  an 
express  unto  me,  that  upon  my  utmost  peril  I  should  set  the  said  Indian  at  lib- 
erty, and  take  care  that  all  the  arms  that  was  taken  from  him,  and  all  the  rest  of 
those  Captain  IJlackman  had  seized,  should  be  delivered  up  to  them  without 
any  orders  to  receive  the  like  of  ours  from  them,  which  was  very  strange  that  a 
governour  should  be  so  careless  of  his  majesty's  subjects  and  interest.  The 
names  of  those  Indians  that  were  in  custody,  that  Sir  E>'  nond  Andross  re- 
leased, were  Hopegood,  the  Miguers,  the  Doneyes  and  othcis,  all  being  cruel, 
murderous  rogues  in  the  first  Indian  war,  und  so  proved  all  along  in  this  last 
war,  being  often  passing  through  the  country  unto  the  French.  The  Indians 
daily  making  destruction  upon  our  English,  Sir  Edmond  Andross  raised  forces 
and  marched  through  the  country  to  the  eastward.  In  his  march  he  did  rebuke 
the  officers  because  they  did  get  together  into  garrisons  to  defend  themselves. 
How  he  managed  his  affairs,  and  what  measi..es  he  did  take  with  his  instru- 
ments to  impoverish  this  country,  and  with  other  nations  to  bring  us  to  our 
wooden  shoes,  I  leave  to  the  information  of  those  that  took  a  more  particular 
account;  but  it  pleased  God,  upon  the  happy  change  in  England,  the  hearts  of 
God's  people  were  stirred  up  to  adventure  for  the  like  change  amongst  us,  and 
seized  the  instruments  of  our  miseries,  taking  the  government  into  their  hands, 
and  accordingly  did  endeavour  to  their  power  for  the  defence  of  the  country 
against  the  common  enemy,  the  heathen,  and  French,  who  joined  with  them  in 
cruel,  barbarous  manner,  burning  our  towns,  destroying  their  majesties'  subjects 
with  fire  and  sword,  and  all  cruelty  imaginable.  Myself  having  command  of  a 
garrison  in  Falmouth  for  the  defence  of  the  same,  a  party  of  French  from  Can- 
ada, joined  with  a  company  of  Indians,  to  the  number  of  betwixt  four  or  five 
hundred  French  and  Indians,  set  upon  our  fort.  The  i6th  of  May  1690,  about 
dawning,  began  our  fight;  the  20th,  about  3  o'clock,  afternoon,  we  were  taken. 
They  fought  us  five  days  and  four  nights,  in  which  time  they  killed  and  wounded 
the  greatest  part  of  our  men,  burned  all  the  houses,  and  at  last  we  were  forced 
to  have  a  parley  with  them,  in  order  for  a  surrender.     We  not  knowing  that 


98 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


there  was  any  French  among  them,  we  set  up  a  flag  of  truce  in  order  for  a 
parley.  We  demanded  if  there  were  any  French  amongst  them,  and  if  they 
would  give  us  quarter.  They  answcicd,  that  they  were  Frenchmen,  and  that 
they  would  give  us  good  quarter.  Upon  thia  answer,  we  sent  out  to  them  again, 
to  know  from  whence  they  came,  and  if  they  would  give  us  good  quarter,  both 
for  our  men,  women  and  children,  both  wounded  and  sound,  and  that  we  should 
have  liberty  to  march  to  the  next  F.nglish  town,  and  have  a  guard  for  our  de- 
fence and  safety  unto  the  next  Knglish  town  —  then  we  would  surrender ;  and 
also  that  the  governour  of  the  French  should  hold  up  his  hand,  and  swear  by 
the  great  and  ever-living  (Jod,  that  the  several  articles  should  be  performed. 
All  which  he  did  solemnly  swear  to  perform ;  but  as  soon  as  they  had  us  in  their 
custody,  they  broke  thei:  articles,  suffered  our  women  and  children  and  our  men 
to  be  made  cajjtives  in  the  hands  of  the  heathen,  to  be  cruelly  murdered  and 
destroyed,  many  of  them,  and  especially  our  wounded  men ;  only  the  French 
kept  myself  and  three  or  four  more,  and  carried  us  over  land  for  Canada.  I  did 
desire  the  French,  that  seeing  they  would  make  us  cajjtives,  that  they  would 
carry  us  all  for  Canada,  or  keep  us  together,  and  that  I  might  have  the  liberty 
to  send  to  Hoston  to  the  governour  and  councill,  in  order  that  care  might  be 
taken  for  our  ransom ;  but  they  would  not  hear  to  any  such  terms,  but  told 
me  that  we  were  .ill  rebels,  and  also  Boston,  against  our  king,  in  that  we  had 
proclaimed  William  and  Mary  king  and  queen,  and  that  they  were  usurpers 
to  the  crown ;  and  that  they  did  fight  for  King  James,  as  being  under  pro- 
tection of  the  French  king.  About  twenty-four  days  we  were  marching 
through  the  country  for  Quebeck  in  Canada,  by  land  and  water,  carrying  our 
canoes  with  us.  The  chief  of  the  Indians  that  came  against  us  was  those 
Indians  that  we  had  in  hold,  that  Sir  Edmond  Andross  ordered  to  be 
cleared,  Sieur  Castine  and  Madockawando,  with  their  eastern  forces.  The 
French  that  took  us  came  from  Canada,  in  February  last  past,  designed  for  the 
destruction  of  Falmouth,  by  order  from  the  governour  there,  the  Earl  of  P'ronte- 
nack.  The  commander's  name  was  Monsieur  Burniffe;  his  lieutenant's  name 
Monsieur  Corte  de  March,  who  was  at  the  taking  of  Schenectade.  They 
brought  several  Indians  with  them  from  Canada,  and  made  up  the  rest  of  their 
forces  as  they  marched  through  the  woods  from  Canada.  But  I  must  say, 
they  were  kind  to  me  in  my  travels  through  the  country.  Our  provisions  was 
very  short  —  Indian  corns  and  acorns  —  hunger  made  it  very  good,  and  God 
gave  it  strength  to  nourish.  I  arrived  at  Quebeck  the  14th  of  June,  1690,' where 
I  was  civily  treated  by  the  gentry,  and  was  soon  carried  to  the  fort  before  the 
governour,  the  Earl  of  Frontenack.  He  received  me  civilly,  and  discoursed 
with  me,  viz He  told  me  that  our  new  English  at  New  York  was  the  cause  jf 

'  The  French  date  of  arrival  was  23  June,  according  to  the  new  style,  or 
within  one  day  of  it.     (See  p.  77,  ante).    The  English  date  was  the  old  style. 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


99 


the  war  in  this  country  betwixt  the  French  and  English  ;  for  the  Rovernour  of 
New  V'ork  had  liired  the  New  V'orit  Indians  to  come  over  hind,  took  and  killed 
their  people,  and  destroyed  their  couiui^  ;  and  they  were  willing  to  pass  it  by, 
rather  than  to  make  a  war  with  the  English ;  but  still  they  did  continue,  and 
hired  the  Indians  to  burn  several  of  their  peo])le,  that  they  had  taken,  which 
was  a  most  cruel  thing  for  one  '"hristian  to  do  to  another,  anil  that  they  would 
do  no  such  cruel  practice.  1  t(.ld  them  that  New  York  and  lioston  was  two 
distinct  governments,  and  that  the  governonr  of  New  York  must  give  a  particu- 
lar account  to  our  king  for  his  actions,  each  for  himself.  He  said  we  were  one 
nation.  I  told  him  it  was  true,  but  two  distinct  governments.  Also  I  told  him, 
that  the  last  Indian  war  we  had  a  friendly  commerce  with  the  French,  and  for 
ought  I  know  it  might  have  been  so  still,  had  not  they  joined  with  the  Indians 
and  come  over  into  our  country,  destroying  our  towns  and  peojjle  ;  and  that  the 
governour  of  Boston  had  only  raised  forts  to  defend  their  majesties'  subjects 
and  interests  against  the  heathen,  and  had  not  moved  out  our  own  bounds,  but 
being  forced  thereunto  by  their  joining  with  the  Indians  for  the  destruction  of 
our  country.  He  said  we  were  all  rebels  against  our  king,  in  proclaiming  the 
Prince  of  Orange  to  be  our  king,  and  he  was  but  an  usurper,  and  that  King 
James  was  our  king,  and  the  kintj  oi  France  was  his  protector.  In  brief, 
they  told  me  if  the  government  had  not  been  changed,  an''  that  .Sir  Ed- 
mond  Andross  had  continued  governour,  we  should  have  had  no  wars  betwixt 
us,  but  we  should  have  been  all  as  one  people,  which  I  do  believe  there  was  a 
popish  desig.i  against  the  Protestant  interest  in  Isew  England,  as  in  other  parts 
of  the  world.  I  told  him  that  the  condition  was  with  us,  viz.  We  were  upon 
our  guard  in  our  towns,  for  the  defence  of  our  wives  and  children  and  country, 
and  that  little  estate  that  God  had  given  us,  against  a  heathen,  barbarous  enemy, 
and  they  that  had  joined  with  them.  And  I  said  that  they  were  like  robbers 
that  meet  with  honest  men  upon  the  highway,  who  fight  to  save  their  money, 
and  when  they  are  not  able  to  defend  themselves  any  longer,  they  beg  for  cjuar- 
ter,  and  gladly  deliver  their  purse  to  preserve  their  lives,  which  is  promised ; 
but  as  soon  as  the  purse  is  delivered,  the  robbers  cut  the  poor  men's  throats. 
This  is  our  condition ;  for  we  were  promised  good  quarter,  and  a  guide  to  con- 
duct us  to  our  English ;  but  now  we  are  made  captives,  siavcs  and  prisoners  in 
the  hands  of  the  heathen.  I  thought  I  had  to  do  with  Christians,  that  would 
have  been  carefid  of  their  engagements,  and  not  to  violate  and  break  their  oaths. 
Whereupon  the  governour  shaked  his  head,  and,  as  I  was  told,  was  very  angry 
with  Burniffe.  The  governour  bid  me  be  corag'd — I  should  be  used  well.  I 
thanked  him,  and  told  him  I  did  not  value  for  myself,  but  did  grieve  for  the  rest 
of  the  captiveo  *:hat  were  in  the  hands  of  the  Indians.  He  said  that  he  would 
take  care  tha*  all  that  was  taken  with  me  should  be  got  out  of  the  hands  of  the 
Indians ;  for  they  did  look  upon  us  under  another  circumstance  than  those  that 


100 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOVALL. 


had  been  stirring  up  the  Indians  against  them.  I  was  very  kindly  used  whilst 
my  abode  was  at  Quebeck  ;  and  also  several  captives  that  was  taken  with  me, 
that  the  Indians  brought  in,  the  French  bought  them  and  were  kind  co  them.  I 
was  at  Quebeck  four  months,  and  was  exchanged  for  a  Frenchman  Sir  William 
Phips  had  taken,  the  :5th  of  October,  1690 , 

Capt.  Davis,  after  his  return  to  Boston,  presented  a  petition  to 
the  General  Court  for  compensation.  The  document  is  on  file  in 
the  Massachusetts  archives,  and  for  the  information  concerning  it 
I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  Sargent. 

"  Petition  from  Sylvanus  Davis,  Dec.  lo*''  &  aa**,  1690,  that  he  served  at  Casco 
from  April  23d,  16S9,  when  orders  were  sent  to  Col.  Edward  Tyng,  Maj.  Savage 
and  himself  to  take  possession  until  the  time  that  the  fort  was  taken.  May  20, 
1690,  by  the  French  &  heathen,  that  I  was  commander  in  chief  of  the  Fort  and 
town,  also  acted  as  surgion  ir  months  &  13  months  com',  11  months  surgion,  4 
months  commissary  —  also  compensation  for  W'".  Parker  (?  Baker)  who  had 
been  a  soldier  for  ten  months  and  was  now  in  captivity." 

February  23,  1690-91,  he  files  another  petition  referring  to  the 
former  one.  From  the  Court  Records,  6,  3,  the  date  of  Davis' 
appointment  as  commissioner  of  Fort  Loyall  is  April  20,  1689. 

The  exchange  of  Captain  Davis  at  Quebec  was  in  this  wise  : 
After  the  repulse  of  Sir  Wm.  Phipps  in  the  attempt  to  capture 
Quebec  in  October,  1690,  the  fleet  prepared  to  return  to  Boston, 
The  vessels  had  dropped  down  the  river  to  a  point  nine  miles  be- 
low Quebec,  We  quote  from  the  letter  of  M.  de  Monseignat  to 
Mde.  de  Maintenon,  Paris  Documents  : ' 


"  Miss  de  La  Land,  who  was  a  prisoner  on  board  the  admiral's  ship,  seeing 
that  they  were  about  to  return  home,  inquired  of  the  general,  through  an  inter- 
preter, if  he  wanted  to  take  her  along  and  abandon  a  number  of  his  country- 
men, who  were  prisoners  at  Quebec,  if  an  exchange  was  proposed,  she  hoped 
such  negotiation  might  succeed.  She,  herself,  was  sent  on  parole  to  make  the 
proposal.    The  Count  (Frontenac)  readily  consented,  being  very  glad  to  receive 

'N,  Y.  Col,  Man.,  IX,  489, 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


lOI 


her  and  her  m.iid.  Sieur  de  Grandville  '  and  Sieur  Trouve,''  a  priest  who  had 
been  taken  at  Port  Royal,  and  had  been  brought  hither  with  others  from 
Acadia,  expecting  that  he  would  be  very  useful  after  the  ca|)ture  of  the  country. 
In  the  evening  she  returned  greatly  elated  on  board  the  admiral's  ship. 
The  English  prisoners  we  wished  to  restore  were  mustered  that  very  night ; 
they  consisted  mostly  of  women  and  children,  and  none  of  any  consideration 
except  Captain  l^avys  the  commander  of  the  fort  which  Sieur  de  Portneuf  took. 
There  were  besides,  his  lieutenant's  two  daughters  (l.icut.  T.  Clark),  who  ap- 
peared very  well  bred.  The  Count  had  ransomed  them  from  the  Indians,  and 
put  them  to  board.     Another  girl  ^  of  9  or  10  years  of  age,  who  was  somewhat 

'  Sieur  de  Grandville  served  with  distinction  as  one  of  the  French  command- 
ers at  the  conciuest  of  the  Iroc|uois  Indians  in  16.S7.  At  the  attack  upon  Quebec 
by  Sir  Wm.  I'liipi^s  in  October,  1G90,  he  was  sent  to  obtain  intelligence  and  was 
taken  prisoner.     (N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  IV,  IX). 

'  M.  Trouve  was  a  French  missionary  who  was  captured  at  Port  Royal  the 
May  previous  by  Sir  Wm.  IMiiiJjJs.  The  i>riest's  residence  was  jilundered 
and  desecrated.  He  was  carried  to  Hostoii,  and  when  the  fleet  sailed  for  Que- 
bec in  Oct.,  1690,  he  was  taken  with  the  exijedition  to  act  as  an  interpreter  and 
to  be  useful.     (N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  IX,  475,  493). 

^  Sarah  Gerrish  was  the  daughter  of  John  Gcrrish  of  Dover,  and  a  grand- 
daughter of  Major  Richard  W'aldron,  with  whom  she  resided.  Her  mother's 
name  was  Elizabeth,  and  she  was  a  daughter  of  Maj.  Waldron  by  his  second 
wife,  Ap'iie  Scamman.  Quocheco  (Dover)  was  attacked  bv  the  Indians  on  the 
night  of  the  27th  June,  1689.  Tlie  garrison  house  where  Maj.  Waklron  and  his 
family  lived  was  taken  by  strategem,  and  most  of  the  inmates,  including  Major 
Waklron,  killed.  Among  the  cai)tives  taken  was  .Sarah  Gerrish,  who  was  a  re- 
markably fine  child  of  seven  years.  .She  was  an  inmate  of  Major  Waldron's 
house  that  fatal  night.  "  Some  circumstances  concerning  her  captivity  are  truly 
affecting.  When  she  was  awakened  by  the  noise  of  tiie  Inilians  in  the  house, 
she  crept  into  another  bed  and  hid  herself  under  the  clothes  to  esca])e  their 
search.  After  she  was  taken  a  prisoner  in  company  with  other  captives,  she 
remained  in  their  hands  till  the  next  winter  wandering  through  the  forests, 
and  was  sold  from  one  to  another  several  times.  An  Indian  girl  once  ]nished 
her  into  the  river,  but  catching  by  the  bushes  she  esca])ed  drowning,  yet 
durst  not  tell  how  she  came  tc  be  wet.  Once  she  was  so  weary  with 
traveling  that  she  laid  down  at  night  and  did  not  awaken  till  morning,  till  the 
Indians  were  gone,  and  then  she  found  herself  alone  in  the  woods  covered  with 
snow,  and  without  anv  food  ;  having  found  their  tracks  .she  went  crying  after 
them,  till  they  heard  Iier  and  took  her  with  them.  At  one  time  they  kindled  a 
great  fire  and'  the  young  Indians  told  her  she  was  to  be  roasted.  She  burst  into 
tears,  threw  her  arms  around  her  master's  neck,  and  begged  him  to  save  her, 
which  he  promised  to  do  if  she  would  behave  well.  At  length  having  arrived 
with  her  owners  at  Quebec,  she  was  bought  by  the  Intendant's  lady  who  treat- 
ed her  courteously  and  sent  her  to  a  nunneiy  for  education.  It  was  the  design 
as  was  said  to  have  her  brought  u])  in  the  Romish  religi(>n,  and  then  have  her 
married  unto  the  .-^i,'.!  of  the  Lord  Intendant.  .She  w.''s  kindly  us<?d  there  until 
Sir  Wdliam  Phipps  iring  before  Quebec,  did,  u;;on  exchange  of  ])risoners, 
obtain  her  liberty.  Arter  sixteen  months  of  captivity  she  was  restored  unto 
her  friends,  who  had  t!  >:  consolation  of  having  this  desirable  daughter  again 
with  them,  returned  fr(  ni  the  dead;  but  coming  to  be  sixteen  years  old,  in  the 
month  of  July,  1697,  death  by  a  malignant  fever  more  irrecoverably  took  her 
from  them."     (Sec  Ili-^.  of  N.  II.,  I,  203;  Mather,  II,  p.  592). 


I02 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


well  looking  had  been  ransomed  by  the  Intendants  lady  who  felt  considerable 
pain  at  her  surrender,  yet  nevertheless  submitted  for  the  public  good. 

They  amounted  to  eighteen  in  all.  M.  de  Vallicre  '  was  entrusted  to  make 
the  exchange.  He  proceeded  by  land  on  Wednesday  morning  to  the  place  op- 
posite where  the  English  were  moored.  The  negotiations  continued  throughout 
the  day.  A  chaplain  had  come  ashore,  and  means  were  found  to  detain  him  in 
consequence  of  the  difficulties  which  were  thrown  in  the  way  of  the  surrender 
of  M.  Trouve.  Finally  the  exchange  was  completed  in  good  faith,  but  we  had 
greatly  the  advantage  in  it,  since  in  return  for  children  we  received  adult  men, 
fit  for  service,  and  the  number  of  French  exceeded  that  of  the  English.  They 
detained  two  of  our  French  pilots  which  they  promised  to  land  ashore  after 
passing  the  dangers  of  the  river." 

In  a  letter  from  the  governor  (Frontenac)  to  the  minister,  dated 
Nov.  12,  1690,^  concerning  this  exchange,  he  says: 

"  But  to  return  to  the  English.  When  they  anchored  at  Varbre  sec.  Miss  de 
la  Lande,^  who  was  one  of  those  who  had  been  taken  in  the  bark  which  the 
enemy  had  met,  proposed  to  Genefal  Phips  to  demand  an  exchange.  He  agreed 
and  sent  her  to  ascertain  if  I  would  listen  to  the  proposition.  As  it  came  from 
them  I  considered  I  ought  not  to  reject  it,  being,  besides,  very  glad  to  recover 
principally  Sieur  de  Grandville  who  had  been  despatched  before  my  arrival  by 
order  of  Sieur  de  Prevost/  the  mayor  of  Quebec,  to  reconnoitre  the  enemy,  and 
and  an  ecclesiastic  called  M.  Trouve  whom  they  took  at  Port  Royal,  and  whom 
they  had  brought  along  with  them,  with  what  view  he  could  not  divine.     I  com- 


'  Sieur  de  la  Vallicre  was  one  of  Canada's  most  trusted  officers.  He  was 
sent  on  missions  to  New  York,  and  as  an  envoy  to  the  Earl  of  Jklmont  in  ref- 
erence to  the  exchange  of  prisoners  in  1700.  He  was  at  this  time  (i6go)  the 
captain  of  P'rontenac's  guards.     (N.  Y.  Col.  Man). 

^N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  IX,  461. 

'Sir  Wm.  Phipps  captured  at  Tadoussac  (30  miles  from  Quebec)  a  vessel 
having  on  board  M.idame  Ealande  and  Madame  Joliet,  the  wife  and  the  mother- 
in-law  of  the  discoverer  of  the  Mississippi.  (Parkman's  New  France,  page  263). 
The  demoiselle  Ealande  referred  to  (captured  bv  the  I'jiglish  below  Quebec), 
was  in  all  probability  Elizabeth  Perrin,  wife  of  Jolin  Eilande.  She  spoke  Eng- 
lish, as  her  early  life  was  si)ent  in  New  York,  where  she  was  baptized  in  Don- 
gan's  time  by  one  of  the  English  Jesuits,  whom  he  had  brought  over.  See  Tan- 
guay  Uictionnaire  Gcnealogiciue,  pp.  339,493    (Charlevoix,  Shea's  Ed.,  VI,  128). 

*  M.  de  Prevost  was  in  16S7  the  commander  at  Montreal;  in  1690,  mayor  of 
Quebec.  He  heard  of  the  expedition  of  Sir  Wm.  Phipps  against  Canada  from 
a  fleet  Indian  runner,  who  had  been  sent  through  the  woods  to  Quebec.  He 
notified  Frontenac  at  Montreal,  and  preparations  were  made  for  the  defense. 
In  1692  he  was  the  lieutenant  governor  of  Quebec.  (N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  IX,  169, 
340,  4«2,  570). 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


103 


missioned  Sieur  de  la  VaUiere,  captain  of  my  guards,  to  effect  this  exchange,  of 
which  duty  he  acquitted  himself  so  well  that  we  have  had  more  French  restored 
than  the  English.  The  latter  consisted  only  of  women,  girls  and  children,  ex- 
cept Capt.  Davis  who  had  been  taken  by  Sieur  de  Portneuf,  the  latter  had  to 
be  exchanged  for  Sieur  de  Grandville ;  and  in  order  to  have  our  Priest,  who 
would  never  have  been  restored  had  not  Sieur  de  la  Valliere  induced  this  Gen- 
eral's principal  Chaplain  to  come  to  negotiate  with  him,  and  declared  to  him 
that  he  would  carry  him  to  Quebec,  if  they  refused  to  exchange  Sieur  Trouve 
for  a  little  girl  whom  the  Intendant's  lady  had  bought  of  the  Indians  and  whom 
she  offered  to  give  up." 

Another  prisoner,  Hannah  Swarton,'  has  put  upon  record  a  long 

account  of  her  captivity,  which  is  published  in  full  in  Mather's 

Magnalia,  II,  357,  and  of  which  some  extracts  are  made  : 

A  narrative  of  Hannah  Swarton,  containing  wonderful  passages  relating  to  her 
captivity  and  deliverance. 

"I  was  taken  by  the  Indians  when  Casco  fort  was  taken  (May,  1690);  my 
husband  being  slain,  and  four  children  taken  with  me.  The  eldest  of  my  sons 
they  kill'd  about  two  months  after  I  was  taken,  and  the  rest  scatter'd  from  me. 
I  was  now  left  a  widow,  and  as  bereav'd  of  my  children ;  though  I  had  them 
alive,  yet  it  was  very  seldom  I  could  see  'em,  and  I  had  not  liberty  to  discourse 
with  'em  without  danger  either  of  my  own  life  or  theirs ;  for  our  condoling  each 
other's  condition,  and  shewing  natural  affection,  was  so  displeasing  to  our 
Indian  rulers,  unto  whose  share  we  fell,  that  they  would  threaten  to  kill  us,  if 
we  cry'd  each  to  other,  or  discoursed  much  together.  So  that  my  condition  was 
like  what  the  Lord  threatened  the  Jews  in  Ezek.  xxiv.  22,  23.  We  durst  not 
mourn  or  iveep  in  the  sight  of  our  enemies,  lest  we  lost  our  own  lives.  For  the 
first  times,  while  the  enemy  feasted  on  our  English  provisions,  I  might  have  had 
some  with  them ;  but  then  I  was  so  fill'd  with  sorrow  and  tears,  that  I  had  little 
stomach  to  eat ;  and  when  my  stomach  was  come,  our  English  food  was  spent  ; 
the  Indians  wanted  themselves,  and  we  more ;  so  that  then  I  was  pin'd  with 
want.  We  had  no  corn  or  bread  ;  but  sometimes  groundnutts,  acorns,  purslain, 
hogweed,  weeds,  roots,  and  sometimes  dog's  flesh,  but  not  sufficient  to  satisfie 
hunger  with  these ;  having  but  little  at  a  time.     We  had  no  success  at  hunting  ; 

"Hannah  Swarton  was  wife  of  John  Swarton,  whose  original  petition,  dated 
June  i6,  1687,  is  preserved  among  the  Mass.  archives  (126-358),  in  which  he 
states  that  he  had  formerly  served  King  Charles  II  in  the  wars  in  Flanders 
under  the  command  of  Colonel  Marloe,  and  elsewhere  ;  living  now  at  Beverly 
with  his  wife  and  children,  but  being  destitute  of  land  had  lately  taken  a  journey 
to  North  Yarmouth  where  he  was  promised  a  vacant  ten-acre  lot  by  CajJtain 
[Walter]  Gendall,  provided  he  should  obtain  an  order  from  the  governor,  for 
which  he  humbly  prays.  His  widow  Hannah  afterwards  claims  sixty  acres  at 
that  place.  I  find  the  names  of  their  children,  Jesp',  Johana  and  Mary,  occur- 
ring among  the  Canada  captives.  w,  M.  S. 


n 


I04 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


save  that  one  bear  was  killed,  which  I  had  part  of ;  and  a  very  small  part  of  a 
turt'ic  I  had  another  time,  and  once  an  Indian  gave  me  a  piece  of  a  moose's 
liver,  which  was  a  sweet  morsel  to  me ;  and  fish  if  we  could  catch  it.  Thus  I 
continued  with  them,  hurry'd  up  and  down  the  wilderness,  from  May  20  till  the 
middle  of  February;  carrying  continually  a  great  burden  in  our  travels;  and  I 
must  go  their  pace,  or  else  be  killed  presently ;  and  yet  was  pinch'd  with  cold 
for  want  of  clothing,  being  put  by  them  into  an  Indian  dress,  with  a  sleight 
blanket,  no  stockins,  and  but  one  pair  of  Indian  s.hoes,  and  of  their  leather 
stockins  for  the  winter :  my  feet  were  pricked  with  sharjD  stones  and  prickly 
bushes  sometimes,  and  other  times  pinch'd  with  snow,  cold,  and  ice,  that  I 
travell'd  upon,  ready  to  be  frozen,  and  faint  for  want  of  food ;  so  that  many 
times  I  thought  I  could  go  no  further,  but  must  lie  down,  and  if  they  would  kill 
me,  let  'em  kill  me.  Yet  then  the  Lord  did  so  renew  my  strength,  that  I  went 
on  still  further  as  my  master  would  have  me,  and  held  out  with  them.  Though 
many  English  were  taken,  and  I  was  brought  to  some  of  'em  at  times,  while  we 
were  about  Casco  bay  and  Kennebec  river,  yet  at  Norridgewock  we  were 
separated,  and  no  English  were  in  our  company,  but  one  John  York  and  myself, 
who  were  both  almost  starv'd  for  want ;  and  yet  told  that  if  we  could  not  hold 
up  to  travel  with  them,  they  would  kill  us.  And  accordingly  John  York,  grow- 
ing weak  by  his  wants,  they  V:illed  him,  and  threatened  me  with  the  like.  One 
time  ray  Indian  mistress  and  I  were  left  alone,  while  the  rest  went  to  look  for 
eels ;  and  they  left  us  no  food  from  Sabbath-day  morning  till  the  next  Saturday ; 
save  that  we  had  a  bladder  (of  Moose,  I  think)  which  was  well  fiU'd  with 
maggots,  and  we  boil'd  it,  and  drank  the  broth ;  but  the  bladder  was  so  tough 
we  could  not  eat  it.  On  the  Saturday  I  was  sent  by  my  mistress  to  that  i)art  of 
the  island  most  likely  to  see  some  canoo,  and  there  to  make  fire  and  smoke,  to 
invite  some  Indians,  if  I  could  spie  any,  to  come  to  relieve  us;  and  I  espy'd  a 
canoo,  and  by  signs  invited  them  to  come  to  shore.  It  proved  to  be  squaws ; 
who,  understanding  our  wants,  one  of  'em  gave  me  a  roasted  eel ;  which  I  eat, 
and  it  seem'd  unto  me  the  most  savoury  food  I  ever  tasted  before.  Sometimes 
we  liv'd  on  wortle  berries,  sometimes  on  a  kind  of  wild  cherry,  which  grew  on 
bushes,  which  I  was  sent  to  gather  once  in  so  bitter  a  cold  season,  that  I  was 
not  able  to  bring  my  fingers  together  to  hold  them  fast ;  yet  under  all  these 
hardships  the  Lord  kept  me  from  any  sickness,  or  such  weakness  as  to  disenable 
me  from  travelling  when  they  put  us  upon  it. 

My  Indian  mistress  was  one  that  had  been  bred  by  the  English  at  Blackpoint, 
and  now  married  to  a  Canadian  Indian,  and  turned  Papist;  and  she  would  say, 
'  that  had  the  English  been  as  careful  to  instruct  her  in  our  religion  as  the 
French  were  to  instruct  her  in  theirs,  she  might  have  been  of  our  religion ; '  and 
she  would  say,  that  '  God  delivered  us  into  their  hands  to  punish  us  for  our 
sins ; '  and  this  I  knew  was  true  as  to  myself.    And  as  I  desired  to  consider  of 


mp 


DESTRUCTION   OF    FALMOUTH. 


105 


all  my  sins,  for  which  the  Lord  did  punish  me,  so  this  lay  very  heavy  upon  my 
spirit  many  a  time,  that  I  had  left  the  publick  worship  and  ordinances  of  God, 
where  I  formerly  lived,  (viz :  at  Beverley),  to  remove  to  the  north  part  of  Casco 
bay,  where  there  was  no  church  or  minister  of  the  gospel ;  and  this  we  did  for 
large  accommodations  in  the  world,  thereby  exposing  our  children  to  be  bred 
ignorantly  like  Indians,  and  ourselves  to  forget  that  what  we  had  been  formerly 
instructed  in ;  and  so  we  turned  our  backs  upon  God's  ordinances  to  get  this 
world's  goods.  But  now  God  hath  stript  me  of  these  things  also;  so  that  I 
might  justifie  the  Lord  in  all  that  has  befallen  me,  and  acknowledge  that  he 
hath  punish'd  me  less  than  my  iniquities  deserved.  I  was  now  bereav'd  of 
husband,  children,  friends,  neighbors,  house,  estate,  bread,  cloaths,  or  lodging 
suitable ;  and  my  very  life  did  hang  daily  in  doubt,  being  continually  in  danger 
of  being  kill'd  by  the  Indians,  or  pined  to  deatli  with  famine,  or  tired  to  death 
with  hard  travelling,  or  pinch'd  with  cold  till  I  died,  in  the  winter  season. 

I  travell'd  over  steep  and  iiidcous  mountains  one  while,  and  another  while 
over  swamps  and  thickets  of  fallen  trees,  lying  one,  two,  three  foot  from  the 
ground,  which  I  have  stepp'd  on  from  one  to  another,  nigh  a  thousand  in  a  day, 
carrying  a  great  burden  on  my  back.  Yet  I  dreaded  going  to  Canada,  for  fear 
lest  I  sliould  be  overcome  by  them  to  yield  to  their  religion;  whicii  I  had 
vowed  unto  God,  that  /  -uoii/d  net  do.  But  the  extremity  of  my  sufferings  were 
such,  that  at  length  I  was  willing  to  go  to  preserve  my  life.  And  after  many 
weary  journies  tho'  frost  and  snow,  we  came  to  Canada  about  the  middle  of 
February,  1690,  and  travelling  over  the  river,  my  master  pitched  his  wigwam  in 
sight  of  some  French  houses  westward  of  us,  and  then  sent  me  to  those  houses 
to  beg  victuals  for  them ;  -."hich  I  did,  and  found  the  French  very  kind  to  me, 
giving  me  beef,  and  pork,  and  bread,  which  I  had  been  without  near  nine 
montiis  before ;  so  that  I  found  a  great  change  as  to  diet.  But  the  snow  being 
knee-deep,  and  my  legs  and  hams  very  sore,  I  found  it  very  tedious  to  travel ; 
and  my  sores  bled;  so  that  as  I  travell'd,  I  might  be  track'd  by  my  blood  that  I 
left  behind  me  on  the  snow.  I  asked  leave  to  stay  all  night  with  the  French 
when  I  went  to  beg  again,  which  my  master  consented  unto,  and  sent  me  east- 
ward, to  houses  which  were  toward  Quebec  (though  then  I  knew  it  not :)  so, 
having  begg'd  provisions  at  a  French  house,  and  it  being  near  night,  after  I  was 
refresh'd  myself,  and  had  food  to  carry  to  the  Indians,  I  signified,  as  well  as  I 
could,  to  make  the  French  woman  understand  that  I  desir'd  to  stay  by  her  fire 
that  night.  Whereupon  she  laid  a  good  bed  on  the  floor,  and  good  coverings 
for  mc,  and  there  I  lodg'd  comfortaijly ;  and  the  next  morning,  when  I  had 
breakfasted  with  the  family,  and  the  men-kind  were  gone  abroad,  as  I  was  about 
to  go  to  my  Indian  master,  the  French  woman  stept  out,  and  left  me  alone  in 
her  house;  and  I  then  staid  her  return,  to  give  her  thanks  for  her  kindness; 
and  while  I  waited,  came  in  two  men,  and  one  of  'em  spoke  to  me  in  English, 


h^ 


'r 


fo6 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


"  I  am  glad  to  see  you  countrey  woman ! "  This  was  exceedingly  reviving  to 
hear  the  voice  of  an  Englishman,  and  upon  inquiry  I  found  that  he  was  taken 
at  the  North-west  Passage ;  and  the  other  was  a  French  ordinary-keeper.  After 
some  discourse,  he  ask'd  me  to  go  with  him  to  Quebeck,  which  he  told  me  was 
about  four  miles  off:  I  answered,  my  Indian  master  might  kill  me  for  it  when  I 
went  back.  Then,  after  some  discourse  in  French  with  his  fellow-traveller,  he 
said,  this  French  man  engag'd  that,  if  I  would  go  with  them,  he  would  keep  me 
from  returning  to  the  Indians,  and  I  should  he  ransom'd:  and  my  French 
hostess,  being  now  return'd  in  a-doors,  perswaded  me  to  go  with  'em  to 
Quebeck;  which  I  did,  and  was  convey'd  unto  the  house  of  the  lord-intendant, 
Monsieur  le  Tonant,  who  was  chief  judge,  and  the  second  to  the  governonr; 
and  I  was  kindly  entertain'd  by  the  lady ;  and  had  French  cloaths  given  me,  with 
good  diet  and  lodging,  and  was  carry'd  thence  unto  the  hospital,  where  I  was 
physick'd  and  blooded,  and  very  courteously  provided  for.  And  some  time 
after  my  Indian  master  and  mistress  coming  for  me,  the  lady  intendant  paid  a 
ransom  for  me,  and  I  became  her  servant.  And,  I  must  speak  it  to  the  honour 
of  the  French,  they  were  exceeding  kind  to  me  at  first ;  even  as  kind  as  I  could 
expect  to  find  the  English;  so  that  I  wanted  nothing  for  my  bodily  comfort 
which  they  could  helj)  me  unto.         .... 

The  means  of  my  deliverance  were  by  reason  of  letters  that  had  passed  between 
the  governments  of  New-England  and  of  Cana  a.  Mr.  Gary  was  sent  with  a 
vessel  to  fetch  captives  from  Quebec,  and  when  he  came,  I,  among  others,  with 
my  youngest  son,  had  our  liberty  to  come  away ;  and  by  God's  blessing  upon  us 
we  arrived  in  safety  at  Boston,  in  November,  1695,  our  desired  heaven.  And  I 
desire  to  praise  the  'Lord  for  his  goodness,  and  for  his  wonderfnl  works  to 
me.'  Yet  still  I  have  left  behind  two  children;  a  daughter  of  twenty  years 
old,  at  Mount  Royal,  whom  I  had  not  seen  in  two  years  before  I  came  away ; 
and  a  sou  of  nineteen  years  old,  whom  I  never  saw  since  we  parted,  the  nex  ■ 
morning  after  we  were  taken.  I  earnestly  request  the  prayers  of  my  Ghristian 
friends  that  the  Lord  will  deliver  them. 

'  IVhat  shall  I  render  to  the  Lord  for  all  his  benefits  ? '  " 

In  1695  the  governor  and  council  of  Massachusetts  Bay  com- 
missioned Matthew  Gary '  to  go  to  Canada  to  bring  home  pris- 

' "  Mathew  Gary,  now  in  Boston,  Purser  of  their  Maj"'''  Shipp  Nonesuch " 
had  a  grant  of  land  in  Boston,  from  John  Adams,  March  9,  1693-4,  Jan.  5,  1696. 
Mathew  Gary  and  Mary  his  wife  gave  to  Andrew  Belcher  a  mortgage  which 
was  cancelled  Jan.  24,  1698.  Mr.  Gary  is  there  styled,  "late  Purser,"  etc.  On 
the  4th  of  the  same  month  (i6g6)  he  is  called  in  the  mortgage  to  Francis  Fox- 
croft,  "a  Gentleman."  This  latter  document  was  cancelled  May  11,  1700.  After 
which  we  can  learn  nothing  of  Mathew  Gary,  who  was  doubtless  the  individual 
that  effected  the  exchange  of  prisoners  in  Ganada,  in  1695.  Suffolk  Registry  of 
Deeds,  XVI.  306,  XVII.  345,  XIX.  66.    (N.  E.  His.  &  Gen.  Reg.  24,  425.) 


T 


DESTRUCTION   OF   FALMOUTH. 


107 


oners  who  had  been  captured  by  French  and  Indians  in  the  wars 
previous.  Count  Frontenac,  the  governor-general  of  Canada,  had 
agreed  to  return  such  captives.  Among  them  were  those  taken  at 
the  capture  of  Fort  Loyall  in  1690. 

"  At  a  council  held  at  the  council  chamber  in  Boston  upon 
Thursday,  July  14,  1695,'  Advised  and  ordered  that  the  Commis- 
sioner of  war  do  take  up  a  suitable  vessel  to  be  sent  with  a  Flagg 
of  Truce  unto  Canada  for  the  exchanging  and  bringing  home  the 
English  prisoners  there."  The  commibsionor  proceeded  in  this 
vessel  to  Quebec,  and  returned  to  Boston  with  those  who  were  re- 
deemed by  him. 

The  following  were  among  those  who  were  redeemed  by  Matthew 
Gary,  Oct.,  1695,  who  had  been  taken  prisoners  at  the  capture  of 
Fort  Loyall  in  1690 :  James  Ross,  James  Alexander,  Joseph  Swar- 
ton  (a  boy),  Mary  Swarton  (elder). 

Among  those  who  remained  still  in  the  hands  of  the  French 
were  the  following,  taken  at  Casco,  viz.  :  Samuel  Yorke,  Samuel 
Souter  (or  Senter),  Mary  Swarton  (a  girl),  Sara  Davis  (a  girl), 
Thomas  Baker  (boy),  Geo.  Gray  (boy). 

All  of  these  prisoners,  with  the  exception  of  Samuel  Yorke, 
were  probably  never  returned  Th^  intelligent  English  captives 
(children)  were  much  sought  after  by  French  families.  They 
adopted  them,  brought  them  up  as  their  own  children,  sent  them 
to  the  nunnery  schools  for  their  education,  inculcated  them  in  the 
attractions  and  formulas  of  the  Romish  church,  so  that  they  lost 
all  memory  and  love  for  their  former  New  England  homes ;  and 
lived  and  died  among  their  former  enemies  and  later  friends,  and 
their  descendants  are  to  be  found  among  the  most  cultured  and 
refined  families  of  the  Province. 

Samuel  Yorke,  another  one  of  the  Fort  Loyall  captives,  re- 
mained ten  years  in  Canada.  In  1700  he  escaped  and  came  to 
Albany,  where  he  addressed  the  following  memorial,  viz. : 

"To  his  ExCLilency  the  Earl  of  Belmont,  Capt.  General  and  Governo''  in  chief 
of  the  Province  of  New  York  &c 

'  N.  E.  liis.  &  Gen.  Reg.,  24,  286,  291 . 


io8 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  LOYALL. 


"  The  memorial  of  Samuel  Yorke,  Carijcnter,  showcth,  That  I  was  taken 
prisoner  at  Casco  15ay  by  a  party  of  French  and  Indians  under  the  command 
of  Monsieur  de  Portneuf  in  the  month  of  May,  1690,  and  carried  to  Canada, 
where,  and  in  the  hunting  Indian  coinitrics,  I  have  lived  ever  since  till  the  29th 
day  of  this  last  July  (1700),  that  I  made  my  escape  to  conic  hither,  and  during 
the  last  ten  years  and  a  half  I  was  employed  in  cutting  masts  for  the  use  of 
the  French  King  navy." 

He  then  gives  a  description  of  the  western  Indians  in  Canada 
among  whom  he  had  resided.' 

'  N.  Y.  Col.  Man.,  IV,  749. 

A  bill  was  passed  by  the  general  court  of  Massachusetts,  Oct. 
22d,  1690,  "ordering,  one-fourth  part  of  wages  for  the  present,  to 
be  paid  to  the  soldiers  wives  and  relatives  who  were  slain  or  taken 
at  Casco."     (^Mass.  Archives,  36,  190). 


Friends  and  fellow-citizens :  I  have  detained  you  long  in  the 
recital  of  the  history  of  Fort  Loyall,  and  the  brae  deeds  that 
were  done  by  its  glorious  defenders  nearly  two  centuries  since, 
who  were  then  the  humble  men  of  Falmouth,  Truly  the  name 
"  Loyall  "  was  well  chosen,  and  its  significance  was  made  apparent 
when  in  the  last  days  of  that  fearful  struggle  it  went  down  amid 
flames  and  smoke,  carnage  and  slaughter,  and  the  life  blood  of  its 
defenders  was  poured  out.  They  were  loyal  men  who  defended  it. 
They  were  loyal  to  the  English  flag ;  they  were  loyal  to  the  Pro- 
testant religion^  they  were  loyal  to  the  new  sovereigns  of  England, 
William  of  Orange  and  Mary,  his  wife.  Nobly  they  upheld  the 
banner  of  St.  George  against  the  white  flag  of  the  Bourbons. 
They  were  loyal  to  the  Massachusetts  Government,  notwithstand- 
ing all  the  neglect  they  had  received  from  them.  They  were  loyal 
to  their  own  homes  and  firesides. 

It  is  but  a  few  hours  since  when,  not  only  here,  but  in  nearly  all 
parts  of  the  Union,  has  been  laid  upon  the  graves  of  those  who 
laid  down  their  lives  for  our  country  the  mementoes  of  our  grati- 
tude and  reverence  to  the  "Union  dead;"'  and  we  here  are  hoping 

'Memorial  Day  occurred  on  the  Saturday  previous,  May  30th. 


T-!r 


DESTRUCTION  OF   FALMOUTH. 


109 


soon  to  perpetuate  in  enduring  stone  a  lasting  monument  to  their 
sacred  memories.  Can  we  not,  without  forgetting  the  greater  re- 
sponsibility that  exists  with  us,  do  something  to  preserve  in  our 
memories  and  the  history  of  our  city,  some  remembrance  of  the 
deeds  of  our  ancestors?  Can  we  not  erect  in  some  place  a  simp!e, 
suitable  memorial  to  those  who  two  centuries  ago  laid  down  their 
lives  and  sacrificed  themselves  as  victims.  Their  bones  have 
mouldered  to  the  dust  among  the  unknown  dead.  Their  memories 
let  us  not  as  citizens  of  Portland  ever  forget. 


Additions  and  Corrections. 


On  page  15,  in  letter  of  S.  V.  M.iybcrry,  in  which  he  nnkc3  the  statement 
that  "  notiiing  but  tradition  that  there  was  any  records  "  is  controverted  l)y  the 
following  from  Mr.  Sargent :  "  There  is  record  evidence  of  their  existence,  for 
the  Proprietors  of  North  Yarmouth  in  a  petition,  1722,  request  that  a  copy  be 
made  of  their  records  (then  in  Charlestown),  but  the  original  kept  in  Boston, 
'  that  so  the  ancient  records  of  the  said  Town  may  he  kept  safe,  and  secured 
fiom  the  danger  of  falling  into  the  hands  of  the  Indians,  and  other  casualties 
that  may  happen,  which  was  the  unhappy  case  of  Casco  Bay,  whose  records  tuere 
lost,  the  loss  of  which  has  run  them  into  great  confusion,  and  has  almost  proved 
their  utter  ruin  a.  "  destruction.'  " 

r.ige  19.  According  to  additions  and  corrections,  Wentworth  Gen.,  1,662,  it 
was  John  Sayward,  instead  of  Willam,  whom  Mary  Wheelwright  married;  he 
was  her  second  husband  instead  of  the  first.  See  note  to  James  Plaisted  on 
page  58,  ante. 

Page  20.  Major  Nicholas  Shapleigh  was  accidentally  killed  at  the  launching 
of  a  vessel  at  Kittery,  29th  April,  1682.  w.  m,  s. 

Page  21.     In  note  i,  7th  line,  for  "  association  "  read  "  assembly." 
Page  25.     In  the  nth  line  after  the  word  "  time"  add  "for." 
Page  26.     In  the  3d  line  of  note,  for  "  Sokosis,"  read  "  Sokokis." 
Page  31.     In  the  iSth  line  for  "  important  "  read  "  imprudent." 
Page  41,  note  3.    Elisha  Andrews'  lot  lay  east  of  John  Tucker's   at    Fal- 
mouth Foreside  (Eastern  Claims).     He  was  the  grandson  of  Samuel  Andrews, 
who  emigrated  from  London,   14th  April,  1635,  to  Saco,  where  he  died  the  sec- 
ond year  after,  and  his  widow,  Jane,  became  the  (probably)  second  wife  of 
Arthur  Mackworth.     See  a  note  concerning  this  family  —  Recorder,  II,  page  88, 
W.  M.  S. 

Ibid,  note  4.  Sergeant  Nathaniel  White  had  the  command  of  the  half-moon 
garrison,  instead  of  Elisha  Gallison.     .See  page  66,  ante. 

Ibid,  note  5.  George  Ingerson,  aged  61,  deposes,  1678,  that  his  father 
was  Richard  of  Salem,  where  he  was  born.  (Mass.  Archives,  16;  Estates, 
II,  No.  71).  This  Richard  Inkersall  (sic),  was  a  Bedfordshire  man,  hired  by 
the  Massachusetts  Company  and  sent  over  in  May,  1629,  with  his  family, 
(Suffolk  Deeds,  i,  XVI). 

Page  58,  note  i.     In  last  line  for  "Dremmer,"  read  "  Dummer." 
Ibid,  note  2.    In  5th  line,  for  "  Scammon,"  read  "  Scamman." 
Page  65,  Note  i.     In  ist  line  after  the  word  "  of "  insert  "Annapolis  basin  on." 
Page  70,  note  3.     In  2d  line  for  III,  read  IV. 
Page  92,  note  i.    In  sth  line  for  "  1659  "  read  "  1689.' 
I  to 


References.  Authorities  Quoted. 


American  Cyclopecli.i,  I,  19,488;  IV, 
S66;  IX,  142;  X,  ,330,  331,  546,  655- 
6;<;;  XI,  39,40;  XIII,  449. 

Anuios  Iracts,  I,  iiS;   II,  50:  1X1,63. 

IJancruft.  History  of  United  States, 
III,  136,  175,  176,  r82. 

Bostcjii.  Record  ComnMssioners,  V, 
55;  IX,  249. 

Bourne.  History  of  Wells  and  Ken- 
nelniiik,   pp.  39,   185,   231,  232,  233, 

Charlevoix,  original,  Translation  .Shea 
Kd.,  111,210;  IV,  133-137;  VI,  128. 

Church's  ICxpeditions.     II, 

De  La  I'otherie.  History  de  I'Amer- 
ique. 

Drake.  Hook  of  the  Indians,  III, 
103-9,   no,   114,   116,  118,  120,   123, 

124,  126,  139,  140. 

Drake.     History  of  iJoston,  pp.  499, 

500. 
Essex  Institute.     II,  190. 
Essex  Probate  Office,  25,  42. 
Folsom.     History   of    Saco,  pp.    168, 

184-6,  192. 
Hannah.     History  of  Acadia,  p.  230. 
Hubbard.     Indians,  II,  177. 
Hutchinson.     Manuscrii)ts,  Vol.  3,  leaf 

401.     (Mass.  Archives). 
Johnson.     History  of  Hristol,  &c„  pp. 

125,  134. 

Longfellow.    Atlantic  Monthly,  XXIX, 

334- 
Mayberry  Stephen  P.   Communication 

to   Mayor  and  Aldermen  of  City  of 

Portland. 
Maine,  History  of.     Sulliv.an,  p.  202. 
Maine,    History    of.      Williamson,    I, 

608,  620,  642. 
Maine    Historical    and    Genealogical 

Recorder,  II,  88,  1S9. 
Maine  Historical  Society's  Collections, 

I,   168,  203;  III,  144-148,   221;    V, 

195;  VII,  41-72,  167-198;  VIII,  201- 

289. 
Massachusetts  Archives,  XXXV,  2,  5, 

7.  35.  69.  72.  82,  84,  85, 86,  87,  88,97, 

245,  277. 278,  314.  319.  325. 326,  371 ; 

XXXVI,  55,  68,  69,  70,  71,  72,  76, 77, 

78,  190 — 126-358. 
Massachusetts   Colonial   Records,  V, 

286,  310,  326,  451. 
Massachusetts  General  Court  Records, 

6,3. 


Massachu.setts  Historical  .Society's 
Collections,  I,  Thiril  .Series,  pp.  85, 
iOi-112;  V,  Fifth  Series,  pp.  320, 
321.396. 

Mather.  M.ignalia,  II,  592,  595,  598, 
599,  602,  606,  604,  610. 

New  Lngland  Historical  and  Genealog- 
ical Register,  HI,  24,  249,  2S7.  259, 
262  ;  V,  345-9,  367  ;  I X ,  3 1  2  ;  X,  30 ; 
XH,  139,  258;  XXIV,  286,  289,  291, 
42^;  XX V,  329;  XXVIII,  160; 
XXXI,  2S9. 

New  Hampshire  Historical  Society, 
Collections,  VIH,  311-17,  ^k;^. 

New  Hampshire,  History  of.  lielknap, 

I,  203. 

New    IIam])shirc   Provincial    Papers. 

II,  46,  47. 

New  York  Colonial  Manuscripts. 
(Ikodhead,  John  Komeyn).  II,  146; 
HI,  401,  566,  720,  721,  724,  727,  751, 
IV,  476,  749;  IX,  72,  167,  ilxj,  340, 
404,  422,  423,  440,  461,  464,  471,  472, 

473.  475.  476,  4«2,  4«9.  49'.  493.  5'^. 

570,663;  also  Vols.  HI,  IV,  V,  IX. 
New     York     Documentary     History. 

(O'Callaghan,  K.  M.)     iT,  146. 
North  Yarmouth,  (Jld  Times  in.  Vols. 

1-8. 
Parkman.  Jesuits  of  N.  A.,  p.  321.  New 

France,  j)]),  11,67,  191-207,  220,  221. 
Preble  Geo.  II.     Preble  Family,  p.  48. 
Savage.     Genealogical    Dictionary,    I, 

17,    18,   194,  236;  II,  294,   341;  III, 

27«.  363.  490;  IV,  592. 
Southgate.     History  of  .Scarborough. 

Me.  His.  Soc.  Coll.     Ill,  pp.  144-8, 

22 1 . 
.Sparks.     American  Biographv,  VII. 
Suffolk    Deeds.      XVI,   306;   XVII, 

345;  XIX,  66. 
Tanguay.     Dictionnaire.      Genealogi- 

que. 
Titcomb.     Early  N.  E.  people,  p.  66. 
Wentworth  Family.     I,   103,  116,297, 

298. 
Wheeler.     History  of  Brunswick,  &c., 

pp.  6,  76. 
Willis.  Hist,  of  Portland,  pp.  131, 133, 

139.  '47.  154,  199.  211,  226,  227,  229, 

230,  235,  236,  242,  250,  254,  255,  272, 

273.  275.  276,  278,  280,  281,  282,  284, 

286,  2S8,  290,  292,  293,  295,  297,  298, 

301,  302,  420,  436. 
Wordsworth,  p.  403. 

Ill 


INDEX. 


PACK 

Abenakis(.M)cnafiuis)  25, 

20,  2ij,  54,  55,  61 

Aborij^iiRS,  69 

Acadia,   ly,  26,  27,  28,  51, 

54.  65.  79 
Adams,  106 

Addingt(7n,  43,  44,  45,  49, 

54.  (i'>  90 
Admiral,  lOO,  loi 

Agimiis,  64 

Albany,  30,  51,  52,  60,  91, 
92 
Alden,     38,  44,  4?,  46,  47 
Aldeniicn,  6,7,  ill 

Alexander,  82,  107 

Algonquin,  25,  26,  54 

America,  92, 93 

American  Cycloix;dia,  24, 

2^   37'   SO.   5'.  65,  77. 

92, 93,  1 1 1 

Ancram,  93 

Anderson,  12, 47 

Andrews,  41,  56,  no 

Andros,  14,  21,  23,  24,  28, 

3U3-'  33.34,40,49.61, 

62,  64,  93,  9G,  97, 98, 99, 

III 

Androscoggin,  45 

Annajwlis,  14,65.80,  no 

Antictam,  13 

Antigua,  32 

Archives,      10,  15,  26,  38, 

39,  42,  43^  44,  45-  47, 4«, 

49,  52,  53.  54,  5^  59,  ^i, 

67,  76,  84,  86,  87, 88, 89, 

90,  94,   1CX3,  103,  108,  1 10 
III 

Arrowsic,  94 

Assiminasqua,  62 

Atlantic,  27 

Augustine,  16 

Back  Cove,         11,45,82 

Bahamas,  65 

Baker,  82,  100,  107 
Bancroft,     25,  26,  51,  in 

Barrett,  21 

Bassett,  40, 46 

Bath,  69 

112 


PACE 

Jatson, 

21 

iaxter. 

5 

Jeaver, 

46 

iccanour, 

36 

telcher, 

56,  106 

teiknaj), 

58,  1 1 1 

Ic'liiiont, 

102,  107 

tenning. 

57 

terwick. 

36.  42.  58 

{evcrlv, 

103,  105 

iienvillc  do. 

51 

Jiddeford, 

42.81 

iigot. 

29 

5lackman,     21,85,96,97 
{lack  Point,    n,   21,    22, 
3^  40,  42,  45.  48,  63,  87, 
89,  104 
Jlakeman,  31 

{Juc  I'oint,  42 

{ogwell,  81 

Boston,   iS,  21,  24;  28,  30, 

33,  35,  36,38,41,42,43, 
44-  4(>,  47,  48,  49,  5',  52, 
S3,  59.  62,  63,  65, 66, 78, 
80,81,  82,  89,90,  91,92, 

93-94,96,97,98,99.  'oo. 

101,  106,  107,  no,  in 

Bourbons,  loS 

liourne,  19.  m 

Bowen,  43 

Bonython,  21 

Brackett,    15,    17,    19,  20, 

21,  22,  24,34,38,43,64, 

69,  72,  8r 

Brading,  61 

Bradstreet,  33,49,71.  75- 

84,  89,  90,  9: 


Brattle, 

61 

Brior, 

83 

Bristol, 

94 

Broad  street,   11, 

IS.   '6, 

71.  73 

Brodhead, 

III 

Bromfield, 

61 

]{runswick, 

69,111 

Burgess, 

6.7 

Burniffe, 

92,98 

Biirno, 

83 

Burns, 

83 

PACE 
Burroughs,  21 

Cailieres-Iionnevue,      26, 

30.  SO 
Cambridge,  49 

('anuuock,  36 

Canada,  12,  19,  26,  27,  28, 

29.  30,  32,  SO,  52,  55.  58, 
59,60,61,63,64,  76,77, 

78,  80,81,  91,93,94,97, 

98,  102,  103,  105-108 

Canibas,  26 

Cape  Elizabeth,         10,15 

Cape  Borpoisc  (Porpus), 

20,21,84,85 

Capissic,  4',  94 

Carignan,  27 

Cary,  19,  58,  59.  82, 

106,  107 

Casco  (Cascoe,  Caskow, 

Caskoc),  3,   10,   12,  13, 

15,  17,  20,  21,  24,25,31, 

34,  37,  40,  43,  55'  60,  61, 

62,  63,  64,  65,  ()6,  69, 70, 

79,80,81,82,88,90,91, 

93,  94,  100,  103,  108 

Casco  Jiay  (Ka.skebc),  11, 

13,  15,22,24,32,33,34, 

44,  60,62,  64,69,79,81, 

82,  84,  85,  86,  87,  92,  95, 

96,  104,  105,  108,  no 

Castine  (Castin,  Casteen, 

Casteene),    26,    27,   28, 

32,   62,   63,   78,   79,  91, 

94,98 

Cayenne,  29 

Chadbourne,  29,  58 

Charles  II,  103 

Charlestown,  1 10 

Charlevoix,  37,  51,  54,  70, 

79,  102,111 

Charter  Oak,  24 

Chebeague  Island,  31,  95 

Church,  36,  37,  40,  41,42, 

43,  44,  45,  50,  64,  80 

City  Council,  5,  6,  7 

Clay  Cove,  16 

Clark,     1 1,  17,  41,  67,  70, 

71,  72,  77,80,85,94,  lOI 

Clark's  Point,  80 


INDKN. 


"3 


<'li;«-'vf,  I.,,  r;,  So 

Clement,  |6 

Cloice  (C'lois),  45,  Si 


C 
C 

c 
c 
c 
c 
c 
(• 
I' 
c 
c 
c 


<i(heco  (Quocheco),   59, 

oh.isHet, 

nliiinl)i;i  County, 
Oiiiriioii  Coimcil, 
Diiaiit, 
oncorcl, 

ongress  Street,    14,"  Ts, 
70.7' 


16 

5 

43.9" 


onnccticut, 

'onvent, 

f)nversc, 

ook, 

opp's  Hill, 

ornwail  Coimtv, 

orum. 


-I. 


;6,  91 

77 
9« 
'5 
94 

34 


oiiitcmanche,  62,  63,  9S 
levier,  54 

rocker,  Si 

umljcrlaiui  Cuiintv,     ij 
iitts  (Cutt),  '57,  5S 


Damariscotta,  c;;,  94 

Danforth,    14,    15,   16,   iS, 

35.  4'.  42.  56.  61,  89 

Dan  vers,  »  Si 

Davis    (Davess,    Davie), 

10,  II,  13,  16,  19,21,  22, 

24.  25,  34,35.  3J-,  38,40, 

41,  46,  48,  62,65,  fA67, 

68,  69,  70,  72,  73,  74,  75, 

77,  7«. '"i I. 'S2,  83,  84,94, 

95,  100,  loi,  103,  107, 

Deering.  7,  23,  24,  ^7 

Dennison,  57 

Denonville,  cle,  28,  29,  30, 

32 

95 
Clenealogi- 

19,  102.,,  Ill 

26 

64.97 
102 


Devonshire, 
Dictionnairc 

que, 
Doaques, 
Doney, 
Dongan, 
Dover,  34,  59,83,87,  101. 
Drake,  44,  S4. 63, 64,78,1 1 1 
DrumnioncT, 
Dudley, 
Duffels, 
Dummer, 
Dunstable, 
Dutch, 
Duxburv, 


5,  Si 
64 

3« 

58,  no 

6d 

23.  92 

37 


Karlv  New  Knglanil  peo- 
ple, 40 
Kastern  Cemetery,  13,  14, 

S3.  5«.  Xo 

Kastern  Claims,  no 

l^lli"tt,  89,91 

Kndicott,  20,  95 

luiKland,    11,    13,   19,   25, 

2«.  3'.   3".  ii,   49.    57. 

59.  (J I.  64.  74.S',95.<>7. 

luS 

iMinlish,  10,  26,  27,  28,64, 

f'5.  ^>9.  70.  7 '.74.  75. 76, 

«4.  95.  9^>.  97.  9«.  99. 

loi,  102,  103,  104,  105, 

106,  107,  108 

Kn^lish,  James         94,  95 

Kssex,  40,  84,  89,  III 

Ktcliemins,  26, 

Kverill,  44 

Kxchange  Street,       12.  Si; 

Fairfield,  Si 

Kalinou.h,  3,  4,   5,  9,   n, 

12,  13,  14,  15,  17,20,21, 

22,23,  24.3'.32,  34.  35. 

37 1  39.  40,  ,1,42,  43.44. 

45.46,  47,48,  49,  60,64, 

6(1,  69,  79,  S2,  85,  86,  94, 

95.  96.  98.  108,  no 

Parley,  16,  17 

Ferguson,  55 

Ferry,  jo 

Flanders,  103 

Fleet  Street,  16 

Folsom,  1 1 1 

Fore  Street,  11,  15,  16,  17, 

I.-        ..•  73.94 

hore  River,  14 

Fort  Halifax,  6-, 

Fort  Loyall,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7, 

9.  10,  n,  13,  14,  15,   16, 

17.  iS,  19.  20,  22,23,24, 

3'.  32,  34.  37^  41.44.5'. 
60,  61,  62,64,  65,66,67, 

69.  70,  72,  73<  74.  75.  79. 

84.  85,  86,88,  91,92,94, 

97,   100,    loi,  102,   103, 

105-107. 
Fox,  ,4 

F'oxcroft,  106 

France,  10,   14,  25,  26,27, 

29.  30.  49.  5°.  5'.  60,  77, 

99. 
Frankfort,  92 

F'ranklin,  14 

Free  Street,  1 2,  47, 


French,  3,  5,  10,  13.24, 
26,  27,    28,    31.    i;^, 

4'.  5'.  52.  S3.  54.  55. 
59,  (K3,  61.  63,64,65, 

7'.  74.  75.76.77.  7«. 
82,84,87,  88,91,92. 

94.  95-  96,  97- 

iMDiitenac,  Count  (l.o 

deHuade),  29,  30,  50, 

54.  (k>,  61,  62,77,78, 
100,  102,   107. 

Frost,  19,  20.  34,  35,  36, 

55,  56.  61.  65,  ^6,  85, 


J/. 

ss. 

U), 
79. 

93. 
108 
uis 

5'. 

42. 

.   80. 

87.  88,  89 

15,  22.  89 

65 

(ialiison    ((Millison),     41 

no 

(iarrisons,    12.    17,  25,  33, 

39.  40,  41.  42,  45.  4«.49. 

58,  ()(j,  67,  6S,  70,  72,  74, 

82,85,86,87,91,93,97 

(.astineau,  54 

Cas  Works,  80 

Cedney,  13,  16,  43 

(.endall.  21,  22,  31,32,62, 

89,  103 

(.eneral  Assembly,         21 

(leneral  Court,     '  18,  100 


Fryer, 

Fundy,  Ilav  of, 


(lerrish, 
(ieorgetown. 
(iettysl)iirg, 
(Jodirey, 
( !  t)  o  d  w  i  n  I 

(uiodon), 
(ioold,  . 
Ciorges, 
CJould. 
(Maffort, 
Clrandfontaine, 
Ciraiid     i'riink 


101 
64,81 

'3 

27.  28 

( ;  o  o  d  s  o  n  , 

55.  5*^.  59 

5 

'3.32 


8l 


Railway, 
II,  70 
loi,  103 

82,  107 
70 
16 

'S.«5 


(Jrandvillc,  de 

Gray, 

(.reason. 

Great  Hay, 

Great  Island, 

Gregorian  Calender,  9,  64 

Green,  n,  53 

(jieenougli,  r6 

Groton.  ^g 

(juernsey.  24 

(ivies,  82 

Hall,  41,44 

Hammond.  21,  56,  59,  87, 
88 


114 


INDEX. 


Hancock  Street,  ii 

Hannali,  79iiii 

Hartford,  23 

Harvard  College,  14,  21, 
31.  32.  57 


Islands, 

Isle  of  Shoals, 


69 
84 


Harvey, 

Harwood, 

Havana, 

Haverhill, 

Hawthorn, 


so 
16,  21 

01 


Hcrtel    (llartel,    Artell), 
Francois,  54,  55,  60,  63, 
76,  80 
Hicks,  41,  66 

Hight,  S 

Hignon.  64,  97 

Hill,  42,  S3 

Hinckes,  89 

Hitchcock,  58 

Hoit,  66 

Holmes  (Homes),    21,  58 
Hooke,  18,  19,  23,  42 

Hopegood,  54,  ss',  7^*.  ^3' 
97 
Hubbard,  62, 1 1 1 

Hudson  Bay,  51 

Hudson  River,  30 

Hull,  3,  4,   5,  5,  6,  7,  20, 

95 

Hunnewell,  42 

Hunt,  5 

Hutchinson,  20,23,82,89, 

III 

Iberville,  31,  63 

India  Street,  ro,  11,  15,  16, 

71.  73.  74 

Indian  Agent,  31 

Indian  Cove,  70 

Indians,  3,    5,   10,   13,   iS, 

19,  20,  21,  23,  24,25,26, 

27,  28,  29,  3[,  32,33,35, 

37.  39.  40,  41.  42,43.44. 

SC  51.  52,  S3.  54.  55.  5'"^. 

59,  60, 6^,  64,  65,  69,  70, 

71,  72,76,  77,78,81,82. 

83,85,87,89,91,92,94, 

95.  96,  97.  98,  99.  loi, 

102,  103,  104,  105,  106, 

107,  loS,  110,  in 

Ingalls,  16 

Ingersol  (Ingcrson,Knger- 

son,  Inkersall),   16,   17. 

34,  41,  66,  82,  85,   110 

International  Hotel,       16 

Ireland,  49, 80 

Iroquois,       27,  29,  31,  51, 

78,  lOI 


Jacob,  16 

James  II,      25,  28,  40,  50, 
98,  99 
Jesuits,  25,  26,  29,  30,  102, 
1 1 1 
Johnson,  1 7,  94,  1 1 1 

Joliet,  102 

Jordan,  5,  31,  85,  91 

Jordan's  Point,  16,  17 

Jose,  57,  83 

Julian  Calendar,  9 

Kebec,  86 

Kennebec      (Kenebecjue, 

Quinebeguy),  14,25,26, 

29,  33.  34.  37,  39. 45.  55. 

62,  63,  69,  81,  94,  104 
Kenncbunk,  20 

Key,  55 

King  Street,  79 

King  William,  25,2^,29,63 
King's  Chajiel,  61 

Kittery,  13,  15,  18,  20,  21, 

35.  5<J.  59.  S6,  92,  1 10 
Knight,  13 


Madocawando,  27,  62,  63, 

64,  94,  98 

Magnalia,      21,  55,  58,  65, 

66,  71,  103,  III 

Maine  (Mayne,  Mayn),  3, 

12,  13,  14',  17,  19,20,  22, 

23,  24,  25,  26,  27,31,32, 

33<  34.  35  ,37,  40,  48,  50, 

54,  55.  62,63,79,86,87, 

90,  92,  94,  95,  1 1 1 

Maine  (Jen.  Society,    3,  4 

.Maine  His.  .Soc.  Coll.,  .'•7, 

28,  63,  79,  95 

.Mamtenon,  77,  100 

-Malccites,  26 

Manet  I)e  51 

Ma(|noite,  96 

Marloe,  103 

Martyn,    57,  58,  59,  88,  89 

Marston,  16 

.Maryland,  53,  93 

Mason,  16 

Massachusetts,  13,  14,  17, 

19,22,  23,25,31,  32,33, 

34-  35.  37.40,  41,48,49, 

52,  53.  5^J.  59,  64.  66,  67, 

69.  72,  79>'*>'.84,85,S7, 

88,90,91,93,  94,95, 

106,  108,  110,  I' I 


LaBarre, 

29.30 

Mass.   C^)!.  Rec,   13,   19, 

Lalande,  de 

1 00.  102 

22,  23,  24 

Lake, 

94 

Mass.  His.  Soc.  Coll.,    23 
Mather,  21,  55,  58,  65,  Ob, 

Lawrence, 

12, 

41,  6(1,  70, 

71. 

72,  8i,  83 

71,   lOI,  IC3,  III 

Lear, 

57 

Mavericke,                       18 

I -egg, 

53 

Mayberry,        15,  no,  ill 

Leisler, 

7'. 

75.91,  92 

Mayor,           6,  7,  102,  in 

Le.Moyne, 

51 

McLcUan,                        13 

Lincoln, 

'9 

Medford,                          32 

Little, 

5 

Meeting  House,              17 

Littletield, 

20,  83,  87 

Memorial  Day,              108 

Little  Compton 

37 

Merrimack  River,    26,  60 

Livingston, 

93 

Merrjnieeting  Bay,  63,  69 

Lockart,  23, 

24. 

25.  32,  34 

Meserve,                            5 

London, 

3. 

23.  24.  33, 

Miildle  Street,                41 

65,  no 

Middlesex,                       89 

Long  Creek 

21,  94 

Middle.xot,                       53 

Longfellow, 

27,111 

Milburn,                           65 

Louisburg, 

13.57 

Mississippi,                    102 

Louisiana, 

5' 

Mitton,                             80 

Louis  XIV, 

10, 

25,  29,  30, 

Mohawks,                        51 

50,77 

Montreal,      19,  30,  31,  50, 

Lord, 

5«.  59 

51,  54,  102,  106 

Lowell, 

16 

Monseignat,             77,  100 

Lynde, 

..M 

Moody,                             56 

Lynn, 

Mousam,                          20 

Mount  Desert,                26 

Mackworth. 

)  10 

Mount  Royal,               106 

INDEX. 


"5 


56 

I,  88,  89 
16 

53.  93 
i6 


no,  III 
102,  III 
13 

32 
17 
108 
26,  60 
av,  63,  («; 
5 
41 
89 

53 

f>5 
102 

80 

5' 

30,  31,  50. 
102,  106 

77.  100 

56 

20 

26 

106 


Monill,  82 

Moxus,  64 

Mugg,  62 

Mullins,  44 

Munjoy,  12,  17,41,70,71,80 


95 
95 
84 
If) 


Nantaskel, 

Nelson, 

Newbury, 

Newbury  Street, 

Newcastle,  15 

New  England,    10,  20,  23, 

24,  25,  26,  28,30,35,  50, 

51,61,95,99,106,107,111 
New  England  His.  &  Gen. 

■Reg.,    19,  20,  :^2,  35,  36, 

42,43,  56,  58,61,80,82, 

106,  107 

New  France,      25,  26,  29, 

30,  31,  50,  77,  102 

New  Hampshire,     15,28, 

34-5'.  54.  57.86,92,93, 
101,  1 11 
Newichewanock,  19.35,56 
New  Jersey  24 

New  Meadows,  69 

Newton,  93 

New  York,  10.  23,  24,  28, 

30,  32,  50,  51,86,91,92, 

93.  97.  98.99.'02,io7,iii 
New  York  ("ol.  Man.,  26, 

28,29,30,  32.  33.  5'.  53. 

54.  62.  71,  73,74,  76,79, 
100,  101,. 102,  108 
New  York  Doc.  His.,    75 
Nichols,  16 

Nicholscjii,  24,  39,  93 

Noddles  Island,  18 

Norridgewock,  26,  54,  64, 
104 
North  America,  10,  50,  65 
North  Yarmouth,   16.  22, 

31,32,96,97,103,110,  III 
Nova  Scotia,    14,  28,  44, 
53,  54,  61:,  So 


56,  ()i 

37 
26 

4' 
'3 


I'arker  Island,  81 

Park  Street,  14 

Parkman,  26,  29,  30,  31, 
56,  102,  1 1 1 
Paris,  3,  27,  _o,  64,  71, 
100 
Parsons, 
l'assania(|Uoddv, 
Passainacinoddles, 
Peakes'  Island, 
Pearson, 
Pemaquid    (Pencuit),    26, 

27.  29,  32.33.  34.  5>.^>3. 

64,  So 

Pcnnacooks,  26 

Penobscot        (Pcntagoet, 

I'entagonet),  25,  26,  27, 

28,  29,  37,  51,62,  63,64, 

94 
Pepperill,  13 

Pcrrin,  102 

Phillips,  17,  36,  41,  44.  6S. 

81,84,  89. 

Philip  King,        37,  40,  94 

Phipi)s,     14,    44,    51,    53, 

63,  65,  So,  90.  9'.  93.  95. 

100,  101,  103. 

Phippsburg,  81 

Pike,  17 

'Mscataquis     ( Piscatacpia, 

Pascataqna),  14,  35,  57, 

5  9.  77.83.85,92,93 

Plaistcd,    19,    56    58,    83, 

1 10 

Plymouth,    26,  44,  63,  91. 

Portland,      3,  5,  6,  11,  13, 

15,  16,  57,  79,  109,  III 

Portneut",  62,  63,  69,   77, 

78,79,  101,  103,  108,  III 

Port    Royall,    27,   62,  65, 

93,  101,  102 

Portsmouth,  1 1,  54,  56,  57, 

58,  59,60,61,62,83,84, 

85,  87,  88,  89 

Potherie,  Dc  La,  70,91,1 1 1 


Pyrenees, 


27 


Quamphegan,  21,  58 

Quebec  (Quebeck.Cabec), 

13,26,27,  29,  30,  50,  51, 

54.  55,60,  61,  63,65,  77, 

80.  82.  94,  95,  98,  100- 

103,  105-107 

Queen,  49 

Queen  Ann,  65,  87 

Queen  Street,  'S,  7' 


kam.sdcll, 

Kasle, 

Kay, 

Reception  Hall, 

Record  Com.. 

Recorder, 

Records, 

Kenesselaer, 

Richards, 

Richmond's  (Ki 

Island, 
Rishwcnth, 
Rogers, 
Rose,  Frigate, 
Ross, 
Royall, 
Ru'ssell, 


81 
26 

5 
4 

3(^ 
1 10 

14,  100 

52 
89 

?hnian's), 
89 

19,  20,  58 

82,  107 

32 
89 


Notre  Uame, 

'9 

Potts, 

95 

No  we  11, 

17 

Powell, 

16 

Nuttacke, 

20 

Preble, 

'3,  ni 

Prevost,  de 

•03 

O'Callaghan, 

71,  111 

Presumpscot, 

70 

Old  Times, 

32 

Prince  ol  ( )range. 

so,  99 

(.)liver. 

53 

Printing,  Com.  on 

7 

Orange, 

51 

Prout,  36,  39,  43, 

44.  47. 

Oyster  River, 

87 

48,  61 

O.xford, 

3' 

Prout's  .Neck, 

S6 

Puiilic  Instruction, 

6 

Palmer, 

41 

PiMjxjoduck, 

45 

Parker, 

^1,  82,  100 

Pynchon,              17 

18,  91 

Sachem,  28,  63 

Saco,       21,  22,  29,  31,  34, 

36,  38,40,  41,42,44,45, 

48,  49,64,81,84,85,87, 

96,  1 10,  1 1 1 

Saco  Fort,  59 

Sagadahock,  21,  95 

Sagamore,  28 

Salem,     16,  17,  20,  31,  40, 

41,65,82,93 

Sallieres,  27 

Salmon  Falls,     42,  51,  56, 

58,  59,  60,  63,  64 

Salonstall,  17 

Sargent,  3,  4,  5,  21,  56,58, 

64,  83,  84,  85,  94,  95, 

100,  103,  1 10 

Savage,   17,  20,  43,  49,  56, 

59,  61,  93,  100, 1 1 1 

Saw  Mills,  19 

Sawyer,  6 

Say  ward,  19,  20,  21,  58,  110 

Scammon  (Scamman),  58, 

101,  1 10 

Scarborough,      10,  19,  21, 

22,  36,  39,  40,41,42,  48, 

49,  1 1 1 

Scarron,  77 


ii6 

INDEX. 

Shenectady,  31,52,55,62,64 

Stoughton,          31 

,  56.  96 

Schuyler,                           52 

Sudbury, 

91 

Scotland,                    49,  93 

Suffolk^     89,  106, 

no.  Ill 

Scottow,               13,  21,  22 

Sullivan, 

37 

Seacomb,                   n,  23 

Sumner  Street, 

16 

Sebasticook,                    63 

Swayne  (Sweyne), 

36 

Seignelay,            26,  28,  54 

Swarton,          82, 

03,  107 

Seneca,                             63 

Symonds, 

57 

Senter,                            107 

Sewall,                 89,  90,  91 

Tadoussac, 

102 

Shapleigh,          20,  21,  no 

Taiif^uay, 

[02,  m 

Shea,    27,  70,  79,  102,  III 

Tarratine, 

62,  64 

Sherburn  (Sherbon),  57,83 

I'ash, 

4.  5-6 

Shim])liii,                         89 

Teconnett, 

94 

Ship,  Orange  Tree,        35 

Thames, 

94 

Short,                               55 

Thames  Street, 

>7.  73 

Shrewsbury,                    91 

Thomas, 

5 

Sister  Des  Agnes,          19 

Three  Rivers,     51 

,  54,60 

Shillings  (Skillin),    16,  21 

Thurston, 

16 

Sloop,  Mary,             44,  45 

Titcomb, 

in 

Sloop,  Nonsuch,           10  > 

Town  Landing, 

10 

Sloop,  Resolution,         61 

Treworgy, 

20 

Sloughter,                        92 

Trouve,  " 

[oi,  102 

Smith,                    5,  16,  33 

Tucker, 

no 

Sokokis,            26,  54,  no 

Tukesbury, 

5 

Souter,                    82,  107 

Turkey  Lane, 

16 

South  Berwick,        21,  42 

Tuttle^ 

.S7 

South  Church,                61 

Tyng(Ting),  14,  16,  18,  2*2, 

Southgate,                      1 1 1 

23,31,  32,60,80, 

95,  100 

Sparks,                   65,  in 

Tyngsboro, 

60 

Spencer,                          58 

Tyng  Street, 

80 

Sprague,                          17 

Spring  Street,                 58 

Union  Street, 

16 

Springfield,                     91 

United  Colonies, 

14 

Spur  wink,     11,22,39,41, 

United  States, 

37 

42, 48, 84, 85, 87, 89 

St.  Christopher,  28 

St.  Croix  (St.  Croise),   28 
St.  F"rancis,  26,  54,  61 

St.  George,        10,  26,  108 
St.  Helene, 
St.  John, 
St.  Lawrence, 
St.  Simon, 


State  Street, 
Stetson, 
Stevens, 
Storer, 


26,  79, 

62 
29 
14,  80 
16 
69 

83,  87,  88 


Valliere,  de,  102,  103 

Vaughan,      57,  59,  84,  85, 
86,88 
Vaughan's  Bridge,  10 

Virginia,  24,  93 

Wade,  6,  7 

VVaite  (Wayte),        13,  17 
Waldo,  13,  95 

Waldron,  34,  loi 

Wallace  (Wallis), 17,42,45 
Walton  (Waltin),  83 


Watson,  4,  5,  82,  83,  86 
Wcl)ber,  21 

Weeks,  11 

Welch,  90 

Wells,     19,  21,  42,  59,  64, 

82, 83,  80, 87,  89,90,92,93 
Wenamont,  63 

Wenoggnet,  63 

Wentworth,  56,  57,  83, 
89,  1 1 0 
Westcustogo,  32 

West  India,  34,  92 

Wessells,  33,  52 

Wharton,  81,  82 

Wheeler,  in 

Wheelwright,  19,  58,  83, 
87,88,  no 
White(Wight),  58,66,  no 
Whitmore,  95 

Wiltard,         12,40,48,49, 

55,  65,  66,  67,  68,  70,  72, 

91.  94 
William  and  Mary,  25,7 

49.  93^  98.  i^ 
Williams,       58,  70,  71,  8 
Williamson,  24,  59,  66,  7 
Willis,     II,  13,  15,  16,  17, 
19,  20,  21,  22,  25,  31,32, 
34,40,  41,45,62,64,65, 
79,  80,  81,  82,  89,  III 
Wincol,  19,  56,  59 

Windmills,  47 

Winncgancc,  81 

Winter  Harbor,  36,  84 
Winthroj),  49 

Winslow,  94 

Wiscassett,  95 

Wolfe,  13 

Woolwich,  65 

Worcester,  32 

Wordsworth,  38,  in 

York,      19,  20,  21,  28,  58, 

59,  63,  82,  85,  90,  93, 

104,  107,  108 

York,  Duke  of,  28 


4530   5C/ 
670 


^m 


82,  83,  86 
21 
II 
90 

42,  59.  64. 
9,90,92,93 

63 
63 

56.  57.  83. 
89,  no 

32 
34.92 

33.  52 

81,82 

III 

19.  58,  83, 

57,  S8,  no 
58,66,  no 

95 

40,  48,  49, 

68,  70, 72, 

91,01 

ary,  25, 

93.  98.  1 

.70.  71.85 

,  59,  66,  78 

15,  16,  17, 

,25,31,32, 

I  62,  64,  65, 

82,  89,  ni 

19.  56.  59 

47 

81 

r,  36, 84 
49 
94 
95 

'J 
65 

38,  III 

,  21,  28,  58, 
,  85,  90,  93. 
34,   107,  108 


(V 


- 1  ] 


